[Analytical differentiation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. I. Determination of AMP, ADP and ATP, and of GTP + ITP].
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Adenine Nucleotides↗
Biomedical subjects
W Gruber
Publications and source records attributed to W Gruber.
[Peak flow measurement from the pediatric viewpoint].
With special emphasis on the paediatric aspects, the importance of peak expiratory flow rate measurements in asthma patients is reviewed. Portable peak flow meters allow for regular home monitoring of lung function. Repeated peak expiratory flow recordings by patients at home are of great value in the diagnosis and the therapeutic management of bronchial asthma. Monitoring of peak expiratory flow rates may improve the perception of compromised airway function and thereby enhance compliance in asthma patients. As a relatively simple form of pulmonary function testing, the measurement of peak expiratory flow rates, however, cannot substitute for pulmonary function testing by spirometry, flow-volume-curves or bodyplethysmography.
Adolescent↗
[Effectiveness and tolerance of tramadol with or without an antiemetic and pethidine in obstetric analgesia].
The aim of this prospective, randomised, blind study was to investigate the analgesic potency and tolerance of intramuscular Tramadol compared to a standard obstetric analgesia with Pethidine. Triflupromazine was administrated in combination with the two tested analgesics in order to study its efficacy in alleviating the emetic side effects of the tested analgesics. 66 parturients were randomly assigned to three groups: group A: 100 mg Tramadol (Tramal), group B: 100 mg Tramadol (Tramal) and 10 mg Triflupromazine (Psyquil), group C: 50 mg Pethidine (Alodan) and 10 mg Triflupromazine (Psyquil). No significant differences concerning duration of labour, FHR-alterations, umbilical cord blood gases, respiration pattern and Apgar Scores of the neonate occurred. In all three groups the analgesic effect was equally good. Combination of the analgesic with the antiemetic showed no reduction of the incidence and severity of side effects.
Adult↗
[Comparison of surface tension with determination of the L/S ratio in amniotic fluid for prediction of fetal lung maturity].
In 83 specimen of amniotic fluid both a dynamic measurement of the surface tension by the Wilhelmy-balance and a determination of the lecithin-sphingomyelin-ratio were performed in 1987-1992 in order to predict a respiratory-distress-syndrome (RDS) of the newborn. 7 cases showed divergent results of both methods. In comparison with the measurement of surface tension by the Wilhelmy-balance, determination of the lecithin/sphingomyelin-ratio showed more false positive results (4:1). Both methods provided false negative results in two cases each. In two cases both methods showed false positive results, with RDS occurring in spite of predicted lung maturity. In our high risk-collective 5 of 83 newborns developed a severe RDS. All of them were delivered by caesarean section. A secondary deficiency of surfactant as a result of fetal hypoxia or acidosis as well as a possible influence of the way of delivery might be responsible for the development of RDS. The Wilhelmy-balance, which can be used as a bed-side-method, provides similar results in the prediction of fetal lung maturity compared to the L/S-ratio.
Amniocentesis↗
[Discrepancy between Apgar score and umbilical artery pH value in the newborn infant. (Correlation to mode of delivery and fetal outcome?)].
In a retrospective study data from more than 9000 live births were analyzed. Our aim was to compare the significance of Apgar-Score and umbilical artery pH in predicting the condition and development of the newborn. We were particularly interested in three groups of patients: "Group A" included patients with a 5 minute Apgar-Score < or = 7 and a normal pH > 7,2. In "Group P" the pH was < 7,10 combined with a normal Apgar-Score (8 to 10). Both groups were compared with a "normal group" (pH > 7,20 and Apgar-Score between 8 and 10). There was a higher percentage of operative deliveries in group A (38%) and group P (20%) compared to the normal group (15%). The only predictor of a low Apgar-Score was meconium stained amniotic fluid (Group A 16%). A poor condition of the newborn correlated much better with a low Apgar-Score than with a low umbilical artery pH. In group A the rate of newborns transferred to the neonatology unit was 43% and the perinatal mortality rate was 50%. The poor correlation of a low umbilical artery pH and the fetal outcome is partly explainable by the standard cut off level of 7,20 for acidosis, which seems to be too high.
Acid-Base Equilibrium↗