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Biomedical subjects

W E Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to W E Wilson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Drug-induced thrombocytopenia is associated with increased binding of IgG to platelets both in vivo and in vitro.

Thrombocytopenia is a common serious adverse effect of drug treatment. A variety of in vitro diagnostic techniques to confirm the diagnosis are available, but the majority lack sufficient sensitivity to detect all cases of drug-induced thrombocytopenia. We studied 19 patients with suspected drug-induced thrombocytopenia and demonstrated that platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) was elevated in all at the time of thrombocytopenia, and PAIgG returned to normal levels as the thrombocytopenia resolved. In the majority of patients, the platelet count rapidly returned to normal after the drug was discontinued; however, in six patients, the thrombocytopenia persisted well beyond the period of time that the offending drug would be expected to be cleared from the blood. In 13 patients, serum obtained after recovery was used to identify the drug responsible for the thrombocytopenia in an in vitro assay. In all cases, the addition of the drug historically associated with the thrombocytopenic episode was associated with an increased binding of IgG to control platelets. For uncertain reasons, the concentration of drug required to increase the in vitro binding of IgG to test platelets was often more than the concentration usually achieved in vivo. Wider application of these techniques may provide better understanding of the clinical characteristics and mechanisms responsible for drug-induce thrombocytopenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Chronic myeloid leukaemia: evidence for basophil differentiation and histamine synthesis from cultured peripheral blood cells.

We have attempted to assess basophil differentiation in vitro in 15 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Using a sensitive radioassay, whole blood histamine values were found to be elevated in 10 of 14 patients tested, and correlated well with peripheral blood basophil counts (r=¿70). In seven of nine CML patients, but not in controls, total histamine content of separated peripheral blood cells suspended in a modified Marbrook system was shown to rise after 7 d in vitro. Further study showed that both histamine (mean, five-fold increase) and basophils (mean, three-fold increase) were significantly elevated over control values at 1, 2 and 3 weeks in vitro. Total cell-associated histamine content (in pg per 100 viable cells) was greater in CML cultures than in controls at 3 weeks (P less than 0.01). Serial cultures of cells from one patient revealed substantial in vitro rises in basophils and histamine at an accelerated, but not at a chronic, phase of disease. Cells from this patient and two others studied at the time of blast crisis demonstrated higher indices of basophil and histamine increases when compared to the group of CML patients in chronic phases of the disease (P less than 0.05). We conclude that basophil precursors exist in increased numbers in the peripheral blood of CML patients. Assays for basophil differentiation may prove useful in following disease activity in this and other myeloproliferative disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Transport and fate of gaseous pollutants associated with the National Energy Program.

The experimental evidence related to the long-range transport and transformations of sulfates has been critically reviewed. It has been concluded that sulfate emissions from various sources can be superimposed on each other during long-range transport to create episodes far from the contributing sources. Sulfates are important contributors to degrading visibility through the United States including relatively pristine areas in the western United States. Acid sulfate components, along with nitric acid, may increase the problem of acidity in precipitation on soils, vegetation, and lakes in certain areas of the eastern United States. Improvements in monitoring of these pollutants are required to follow changes in air quality caused by long-range transport.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1979

Brain regional levels of neurotransmitter amines as neurochemical correlates of sex-specific ontogenesis in the rat.

Brain regional levels of three neurotransmitter amines - serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) - were measured in young rats prior to weaning to determine the extent to which modifications in levels of amines might reflect alterations in the sex steroid hormonal environment during the first postnatal week in the life of the rat. Sex-related levels of DA, NE, and 5-HT were found in some brain regions of the 12-day-old rat. Male midbrain DA exceeded the corresponding female value while female hypothalamic NE levels were greater than those of the male. Levels of 5-HT in the corpus striatum and the midbrain of males were greater than those of the female. Castration of the male on day 1 or testosterone propionate (TP) administration to the newborn female resulted in modifications of levels of midbrain 5-HT which reflected feminization of the castrated males and masculinization of the TP-treated females. Castration on day 1, or diethylstilbestrol given on days 2, 4, and 6, resulted in apparent feminization of NE levels in the hypothalamus of 12-day-old male rats. Thus, it appears that regional levels of hypothalamic NE and midbrain 5-HT in the 12-day-old rat may reflect the course of brain organizational activity which becomes recognizable in the adult as sex-specific behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Gas gangrene complicating limb trauma.

A consecutive series of 18 patients with clostridial myonecrosis has been reviewed. The two deaths were attributed to other causes. A treatment regimen including repeated debridement and excision of all non-viable tissue, and therapeutic antibiotics is outlined. Hyperbaric oxygenation has been omitted from our treatment program.

Clindamycin↗
PubMed1973

Black participation.

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Black or African American↗