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Biomedical subjects

W Glinski

Publications and source records attributed to W Glinski.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

In vivo mobilization of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in psoriasis: relationship to clinical parameters and serum inhibitory factors.

Mean migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) toward autologous and homologous control sera, evaluated by quantitative skin window chamber technique, was only slightly reduced in 60 patients with psoriasis as compared to 27 normal controls (p less than 0.1). A significant decrease in cell migration was found (1) in patients with actively spreading lesions, (2) in patients with extensive lesions involving more than 40-60% of the skin surface, (3) in the first 2 months of relapse, and (4) 5-6 months after onset of new lesions. However, PMNL migration was increased when psoriatic lesions lasted 3-4 months. Seventy-one percent of psoriatic sera exerted a suppressive effect on the psoriatic and normal PMNL migration. The inhibitors were found predominantly in patients with stationary and long-standing lesions. Some of the psoriatic sera had a stimulatory effect on the chemotaxis of psoriatic PMNL. These sera originated from those patients with active spreading lesions in the first 2 months of relapse. These data indicate that neutrophil migration is abnormal in the course of psoriasis and that it could be modified by different proportions of both inhibitors and stimulators of chemotaxis.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1980

The activity of polymorphonuclear leukocyte neutral proteinases and their inhibitors in patients with psoriasis treated with a continuous peritoneal dialysis.

3 of 16 patients with extensive psoriasis have been completely cleared of skin lesions within 2-3 weeks of continuous peritoneal dialysis, and 2 of them up to 2 mo after termination of therapy. In 5 cases there was a great improvement of psoriatic lesions and in 6 remaining cases only a slight improvement was found. The remission of psoriasis was correlated with extremely high polymorphonuclear leukocyte depletion through the peritoneal cavity in a short time. Neutral serine proteinases were extracted from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and quantitated. The quantity of enzymes in the cells recovered from peritoneal dialysates was found to decrease with duration of treatment, and it was 2-5 times lower than amounts of neutral proteinases extracted from peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes of psoriatics and normals. The enzyme content per polymorphonuclear leukocyte of patients with active psoriasis was significantly higher (2-fold) than that in inactive psoriasis and in normal controls. Proteinase activity was also found in the sera of psoriatics and normals, as well as in the peritoneal dialysates. However, this activity appeared to be about 30-50 times lower than serum inhibitory activity against neutral proteinases. The concentration of neutral proteinase inhibitors in 5 of 17 sera of patients with psoriasis was significantly lower than that in normal sera. These data indicate that the depletion of activated PMNL with increased amounts of neutral proteinases may account for the beneficial effect of peritoneal dialysis in the clearing of psoriatic lesions.

Endopeptidases↗
PubMed1979

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis versus disseminated verrucae planae: is epidermodysplasia verruciformis a generalized infection with wart virus?

Recently it has been shown that epidermodysplasia verruciformis is induced by human papilloma/virus different from the papilloma/virus of warts, and that 2 distinct viruses-designated HPV-3 and HP-4--are responsible for it. Ten cases of epidermodysplasia verruciformis were found to have been caused by HPV-3. Clinically and histologically, as well as in the often depressed cell-mediated immunity they closely resembled long-standing verrucae planae, also caused by HPV-3. Contrariwise, in epidermodysplasia verruciformis caused by HPV-4 there are characteristic red, red-brown, and depigmented, pityriasis versicolor-like plaques, and malignant transformation seems almost inevitable. Cases due to HPV-3 may be abortive or even regressive, or stationary, and hard to distinguish from flat warts. No malignant conversion was seen in patients infected only with HPV-3, whereas it occurred in 2 patients infected with both viruses: HPV-3 and HPV-4. Pigmented plaques are the most important adverse prognostic sign in EV induced by HPV-3.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Defective function of T lymphocytes in psoriasis.

The distribution of thymus-derived (T) and bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes in 100 patients with psoriasis were studied by the rosetting techniques. Depression of the number of T lymphocytes forming spontaneous rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes) occurred in 66% of patients, whereas no difference in B lymphocytes bearing C3 receptor (EAC rosettes) was observed between psoriatics and normals. The decrease in E rosettes was associated with the active phase of the disease. This disappeared 4-6 wk after onset of remission, which suggested that the abnormality in T-cell marker distribution is transitional. Lymphocytes forming neither E nor EAC rosettes, which were found to be significantly increased in active psoriasis, were identified as T lymphocytes since they reacquired normal E rosette function during short-term preincubation with concanavalin A (Con A). A serum factor was also demonstrated which inhibited E rosette formation by normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Its activity increased linearly within 2 mo from the onset of skin lesions. The data suggest that in active psoriasis serum factors may be coated on the lymphocyte surface membrane which may be responsible for blocking of specific receptor for sheep erythrocytes and/or interfere with T lymphocyte function.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Immunological studies in epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

Immunofluorescence and cell mediated immunity studies have been performed in 14 cases of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), 3 of those abortive or regressing in members of the families of the patients with EV. Two different types of human papillomavirus (HPV)--HPV3 and HPV4--have been found in cases of EV. HPV3 was detected also in flat warts without features of EV. There was no cross-reactivity between these two viruses, neither with HPV1 responsible for plantar warts nor with HPV2 inducing common warts. There was a relationship between the type of HPV and the clinical picture of EV as well as the malignant transformation, namely HPV4 has been found to be more oncogenic. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) seems to be an important factor because it was depressed in a vast majority of active cases and preserved in regressing and abortive cases (in the members of the families of EV patients). However, low CMI has been found in EV cases infected with HPV3 and in persistent flat warts also due to HPV3, which did not undergo malignant transformation. In contrast, in a case of EV due to HPV4 a malignant transformation occured in spite of still preserved, although lowered CMI. Various human papillomaviruses seem to differ in their oncogenic potential. HPV1 responsible for plantar warts, and HPV2 for common warts have no evident oncogenic potential, HPV3 inducing both EV and flat warts has a low oncogenicity, whereas HPV4 inducing some cases of EV seems more oncogenic.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Dermal toxicity of 8-methoxypsoralen administered (by gavage) to hairless mice irradiated with long-wave ultraviolet light.

Hairless mice were administered various amounts of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) by gavage, followed by irradiation with ultraviolet light (UVA) two or more times per week for periods ranging from 1 to 12 months. The minimum phototoxic dose was 20 mg/kg body weight by this route of administration and potential for serious organ toxicity in long-term exposures was investigated. No histologic features of cutaneous malignancy were encountered under test conditions which produced prolonged phototoxicity, deep ulceration, cicatrization, and other deformities. Repeated daily gavaged doses of 20 mg psoralen/kg body weight in conjunction with twice weekly irradiation for 10 min with UVA elicited an erythematous phototoxic reaction, but did not give rise to subsequent skin lesions. 8-MOP in repeated daily gavage doses of 30 mg and 40 mg/kg body weight combined with twice weekly UVA irradiation for 10 min caused severe burning with subsequent scarring, but did not induce malignant tumors in experiments lasting lasting 8 months. No organ toxicity was seen except for toxic liver changes when severe cutaneous burn and pronounced ulcerations were produced. Limited immunologic studies disclosed no abnormalities in this system.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Antibodies to nucleic acids in myasthenia gravis.

An increased frequency of antibodies to native DNA, thymocytes, and striated muscle was found in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). The prevalence of such antibodies lends considerable support to the concept of MG as an autoimmune disorder and militates in favor of major abnormalities in the thymic dependent immune system. There was no correlation between serum-blocking activity to acetylcholine receptor protein and antibodies to thymocytes.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1976

Fractionation of cells on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Study of subpopulations of human T cells using anti-T-cell antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) had a decrease in a subpopulation of cells (fraction D) when peripheral blood lymphocytes were separated on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Preincubation of SLE cells at 37 degrees C for 30 min led to a marked decrease in this fraction, composed primarily of thymus-derived (T) cells. Supernates of such preincubations were found to cause a reduction in fraction D cells from normal humans. The active factor in the supernate was found to be an IgG antibody. Similarly, serum from patients with active SLE produced a reduction in fraction D cells from normal donors. This activity was also found in the IgG fraction, and could be absorbed with a pure T-cell population. Depletion of macrophages and complement did not reduce the SLE anti-T-cell antibody-mediated loss of cells from fraction D; however, heat-aggregated human gamma globulin led to impairment of the reaction. These findings suggest that antibody-dependent direct lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity may play a role in T-cell lymphopenia of SLE. It was further noted that the SLE anti-T-cell antibodies, in contrast to rabbit antihuman thymocyte serum, recognized fraction D cells but not fraction E cells from normals. Since both fractions are largely T cells, it appeared that the SLE serum was directed against cell-membrane antigenic determinants present on fraction D T cells, which were absent or reduced in quantity on fraction E T cells. Thus, evidence was presented indicating the presence of at least two subpopulations of cells in man. This was supported by differential absorption of the anti-T-cell sera with fractions D and E.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1976

Study of lymphocyte subpopulations in normal humans and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by fractionation of peripheral blood lymphocytes on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes of thirty normal volunteers and fifty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were fractionated using a discontinuous (5-30 percent) Ficoll gradient. Such fractionation permitted the isolation, identification of study of null cells, T cells and B cells. Patients with inactive SLE were found to have a cell distribution and responsiveness to PHA, Con A and Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) similar to controls. In contrast, patients with active SLE showed a significant decrease in T-cell fractions as well as a relative increase in null cells, a normal distribution of B cells, a marked reduction in responsiveness to Con A, a lesser reduction to PHA and only a minor reduction to PWM. With increasing disease activity, the number of null cells increased despite lymphopenia. Spontaneous lymphocyte transformation was observed in patients with SLE. This occurred predominantly in the fractions enriched in B cells and was observed both early (0-16 hr) and late (68-72 hr) in the lymphocyte cultures. The method of discontinuous Ficoll gradients is both versatile and reproducible with good correlations between isolated lymphoid subpopulations and disease activity.

B-Lymphocytes↗