Biomedical subjects

W El Haggan

Publications and source records attributed to W El Haggan.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

The evolution of weight and body composition in renal transplant recipients: Two-year longitudinal study.

UNLABELLED: Previous series have reported weight gain after kidney transplantation. However few studies have investigated the body composition after kidney transplantation, particularly during longitudinal follow-up. In this prospective study, we assessed the changes in body composition after kidney transplantation. We also analyzed the effect of steroid withdrawal from the immunosuppressive regimen on weight gain and body composition. METHODS: Thirty-eight cadaveric kidney transplant recipients were followed for 2 years posttransplant. Total and segmental body composition were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at the time of transplantation as well as 3, 6, 12, and 24 months later. RESULTS: In 28 patients (group A), prednisone was stopped by month 6, whereas, in 10 patients (group B), it was continued throughout the study. In the overall patient group, there were no significant changes in body weight. However, a trend to increased weight was observed in group B. In this group, patients showed an early increase in total body fat with a central accumulation of fat mass that was maintained during the follow-up period. On the other hand, total lean mass increased significantly in group A but did not change significantly in group B. CONCLUSION: In summary, overall the group showed no major changes in body weight during the 2 years after transplantation. Steroid withdrawal in kidney transplant recipients may have a significant positive effect on body composition.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗

PubMed2005

Pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in kidney transplant patients receiving sirolimus versus cyclosporine.

INTRODUCTION: Mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetics exhibit large variability in transplant recipients and may be altered due to concurrent immunosuppressants. Little is known about the influence of sirolimus (SRL) on MPA pharmacokinetics in kidney transplant patients. METHODS: We studied the areas under concentration-time curves (AUC) for MPA in 15 patients receiving immunosuppression combining SRL with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The pharmacokinetic measurements were performed in all patients using three MMF dosing regimens (0.5 g twice a day, 0.75 g twice a day, 1 g twice a day). Similar blood AUC profiles were also sampled from 12 patients treated with a fixed dose of MMF 1 g twice a day and cyclosporine (CsA). MPA was measured using HPLC; the AUC0-12 of MPA was determined by the trapezoidal method using four sampling time points: C0, C1, C3, C5. RESULTS: While patients on SRL were receiving 0.75 g MMF twice a day, mean AUC0-12 and C0 values of MPA were comparable to those of patients receiving CsA and 1 g MMF twice a day (54.1 +/- 17.6 and 3 +/- 1.87 vs 51.7 +/- 16.7 mg.h/L and 2.76 +/- 1.57 mg/L, respectively). On the other hand, 0.5 g MMF twice a day with SRL therapy resulted in AUC0-12 and C0 values of MPA of 32.3 +/- 12.6 mg.h/L and 2.32 +/- 1.72 mg/L, respectively, whereas, 1 g MMF twice a day with SRL resulted in AUC0-12 and C0 values of MPA of 70.9 +/- 19.3 mg.h/L and 4.7 +/- 2.44 mg/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that MPA exposure in the presence of SRL is higher than that with CsA. It appears that the MMF dose should be reduced to 0.75 g twice a day in patients receiving SRL to obtain AUC0-12 of MPA levels comparable to that in patients treated with CsA and MMF 1 g twice a day.

Area Under Curve↗

PubMed2000

No change of hyperleptinemia despite a decrease in insulin concentration in patients with chronic renal failure on a supplemented very low protein diet.

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is often accompanied by hyperleptinemia caused by deficient renal metabolism of leptin and possibly increased leptin production, which in turn may result from the hyperinsulinemia and increased proinflammatory cytokine levels in patients with CRF. The hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance observed in patients with CRF improve on supplemented very low protein diets (SVLPDs). The goal of our study is to determine whether the correction of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in patients with CRF by SVLPDs is accompanied by improvement in hyperleptinemia. Thirteen patients were studied before and 1 year after following SVLPDs providing 0.3 g/kg/d of protein, supplemented with amino acids and ketoanalogues. After 1 year, patients showed markedly less hyperinsulinemia (7.4 +/- 1.6 versus 13.8 +/- 2 microU/mL at the start of diet; P: = 0.05) and insulin resistance, whereas serum leptin levels remained unchanged (16.1 +/- 4.7 versus 19.1 +/- 7.4 ng/mL at start of the study; P: = not significant). The initial correlation between serum leptin level and percentage of body fat persisted during follow-up. No correlation was found between insulin and leptin levels or between the variation of these two parameters during the study. Our study shows that the correction of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in patients with CRF by SVLPDs is not accompanied by improvement in hyperleptinemia, which consequently does not appear to result from changes in carbohydrate metabolism.

Dietary Proteins↗