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Biomedical subjects

W H Chow

Publications and source records attributed to W H Chow.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

A cohort study of tobacco use, diet, occupation, and lung cancer mortality.

In 1966, a cohort of White males aged 35 or over, who were policy-holders with the Lutheran Brotherhood Insurance Society (United States), completed a mail questionnaire on tobacco use, diet, and demographic characteristics. During the 20 years of follow-up, 219 lung cancer deaths occurred. Besides the strong relationship with cigarette smoking, we observed an effect on lung cancer risk among current users of cigars or pipes who were nonsmokers of cigarettes (relative risk [RR] = 3.5, 95 percent confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-12.6) or who were past/occasional users of cigarettes (RR = 2.7, CI = 1.4-5.3). In addition, elevated risks (from 1.5 to 2.6) of lung cancer were found among craftsmen and laborers, with the highest risks among subjects who worked in the mining or manufacturing industry. No association between current (as of 1966) use of beer or hard liquor and lung cancer was observed, although past users were at elevated risk. An inverse association between lung cancer and intake of fruits was observed, and risks of lung cancer were lower among persons in the highest dietary intake quintiles of vitamins A and C. Except for oranges, however, none of the inverse associations with fruits or dietary nutrients had statistically significant trends. The findings from this cohort study add to the evidence of an adverse effect of cigar/pipe smoking and possibly protective effect of dietary factors on lung cancer risk.

Ascorbic Acid↗
PubMed1992

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the brain.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a recently described vascular neoplasm characterized by epithelioid tumor cells and borderline biologic behavior. Its four principal sites of occurrence are the soft tissue, liver, lung, and bone. We report a case of primary cerebral epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in a 4-month-old male infant. The tumor consisted of loose aggregates of epithelioid cells with a focal cordlike or bridging-branching pattern, supported in a fibromyxoid stroma. The tumor cells displayed frequent intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed positive staining for Ulex europaeus agglutinin, vimentin, and cytokeratin. The tumor pursued an indolent clinical course. The patient was alive 28 months after initial presentation, but he was left with a severe neurological deficit because of the location and growth of the tumor.

Brain↗
PubMed1992

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy in pregnancy using the Inoue balloon catheter.

Percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy (PBMV) using the Inoue balloon catheter was performed successfully in 2 patients with severe mitral stenosis refractory to medical treatment during pregnancy. Because of its unique design and ease of manipulation, we recommend the Inoue balloon catheter for performing PBMV in selected patients with mitral stenosis during pregnancy, as procedure and fluoroscopy times can be significantly shortened.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Amino-aciduria and enzymuria in patients with artificial heart valves.

Fifteen patients with artificial heart valves and evidence of chronic intravascular haemolysis were studied for proximal tubular dysfunction. Three patients had haemosiderinuria and haemoglobinuria; 2 had haemoglobinuria alone. Increased urinary amino acid nitrogen occurred in 8, raised fractional beta 2-microglobulin excretion in 2, hypophosphataemia in 4, renal glycosuria in 1 and enhanced fractional urate excretion in 1. Urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) excretion increased in 7; the mean urinary NAG/creatinine ratio was raised to twice the upper limit of the normal range. Renal haemosiderosis due to chronic intravascular haemolysis could cause tubular injury.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1992

Bilateral coronary-artery-to-pulmonary-artery fistula coexistent with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a case report.

A sixty-four-year-old man presented with repolarization abnormalities on the electrocardiogram. Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization revealed that he had the rare combination of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with bilateral coronary-artery-to-pulmonary-artery fistula. An exercise thallium scan was negative, suggesting that the marked electrocardiographic changes were most likely secondary to the apical myocardial hypertrophy, instead of to coronary-steal-induced ischemia.

Arterio-Arterial Fistula↗
PubMed1991

Rural-urban differences in stage at diagnosis. Possible relationship to cancer screening.

Stage at diagnosis was examined for various malignancies identifiable through screening to determine whether rural-urban differences exist in Georgia. Data were obtained from a population-based cancer registry which registers all incident cancers among residents of metropolitan Atlanta and ten neighboring rural counties. Black and white patients with a first primary invasive malignancy newly diagnosed between 1978 and 1985 were included in this study. Residents of the rural area were twice as likely to have unstaged cancers (18.3%) as were urban residents (9.6%). Among patients with known stage at diagnosis, rural patients tended to have more advanced disease than urban patients. The relative excess of nonlocalized malignancies in rural Georgia was 21% for whites and 37% for blacks. The rural excess of nonlocalized prostate cancer among blacks was especially pronounced. Differences in access to or utilization of early detection methods may contribute to the rural-urban differential in the extent of disease at diagnosis.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1991

Electromechanical concordance in alternans during sustained tachycardias.

Electrical alternans and mechanical alternans are intriguing phenomena that have been reported to occur during tachycardias. Their precise pathophysiologic mechanism and in particular their interrelation have not been well defined. This report documents an unusual electromechanical concordance in alternans during sustained supraventricular tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia in two patients, raising interesting possibilities on the underlying mechanism of the concordant phenomena. The findings highlight the principle of excitation--contraction coupling of the heart.

Adult↗