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Biomedical subjects

W Eiermann

Publications and source records attributed to W Eiermann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Risk factors for breast cancer and their use in early detection. Results of a case control study].

Doubtful and established breast cancer risk factors were checked in a case/control study. Multivariate analysis with the logistical regression approach resulted in a usable separation of the cases from the controls on the basis of the five dichotimized variables: age at birth of first child, family history, Quetelet index, breast complaints, and a behavior score. On the basis of probability, the risk patterns were summarized in six risk categories, and a maximum 70-fold risk was thus established. The proportion of incidence represented by the risk groups was then estimated from distribution in the control group. Approx. 5% of new cases originate in 30% of the female population aged under 30, but approx. 51% originate in a mere 10%. Hence it is logical to use risk factors for early detection based on risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Use of Gd-DTPA in the nuclear magnetic resonance study of the breast].

55 patients with altogether 60 breast masses have been examined postoperatively by plain MR, MR with Gd-DTPA and mammography at our institution. All breast carcinomas and fibroadenomas did enhance significantly. Non-proliferative dysplasia, normal breast tissue and scar tissue did not enhance significantly. Borderline enhancement has been found in cases of proliferative dysplasia. The diagnostic accuracy has been improved by MR with Gd-DTPA. Advantages have been an improved visualization of tumors in dense breasts, an improved differentiation between irregular dysplasia and carcinoma and an improved differentiation between post-therapeutic changes (after radiation, surgery or silicon implants) and carcinoma. Nevertheless both technical improvements and further clinical experience is necessary.

Breast↗
PubMed1985

[Puncture cytology of the breast: correlation of visual and image analysis studies with hormone receptor status].

It is possible to predict to some extent the hormone receptor status of carcinomas of the breast via cytomorphology of fine needle biopsy specimens. In most cases the cytologically highly differentiated carcinomas are receptor-positive and the poorly differentiated ones receptor-negative if the cases are arranged in the sequence of increasing conspicuousness of cellular criteria of malignancy. Since visual microscopic examination is subjective by nature, quantification was carried out by means of high-resolution image analysis using Pappenheim stained slides. The quantitative image analysis grading system basing on this method proved to be even more efficient than visual diagnosis.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear spin tomography in breast diagnosis].

The authors report about their preliminary experience with MRI in the diagnosis of breast disease. 50 breast masses in 41 consecutive patients have been evaluated by MRI and mammography, some of which have been evaluated by ultrasound, as well. All masses have consequently been biopsied. They include 32 carcinomas, 1 secondary malignant lymphoma, 4 fibroadenomas, 2 papillomas, 3 cysts, 1 hamartoma and 5 dysplastic nodules. Advantages and disadvantages of MRI of the breast are discussed. Possible future indications are suggested for selected cases.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1985

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in breast cancer diagnosis--present status and future outlook].

Due to its high soft tissue contrast MR appears particularly well suited for the examination of the breast. However, it was only after the development of breast coils and the concomitant improvement of the image quality that examinations regarding the potentials of MR in breast cancer diagnosis became interesting. Thus, MR of the breast is still in the initial stage. First results indicate that at present the expected tissue differentiation by MR parameters T1, T2 ...) is not possible MR proved nevertheless advantageous for selected cases. Further research is necessary.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Steroid receptors in malignant melanomas].

Epidemiological and experimental investigations have led to the hypothesis that the growth of malignant melanoma is induced by hormones. The demonstration of free-hormone binding sites in melanoma tissue may help to determine the validity of this hypothesis, as receptors are necessary for the transformation of hormonal action. The DCC assay with subsequent saturation analysis was used for the demonstration of specific cytoplasmatic binding sites of steroid hormones. The presence of free-cytosolic estrogen-, progesterone- and glucocorticosteroid receptors was investigated in 50 melanoma samples from 46 patients. In 20 of the 50 specimens, free estrogen and progesterone receptors were found. Free-glucocorticosteroid receptors we found in 10 cases. The use of four fold-labeled estradiol (2,4,6,7-[3]-17 beta-estradiol) in the DCC assay produced a false-positive demonstration of free-estrogen receptors. Tyrosinase hydroxylates estradiol at the C2 level of the steroid. Using fourfold labeled estradiol, tritium is separated at the C2 position, thus forming radioactive water in the cytosol which mimics high, free-estrogen binding sites. The use of twofold-labeled estradiol or L-dopa in the experiments with fourfold labeled estradiol produced no false-positive determinations of estrogen receptors. The demonstration of receptors in malignant melanomas was unaffected by the sex of the patient. Also, the type of malignant melanoma, the invasion level, and the prognostic index did not show a correlation with the presence of the various hormone receptors. In metastases, free steroid hormone receptors were detected less often than in the primary tumor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

17 alpha-Propylmesterolone (SH 434): an antiandrogenic sebosuppressive substance not influencing circulating testosterone concentrations. Experimental studies in Syrian hamsters.

17 alpha-Propylmesterolone is a new synthetic 5 alpha-reduced steroid with a propyl group in C-17 position and a methyl group in the A ring. The antiandrogenic action of 17 alpha-propylmesterolone on the sebaceous glands, testes weights and plasma testosterone concentrations were examined in the animal model of the Syrian hamster. The substance was given systemically (3, 5 or 10 mg/kg) and topically (3 or 5 mg/kg). 17 alpha-propylmesterolone reduced both sebaceous gland size and sebogenesis significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The topical administration was more effective than the systemic treatment. There was no influence of 17 alpha-propylmesterolone on testosterone concentration in plasma or testes weights although a diminished capacity or absence of free cytoplasmatic androgen receptor sites was detected in the sebaceous glands of the systematically or topically treated Syrian hamster. 17 alpha-Propylmesterolone exerts a potent topical sebosuppressive effect in the animal model. These findings should give rise to human studies and clinical trials.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

Sensitivity and optimal performance in steroid receptor analysis.

The application of various mathematical models for the identification of binding parameters in steroid receptor studies is discussed. In contrast to the usual statistical error considerations a deterministic error analysis based on the Euclidian norm and condition numbers is included. The predicted sensitivity behaviour with respect to data scattering is in good agreement with the experimental results.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors of the female breast using single photon emission computed tomography with 99mTc-DTPA].

31 patients with suspicious findings on mammographic films were examined preoperatively by single photon emission computed tomography. A scintigraphic study was performed at 30 and 120 min after i.v. administration of 370 MBq (10 mCi) 99mTc-DTPA. The radionuclide accumulation in both breasts was analyzed quantitatively on transaxial slices using the ROI-technique. In benign lesions (n = 12) as well as in carcinomas (n = 19), an increased 99mTc-DTPA accumulation was found as compared to clinically and radiographically unaffected sides. A radionuclide accumulation exceeding 20% of the contralateral side was considered to indicate malignancy. Thus the sensitivity in diagnosing malignant tumours was 74%, the specificity 64% and the accuracy 70%. In contrast to studies with planar scintigraphic imaging techniques the results clearly show an increased 99mTc-DTPA uptake even in benign breast lesions.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Cutaneous coumarin necrosis of the breast].

In a 62-year-old female patient petechial haemorrhages of the right breast were observed after the 4th day of treatment with phenprocoumon. Within a few hours large cutaneous necroses developed. Histology showed lymphocytic vasculitis with vessel wall destruction and erythrocytic extravasates as well as necrobiotic changes of the middle and lower corium. High-dosage treatment with prednisolone was started after withdrawal of phenprocoumon. Progression of the necrosis to the left breast could be prevented. However, necrosis of the haemorrhagic area of the right breast could not be arrested. Aetiology and pathomechanisms of coumarin-induced necrosis have to date not been ascertained. Allergic precipitating mechanisms probably were of no importance in our patient.

4-Hydroxycoumarins↗
PubMed1983

Steroid hormone receptors and their relevance for sebum production in the sebaceous gland ear model of the Syrian hamster.

We determined the capacity of steroid hormone receptors in the sebaceous glands of intact nontreated, castrated, with testosterone substituted castrated male, intact female, and intact with testosterone substituted female animals using the animal ear model of the Syrian hamster. The steroid hormone binding capacity was compared with the sebaceous gland areas and sebogenesis. Intact male animals showed large sebaceous follicles, a high sebogenesis rate, and high capacity for sexual hormone binding proteins. In castrated males, the sebaceous gland areas and sebogenesis were both diminished, and androgen and estrogen receptors were decreased. When the castrated males were substituted with testosterone propionate, the sebaceous glands showed large volumes, high sebum production, and androgen binding activity again. In female animals having small sebaceous follicles and a low rate of sebogenesis, testosterone propionate enlarged the sebaceous glands and increased sebogenesis and the capacity of androgen binding. One can conclude from these data that testosterone is not only the main hormone for sebum production but also induces the synthesis of its own receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Caesarean hysterectomy or tubal coagulation following caesarean section--a comparison].

From 1973 to 1982 a total of 99 Caesarean hysterectomies and 105 Caesarean sections with subsequent tubal coagulation were performed. This represents 6.5% and 6.9%, respectively, of all Caesarean sections. After excluding the emergency cases, 86 planned Caesarean hysterectomies and 99 Caesarean sections combined with tubal coagulation remained. Statistical evaluation showed that the postoperative course was more favourable and less febrile with Caesarean hysterectomy than with tubal coagulation after Caesarean section. The somewhat greater loss of blood after hysterectomy is practically without any sequel. Hysterectomy saves the patient from subsequent uterine diseases, ascending infections, menstrual anaemias, problems of hygiene, etc. Caesarean hysterectomy appears to be the method of choice if surgical sterilisation is deemed appropriate besides performing the Caesarean section; if the patient has been informed of the operation in detail; if the patient feels no emotional ties towards the uterus; if there has been ample opportunity to think things over calmly; and if the surgeon is really skilled in performing hysterectomy.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of mammography and automated sonography in 700 patients].

700 patients underwent routinely x-ray mammography and breast ultrasound with an automated grey-scale breast scanner. The parenchymal pattern of the ultrasound B-scan was morphological identical to the x-ray film. The echogram gave further informations about the topographic localisation of pathologic lesions to the chest wall including the pectoral muscles. The sonogram was of no value in 10 percent due to diffuse reflection of the breast. In cystic disease the diagnostic accuracy of the ultrasound was with about 100 percent superior to that of x-ray mammography. On the contrary the accuracy of the x-ray mammography was higher than that of ultrasound in the diagnosis of benign or malignant solids. Benign adenoma smaller than 1 cm could not be definetively recognised as carcinoma of this size. The diagnostic accuracy of the sonogram was 70 percent by 40 histologically proved carcinomas. The only use of the automated scanner in the diagnostics of the breast seams to be not justified, even not as a screening method, especially because small tumors with good prognosis are not recognized, however, the ultrasound gives additional important informations in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the female breast.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1982

Incorporation of N-ethylmaleimide into the membrane-bound ADP/ATP translocator. Isolation of the protein labeled with N-[3H]ethylmaleimide.

The incorporation of N-ethylmaleimide into the 30,000-Mr component of beef-heart mitochondria has been studied as a function of various ligands to the ADP/ATP carrier and the isolation of the N-ethylmaleimide-labeled protein is reported. 1. The incorporation of N-ethylmaleimide into the 30,000-Mr component is specifically stimulated by ADP and ATP. Thus by differential incorporation of N-ethylmaleimide, the 30,000-Mr component is preferentially labeled. 2. Addition of carboxyatractylate inhibits, whereas bongkrekate tolerates, the incorporation of N-ethylmaleimide. 3. After solubilization by Triton the purification of N-ethylmaleimide-labeled protein is facilitated in the presence of bongkrekate but not of carboxyatractylate, in agreement with the postulated existence of only a bongkrekate-N-ethylmaleimide-protein complex. The labeled protein was purified to homogeneity on hydroxyapatite in Triton and subsequently, after denaturation in dodecylsulfate, on Sepharose 6B. 4. The identify of the isolated labeled protein with the formerly isolated bongkrekate-protein or carboxyatractylate-protein complexes is confirmed by the isoelectric point and amino acid composition. 5. Two moles of N-ethylmaleimide must be incorporated into the 30,000-Mr component in order to inhibit fully the binding of one mole carboxyatractylate. This corresponds to one -SH group per unit.

Animals↗