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Biomedical subjects

W Gaus

Publications and source records attributed to W Gaus.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Double-blind trial comparing the effectiveness of the homeopathic preparation Galphimia potentiation D6, Galphimia dilution 10(-6) and placebo on pollinosis.

The preparation of homeopathic drugs is based on potentiation. In this potentiation the primary substance is specially mixed with a carrier (typically 90% ethanol) in the ratio 1:10. Usually this potentiation is done repeatedly and the final drug is labeled, e.g., "D6" which means a 6 times decimal potentiation. In a controlled randomized strictly double-blind trial with 164 patients the effectiveness of homeopathically prepared Galphimia D6, a conventional Galphimia dilution 10(-6) and a placebo was investigated for the therapy of pollinosis. The average duration of treatment was about 5 weeks. Although no statistical significance was achieved, it is remarkable that there was a clear trend for the superiority of Galphimia D6 while the Galphimia dilution 10(-6) was about equally effective compared with placebo. The study itself demonstrates that it is possible to do strictly controlled trials for homeopathic drugs and with medical practitioners.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Influence of a barrier filter on tear film breakup time].

In 30 healthy volunteers the tear-film break-up times of both eyes were determined, comparing one eye with a cut-off filter (customarily used in fluorescein angiography (Schott OG 530, thickness 3 mm] with the common method, not using this filter, in the other eye. By using the filter the variance of observed break-up times is decreased, and the time elapsing after the administration of the dye no longer influences the break-up time significantly. The filter described here is therefore recommended for determining the tear-film break-up time.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Pollinosis therapy with Galphimia glauca].

Until now the therapy of pollinosis with Galphimia glauca was based on individual experience. We performed a randomized, controlled, multicenter, and double-blind clinical trial to verify the effectiveness of the Galphimia glauca D4 therapy of patients with pollinosis. The average time of observation was 51/2 weeks. Galphimia was found to be more effective than placebo at a 1% level of significance. Therapeutic success was given in 34/41 (= 83%) of the patients with Galphimia and in 21/45 (= 47%) of the control patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The evaluation of serial measurements of the NK cell activity in man.

Studies on the NK cell activity require extensive controls because it is known that a series of variables can influence both the quality of effector cells and of target cells. This known variation of the susceptibility to lysis in one target cell line or even in sublines requires "standards", if separately performed experiments should be compared. In some laboratories, the experiments have been controlled for the variation of the target cell's susceptibility to lysis; others control for the differences of NK cell activities among subjects or for the variation of the NK cell activity in individuals from day to day. Each of these methods concentrates the main point of control to a particular variable. To demonstrate the power of several variables in relation to an induced and expected variation of the NK cell activity, we describe in this paper the results of a factorial analysis of variance testing PB-MNC from healthy donors against two target cells. The in vitro treatment of PB-MNC by IFN was chosen as induced variation of NK cell activity. As variables of the system, we defined subjects, days, target cells, and the effect of IFN. It is shown that the induced variable (IFN-treatment) counts for the most powerful variance component (32% of the total variance). Other large variance components are the differences of NK cell activities among subjects (20%), the day to day variation of the subjects' NK cell activities (13%), and the day to day variation of the susceptibility of target cells to lysis (13%). Since it is almost impossible to control for all variables in an experiment, some variables have to be selected which should be controlled for. The quantification of the variables, which is possible by a factorial analysis of variance, is useful for that purpose. This method of data analysis allows to estimate further the relevance of a particular expected effect if several variables, as in NK cell tests, influence the result of the experiment.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Factors influencing the variability of tear film break-up time].

Tear film break-up time was measured on 6 consecutive workdays in 6 subjects without eye disease selected at random. The reasons for the wide range of scatter in the values measured were investigated by variance component estimation. It was found that intraindividual variance is by far the most important factor influencing the overall variance of the measured values. Therefore, caution is called for when judging the stability of the precorneal tear film by the tear film break-up time in healthy individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Blood clotting factor XIII substitution in acute leukaemia: result of a randomized and controlled study].

A randomized and controlled study was undertaken to test whether substitution with factor XIII concentrates influences the clinical course in patients with acute leukaemia and acquired factor XIII deficiency (less than or equal to 60%). A control group of 31 patients was compared with a factor XIII-treated group of 29 patients. Partial factor XIII deficiency was successfully corrected by substitution. On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between the two patient groups in the frequency and severity of bleeding complications, transfusion requirements, and the number of remissions. Undesirable side-effects as a result of substitution treatment were not observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Adjuvant 5-fluorouracil and BCNU chemotherapy in gastric cancer: 3-year results.

One hundred-three patients with a potentially curative operation of a histologically proven gastric cancer were randomly assigned to a control and chemotherapy group after stratification according to tumor stage II and III. Chemotherapy courses with 5-fluorouracil (10 mg/kg/day) and BCNU (40 mg/m2/day) for 5 days were administered eight times in 6-8 week intervals. Age, sex, and tumor location were matched in the chemotherapy and control groups. Five patients declined treatment after randomization. Three years after initiating the study, the tumor has recurred in 38 of the 103 patients. There were 21 recurrences of 54 controls and 14 recurrences of 44 patients who received chemotherapy, and 17 and ten deaths, respectively, due to tumor relapse. The results of our study to data show a high degree of statistical probability that adjuvant chemotherapy with the regime used has no influence on the recurrence-free interval and survival time in gastric cancer.

Carmustine↗
PubMed1981

[Spontaneous closure of isolated ventricular septal defect: incidence and course (author's transl)].

Between 1971 and 1978 the diagnosis of isolated ventricular septal defect was made in 149 patients. Most of these defects were small. In the majority of cases the diagnosis was made clinically. Spontaneous closure was assumed when, all other cardiac findings being normal, the heart murmur had disappeared. This took place in 50 of the 149 cases (34%) during the period of observation. Closure rate was independent of sex and birth rate, but related to size of defect and age of patient at time of diagnosis. Closure rate was 53% for small defects, 15% for larger ones. Because of the limited period of observation the reported spontaneous closure rate is less than the true one, estimated at 70-75% up to the age of nine years.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Risk factors for infections of the oropharynx and the respiratory tract in patients with acute leukemia.

The pathogenicity of microorganisms isolated by surveillance cultures, the neutrophil count in the peripheral blood, and the interaction of the two factors were analyzed as risk factors for infections of the oropharynx and the respiratory tract in patients with acute leukemia being treated in strict reverse isolation under antimicrobial modulation. A statistical method was developed for the identification of bacteria, the presence of which was correlated with an increased risk of infection. A significantly increased risk was found mainly for species of Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Pseudomonas. The degree of neutropenia was significantly correlated with the risk of infection, which was influenced by the microbiologic state of the oropharynx. Thus, patients with gram negative bacilli had significantly more days with infection at all levels of neutropenia than patients without gram-negative bacilli. These two risks factors were additive but did not potentiate each other.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[Thyroid function in premature infants of different gestational age during the first month of life (author's transl)].

To assess the function of the thyroid gland in premature infants of different gestational ages during the first month of life we determined simultaneously TSH, T4, T3, and rT3 serum concentrations in 116 preterm infants (gestational ages 31st to 38th week) during each of the first 30 days of life. The serum concentrations of TSH, T3, and rT3 changed significantly during this period. The TSH and rT3 values were highly increased on the first day and decreased thereafter. The T3 values, however, increased significantly during this period. During the first month of life the T4 values remained roughly unchanged independent of the age of the children. There was no significant influence on serum concentrations of thyroid hormones by gestational age. The 65 preterm infants with adaptational disorders showed no difference in their patterns of TSH and thyroid gland activity during the first month of life compared with 51 healthy premature infants. From the 4th to the 6h day of life -- a recommended period for the screening of congenital hypothyroidism -- the differences of TSH values measured were insignificant (16-18 muU/ml). The T4 values on these days remained all above 6.8 microgram/dl.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Differential blood counts from cell concentrates. A comparison with routine differential blood counts.

Two methods have been compared through performing differential blood counts: the routine blood count (routine count = RC) and blood counts from films after concentrating white blood cells (cell concentrate = CC). Normal persons were examined and patients with leukocytes less than 1,000/microliter of peripheral blood. The correlation coefficient between RC and CC is higher for more frequent cell types and lower for less frequent cell types. It is concluded that the preparation of CC is simple and reproducible, and that the time-saving CC method for performing differential blood counts from patients with severe leukopenia may be a worthwhile addition to routine laboratory methods.

Humans↗