Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Erdmann

Publications and source records attributed to W Erdmann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Electrophysiologic evidence for involvement of the pituitary region in opiate analgesia.

In the past, various reports have discussed the relationship between the pituitary and analgesia. The purpose of the present study was to explore the possible role of the pituitary region in the mediation of pain by opioids. Tooth pulp evoked potentials recorded from primary somatosensory cortex and from the pituitary region of rabbits were recorded before and after an injection of opiates. Tooth pulp evoked potentials recorded from the primary somatosensory cortex were markedly inhibited after admission of fentanyl, while the tooth pulp evoked potentials recorded from the pituitary region were facilitated. It is concluded that the pituitary region plays a role in the mediation of pain and that this area is involved in the mechanism of opiate analgesia.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1984

Relief of cancer pain in man: alcohol-induced neuroadenolysis vs. electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland.

To explore new methods for the control of intractable pain caused by advanced cancer, the analgesic effect of electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland was investigated in 25 patients. The results were compared with a control study and with the effects of alcohol-induced pituitary neuroadenolysis (NALP) in the same patients. The pain score (0: no pain at all, 4: extreme pain) in the control study was 3.88 +/- 0.33. After electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland it was 1.24 +/- 1.61; and after NALP it was 1.0 +/- 1.60. The pain scores after electrical stimulation and NALP were significantly lower (P less than 0.01) than those in the control study; but there was no significant difference when the two were compared with each other. The duration of pain relief following NALP (59.65 +/- 68.72 days) was significantly longer compared with that recorded following electrical stimulation (2.97 +/- 2.58 days). Autopsy examinations of 3 patients who expired from their malignancies revealed that the pain relief was unrelated to the degree of necrosis induced in the pituitary by alcohol. Naloxone administration did not inhibit the analgesic effect of either NALP or electrical stimulation. The advantages and disadvantages of electrical stimulation, the pain relief mechanism activated by this method, and potential clinical applications are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mechanism of neuroadenolysis of the pituitary for cancer pain control.

Several theories have been advanced to explain how neuroadenolysis of the pituitary (NALP) relieves cancer pain. Interference with hormonal regulation, interruption of pain pathways and a compensatory overproduction of brain endorphins have been proposed. The purpose of the present experimental study is to determine whether neuronal activity of the pituitary gland, as related to the primary somatosensory cortex (PSC), may be involved in the pain perception pathway influenced by NALP, using EEG and tooth pulp evoked potentials (TPEPs). Pituitary activity showed a high voltage slow activity which slowed after alcohol injection into the sella turcica. When naloxone was injected after NALP, a rhythmic high voltage activity appeared in the pituitary gland. After NALP, the TPEP recorded from the PSC disappeared, while NALP induced an increase in the amplitude of the TPEP in the pituitary gland. An injection of naloxone severely decreased this response in the pituitary gland, in contrast to changes in the PSC where the original response reappeared after an injection of naloxone. Our hypothesis is that an increase of TPEPs (hyperactivity) in the pituitary gland is produced after alcohol wounding (wounding effect), leading to a decrease of pain response in the sensory cortex (decrease of TPEPs). This wound effect may be influenced by endorphins, because naloxone, a specific antagonist of opiate receptors, reversed the changes in TPEPs in both places.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1984

Fluorocarbons and the microcirculation.

A short discussion of oxygen transport and delivery by fluorocarbon containing blood substitutes is presented. Those physical properties of the preparations that would tend to cause improvement in oxygenation in areas of damaged or impeded microcirculation are also discussed. A number of studies carried out at the Erasmus University, Rotterdam have demonstrated certain important characteristics of fluorocarbons with respect to tissue oxygenation. In the first instance, it has been demonstrated that extracorporal perfusion with Fluosol-DA 20% can maintain oxygenation and viability of isolated extremities for periods of up to 48 hours. Secondly it has been shown that the preparation can indeed penetrate compromised capillary beds, its low viscosity enabling it to travel along collateral perfusion pathways and to provide oxygenation of areas of ischaemic hypoxia. The low particle of the emulsion may, in combination with the low viscosity of the product, contribute to the re-establishment of perfusion in areas of circulatory arrest. The clinical implications of the above findings are numerous and wide spread. The importance of Fluosol in maintaining and improving micro-circulatory oxygenation should not be underestimated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Local chemotherapy of bladder carcinoma with mitomycin (author's transl)].

40 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, stage Tis, Ta und Tl, were treated by a topical cytostatica-therapy with Mitomycin C (MMC) after transurethral resection of the bladder in order to investigate: 1. The curative influence on the carcinoma in situ, 2. the prevention of tumor cell implantations. After an average observation time of up to the 23.4 months this concept of therapy seems to be promising because of clearly reduced recurrence rate and the lack of systemic toxicity. MMC absorption studies with 19 patients, partly with reflux and TUR-caused perforation of the bladder, showed that MMC instillation therapy (20 mg MMC in 40 ml NaCl) immediately after resection does not result inn systemically toxic serum concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Advances in transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma (author's transl)].

Improved technical conditions and progress in the standardization of staging with consistent consideration of the pathohistological grading have produced conditions which allow to adapt the transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma to the principles of tumor surgery. Therefore a prospect of cure in spite of avoiding mutilating measures can be offered to the patient with low T-category of the tumor. Precondition is the consequent application of a strict resection strategy which is adapted to the tumor and provides exact statements of the area of tumor spread and its infiltration. In a period of 5 years 207 patients with stage T3--T3 tumors were treated primarily by means of differentiated, several times repeated TUR. The corrected 3 years survival rate of altogether 146 patients was 96% for stage Ta, 70% for stage T1, 54% for T2 and 48% for T3. Proceeding from our own results the methodology, indications and limitations of the transurethral resection technique are outlined and progressive measures discussed.

Electrosurgery↗
PubMed1981

Pharmacodynamics and reversal of benzodiazepine-ketamine ataranalgesia.

We describe the combined use of ketamine with benzodiazepines, which produces a state of ataranalgesia. From our investigation of the combination of ketamine with three such drugs--diazepam, flunitrazepam and midazolam--we conclude that the ketamine-midazolam sequence is the best combination in terms of preservation of physiological homeostasis and recovery time. In addition, we describe the reversal of ketamine-diazepam ataranalgesia by the new cholinergic agonist, 4-aminopyridine.

Aminopyridines↗