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Biomedical subjects

W Geiger

Publications and source records attributed to W Geiger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The effect of combination chemotherapy on ovarian, hypothalamic and pituitary function in patients with breast cancer.

Treatment of breast cancer by combination therapy induced luteal insufficiency, anovulatory cycles and sometimes hypergonadotropic amenorrhea in premenopausal women with previously normal mentrual cycles and ovarian function. In chemotherapy induced amenorrhea 17 beta-estradiol levels were those found in ovarectomised or postmenopausal women. Chemotherapy affected the ovary itself and not the hypothalamus or pituitary, the negative feedback mechanisms remaining intact. The ovary of perimenopausal patients was much more sensitive to cytotoxic drugs; following a short time chemotherapy hypergonadotropic amenorrhea invariably developed and the ovary seemed to be again the prime site of action. Postmenopausal patients continued to have physiologically high LH and FSH plasma concentrations and low plasma levels of prolactin and 17 beta-estradiol under cytotoxic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Abnormal gonadothrophin secretion in children with chronic renal failure.

LH and FSH response to intravenous injection of GnRH was evaluated in a group of patients with chronic renal failure on intermittent haemodialysis and in two children with successful renal transplant. Basal plasma LH was elevated in children with chronic renal failure as compared to control, and significantly increased following GnRH injection in most of the children. Basal plasma FSH was higher than in the control group, and slightly increased after GnRH. These data suggest an abnormal response to GnRH in chronic renal failure and an involvement of hypothalamus and pituitary in chronic renal disease. The role of abnormal gonadotrophin secretion in growth retardation and pubertal delay of these children is still not well understood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Ovarian function and vegetative complaints after hysterectomy in normally cycling women (author's transl)].

The assessment of the hormonal cycle after hysterectomy by means of radioimmunological determination of FSH, LH, Progesterone and Estradiol-17beta in serum and BBT-measurement revealed no obvious difference to a corresponding control-group of preclimacteric and climacteric women. The vegetative climacteric syndrome is much more frequently connected with the stable hypergonadotropic type than with the fluctuating hypergonadotropic or normogonadotropic type. Within the last two groups there is no correlation between vegetative complaints and the exent of ovarian function.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Hormonal status of women after hysterectomy compared with controls (author's transl)].

Plasma-FSH, -LH, -Estradiol-17beta, and -Progesterone were determined weekly in women aged between 28 and 43 years who had been hysterectomized 5-10 years before. The endocrine parameters were compared with those of women with a normal cycle and two groups of premenopausal women, the one showing a fixed hypergonadotropic state, the other slightly elevated but still cyclic fluctuations of FSH and normal LH values. After hysterectomy, normal ovulatory cycles were found in all women of up to 40 years, in 75% of those between 41 and 45 years and in 50% of those beyond 46 years. The average age of women with fluctuating or fixed hypergonadotropism was 2 years less in the hysterectomiced group. Thus, a certain acceleration of ovarian insufficiency caused by hysterectomy cannot be denied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Hormonal pattern in premenopauseal cycles (author's transl)].

By serial determinations of plasma LH, FSH, progesterone and estradiol-17beta as well as total gonadotropines, total estrogens and pregnanediol in 24 h urine samples it was possible to classify 19 cycles of premenopauseal women, aged 44-50 years, into two groups. The first group showed ovulatory cycles with partially shortened hyperthermic phases in the basal body temperature curves, slightly elevated levels of FSH and diminuished estradiol-17beta, pregnanediol and progesterone concentration, indicating the beginning insufficiency of the ovarian function. The second group was characterized by several times above normal elevated FSH and somewhat less elevated LH levels significantly lowered estradiol-17beta and only basal progesterone and pregnanediol concentrations. The ovulatory transitional cycles explicated a nearly normal fluctuation pattern which was completely abolished in the anovulatory cycles.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The influence of the prolactin inhibitor bromocriptin (CB 154) on human luteal function in vivo.

Five volunteers with normal ovarian cycles received oral doses of 2 X 2.5 mg or 3 X 2.5 mg bromocriptin (CB 154)/day respectively. The treatment started at the onset of menstruation and lasted on complete cycle. In addition to the decrease of prolactin secretion, a reduction of plasma progesterone concentrations during the corpus luteum phase was demonstrated. This fall of progesterone seemed to be preferentially due to bromocriptin-induced hypoprolactinaemia and not to direct ovarian effects of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Pattern of gonadotropins and ovarian steroids during the menstrual cycle in adolescence (author's transl)].

Serial determinations of FSH, LH, estradiol-17 beta and progesterone in plasma and of total gonadotropins, total estrogens and pregnanediol in urine were performed in 10 adolescent girls between 15 and 19 years of age. Two types of menstrual cycles could be distinguished. The first type is characterized by a nearly normal pattern of FSH, while a preovulatory rise of estradiol-17 beta and an LH-peak is still missing. Only few days prior to menstrual bleeding a small rise of estradiol and progesterone in plasma as well as of estrogens and pregnanediol in urine can be seen, being equivalent to a short luteinization of the follicle without ovulation taking place. The second type already shows all criteria of a regular ovulatory cycle. However the plasma level of LH, estradiol and progesterone and the excretion of estrogens and pregnanediol are still below the average values of control cycles of adult women. On the basis of the hormonal pattern and a shortened luteal phase, a relative insufficiency of this type of cycles is still evident. These studies demonstrate, that the cyclic ovarian function postmenarchial develops gradually and that the onset of ovulation is a marked step in this development. This process of maturition, which is due to the gradual development of the positive feedback of estrogens on the release of LH by the pituitary gland, allows to distinguish in adolescence between cycles before and after maturition of the feed-back mechanism in the ANS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effect of alpha-MSH on plasma levels of LH, FSH, progesterone and cortisol during the corpus luteum phase of the menstrual cycle.

In healthy women (21-28 years) the influence of synthetic alpha-MSH upon the peripheral plasms levels of LH, FSH, progesterone and cortisol was determined during the corpus luteum phase of the menstrual cycle. As controls 3 women were given 6 intravenous infusions of 250 ml NaCl; 4 women received a total of 18 intravenous infusions of 5-20 mg alpha-MSH from 9.00 to 11.00 a.m. on the 5th and 7th hyperthermic day of the menstrual cycle. The blood levels of the hormones were usually followed for 24 h, and in two cases for 48 h. During and after the control as well as the experimental infusions with 5-20 mg alpha-MSH, no significant changes in the plasma concentrations of LH, FSH and progesterone were found. The cortisol concentrations, however, showed on the average a 2-fold increase over the initial values during the infusion of 5 mg and 10 mg alpha-MSH. During the control infusions they were not enhanced. One experiment was conducted with 20 mg alpha-MSH. The increase in the plasma cortisol levels following alpha-MSH administration generally seemed to be dose dependent, but statistically no significant differences regarding the increase in cortisol level could be detected between the 5 mg and 10 mg doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Estrogens.

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Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1975

Successful treatment of mastodynia with the prolactin inhibitor bromocryptine (CB 154).

Mastodynia has previously been treated with gestagens or gestagen-based ovulation inhibitors with only marginal success. No other satisfactory therapy was available and in the search for a better treatment, the effectiveness of long term administration of the prolactin inhibitor bromocryptine (CB 154) to 15 patients was evaluated. Five of the subjects exhibited mammary secretion as well as mastodynia which, accorind to palpatorial, cytological and X-ray criteria, was not caused by intraductal pathology. After two to four weeks treatment with 5 mg CB 154 per day ten patients recovered fully, three showed some improvement and two were totally resistant to the treatment. Plasma prolactin levels during the follicular stage measured prior to treatment were in the normal range. All the patients continued to ovulate during the course of treatment despite the irrefutable fact that prolactin release from the pituitary was inhibited. Since there was a similar inhibition of prolactin secretion in the two patients who were resistant to treatment, it would seem that prolactin though probably very important, cannot be the only decisive factor in the hormonal control of mystodynia. Further observations showed that the premenstrual syndrome can also be successfully treated with CB 154. Upon withdrawal of treatment the possibility or relapse must be considered.

Adult↗