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Biomedical subjects

W F Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to W F Taylor.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Chondrosarcoma: a clinicopathologic and statistical analysis.

The case histories and tissue sections from 280 patients with chondrosarcoma of the bones of the limbs, limb girdles, and spinal column were studied retrospectively, and the findings were correlated with survival by actuarial methods. One hundred thirty patients with no prior treatment who underwent curative surgery were studied separately. Size and histologic grade of tumor were the most significant prognostic factors. Control of the primary lesion was found to be of critical importance; local recurrence adversely affected survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Anti-EBV serologic tests for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Sixty-three serum specimens from American patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were examined for antibodies to antigens associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and compared with 98 specimens from patients with other head and neck cancers, 133 from patients with benign head and neck diseases, and 96 from healthy donors. The level of antibody titers to EBV-associated antigens was correlated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The anti-EBV profile of elevated antibody titers directed against viral capsid antigen and early antigen was seen in undifferentiated and nonkeratinizing tumors but usually not in squamous cell tumors. Titers tended to rise with large increases in total tumor burden caused by distant metastases, often before clinical evidence of metastases. At the time of diagnosis, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity testing was performed on serum samples from 46 of the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Pretreatment titers were usually low in patients in whom recurrence developed and were high in most of the patients who had a good response to treatment and have remained free of recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cholecystectomy and gastric ulcer--an etiologic relationship?

To determine whether cholecystectomy might be a factor predisposing to gastric ulceration, we evaluated the frequency of prior cholecystectomy in the 181 residents of Rochester, Minnesota, who had gastric ulcer diagnosed at the Mayo Clinic during the 10-year-period from 1966 to 1975. This frequency was similar to that in a control population from the same city, matched for age, sex, and time of registration at the Mayo Clinic. This was also true for subgroups of benign gastric ulcer. However, the frequency of prior cholecystectomy was higher in patients with type 1 ulcer than in those with type 2 or 3 ulcer, probably as a result of the relative predominance of older women in the type 1 ulcer group. These data do not support the hypothesis that cholecystectomy may be harmful in predisposing to gastric ulceration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Radiotherapy of intracranial astrocytomas: analysis of 417 cases treated from 1960 through 1969.

In a review of 417 intracranial astrocytomas treated radiotherapeutically at the Mayo Clinic from 1960 through 1969, the well-known correlation of tumor grade with survival was verified. Totally unexpected was the finding that age was fully as important a discriminant as tumor grade. Another unexpected finding was that patients treated with biopsy only followed by radiation therapy did as well as or slightly better than those subjected to resection followed by postoperative radiotherapy. We could not verify the importance to survival of either large dose or large volume radiotherapy, which has been emphasized by some. Patients receiving less than 1400 rets did just as well as or slightly better than those receiving more than 1400 rets. With low grade astrocytomas, survival beyond 4 years was significantly worse (higher death rates) in the group receiving more than 1400 rets. This suggested the possibility of radiation damage with delayed manifestations. We also could not verify an increased effectiveness for the generally accepted use of total brain irradiation for high grade gliomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Pulmonary vasculitis complicating childhood ulcerative colitis.

A case of pulmonary vasculitis complicating ulcerative colitis is presented, and the literature is reviewed. Unexplained pulmonary problems complicating severe ulcerative colitis should prompt a review of rare etiologies to include pulmonary vasculitis, apical pulmonary fibrosis, and salicylazosulfapyridine-induced lung disease. Lung biopsy will establish a diagnosis of pulmonary vasculitis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Leptomeningeal myeloma.

Multiple myeloma commonly produces neurologic symptoms when it involves the cranium or vertebrae, but rarely invades the CNS or meninges. Intracranial or intraspinal myeloma without lesions in the adjacent bone is extremely rare. To our knowledge, there are only ten reported cases of isolated myeloma in dura and/or brain, and only two limited to the leptomeninges. We wish to report the third case of isolated leptomeningeal myeloma. Both myeloma cells and abnormal globulins were present in the CSF, but absent from serum and bone marrow. Analysis of these 13 cases in dura, brain, or leptomeninges strongly supports the concept that abnormal proteins do not reach the CSF from the serum but are produced by myeloma cells in situ.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

A prospective randomized study of the efficacy of routine elective lymphadenectomy in management of malignant melanoma. Preliminary results.

To determine whether immediate or delayed lymphadenectomy is more beneficial than none in cases of localized (stage I) melanoma, we undertook in 1972 a prospective randomized study. Patients with midline trunk lesions were excluded as well as patients with lesions situated directly over the node-bearing area. In addition, because of the low risk of metastasis, the protocol was changed to exclude level 2 lesions. Of the 173 patients studied, 63 were randomized to no lymphadenectomy, 56 to delayed (3 months) lymphadenectomy, and 54 to immediate lymphadenectomy. None of these regimens differed significantly from the others in its effect on length of survival or interval to metastasis. And of the 110 patients who underwent elective lymphadenectomy, 103 were without nodal involvement. Our preliminary conclusion is that elective node dissection is not beneficial in management of melanoma. However, disease progression was advanced significantly by age of the patient (greater than 60 years) and by invasiveness (level 4 or 5) and thickness (greater than 1.5 mm) of the melanoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A prospective study of immune responsiveness in human melanoma. I. Assessment of initial pretreatment status with stage of disease.

The clinical findings in 262 patients with melanoma were correlated with an assessment of their cellular-mediated immunity by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin tests, by lymphocyte blastogenesis, and by leukocyte enumerations. Patients with systemic metastases (stage IV) and those with evidence of tumor burden had fewer positive DTH reactions for recall antigens than did patients with localized disease (stage I), patients with no evidence of tumor burden, and 227 normal controls. However, no differences were found in the magnitude of response among patients with melanoma or when compared with controls. Patients with melanoma had fewer responses to dinitrochlorobenzene (40% than did controls (98%), but there were no differences by stage or tumor burden. Similarly, blastogenesis in the presence of PHA, Con A, and PWM was depressed when compared with controls, but there was no meaningful correlation with the clinical status. Leukocyte, T cell, or B cell counts revealed no alteration from normal for the patients with melanoma. The usefulness of these studies for routine clinical monitoring is questioned.

Dinitrochlorobenzene↗
PubMed1978

Pulmonary function studies in healthy Pakistani adults.

Predicted normal spirometric values have been shown to have significant geographical and ethnic variation. These variations are of epidemiological significance in determining the prevalence of disease and of clinical importance in measuring the effects on pulmonary function of various diseases. A total of 599 men were chosen from employees of a package manufacturer, a general hospital in Lahore, and a village in northern Pakistan; 94 students and staff of a women's college in Lahore were also studied. The forced vital capacity (FVC) was recorded from three satisfactory efforts, and the FVC, one second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and maximal midexpiratory flow (MMF, or FEF25-75%) were calculated from the best FVC effort. The FVC and FEV1 in men were found to be similar to those of a group of emigrant Pakistanis and a north-western Indian population (Delhi) but higher than populations in south and eastern India. Pakistani women had values similar to those of women in northern India. None of the women smoked and, among Pakistani men, the smokers (285) averaged 6.7 pack years. While the FVC and FEV1 values did not differ between smokers and non-smokers, there was a significant difference in MMF (FEF25-75%) in the two groups. This latter finding corroborates studies on North American populations in which smokers generally have had a higher lifelong cigarette consumption. This confirms the MMF (FEF25-75%) to be a more sensitive test of subtle, asymptomatic changes in pulmonary function than the more widely used FVC and FEV1.

Adult↗