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Biomedical subjects

W E Scott

Publications and source records attributed to W E Scott.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Curved ruler for measurement along the surface of the globe.

A curved ruler for measurement along the surface of the globe has been designed to measure the arc instead of the cord measurement. The ruler is especially helpful when one is doing large recessions and posterior fixation of the recti muscles (Faden operation).

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Fluorescein iris angiography. I. Normal pattern.

Fluorescein iris angiography was performed in 42 normal blue or green human eyes to investigate the normal angiographic pattern and in vivo circulation of the iris. Brown irides were unsuitable for the angiography because the brown pigment masked fluorescence. The pattern in the iris was much more complex than in the retina when seen on fluorescein angiography, with interindividual variations in its filling, and these physiological variations may erroneously be considered pathological. Radial arteries of the iris filled rather sluggishly and the circulation in the pupillary and peripupillary region was often much slower than in the peripheral part of the iris. Various segments of the iris usually filled in an irregular order. There was no distinct venous phase, but it merged with the arteriovenous phase. The pupillary region of the iris between the collarette (which contained a fragmented and incomplete minor circle of vessels) and the pupillary margin contained a dense plexus of capillaries. The normal vessels usually showed no fluorescein leakage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Fluorescein iris angiography. II. Disturbances in iris circulation following strabismus operation on the various recti.

Iris circulation was investigated by fluorescein iris angiography in 33 human eyes before and after tenotomy of one or more recti for correction of strabismus. Tenotomy of one or both horizontal recti produced no appreciable circulatory disturbance in the iris, but tenotomy of superior or inferior rectus produced circulatory delay in superior temporal or inferior temporal sectors, respectively, of the iris. When tenotomies of a horizontal and one or two vertical recti were combined, the defect occurred in the region of the vertical rectus only. Blood supply of the nasal half of the iris was usually not disturbed by tenotomy of the vertical and/or medial rectus. The findings indicate that the blood supply of the iris is segmental and suggest that, in strabismus surgery, cutting the two vertical recti along with the lateral rectus may subject the eye to the risk of anterior segment ischemia. In the light of the present findings, physiological anatomy of the blood supply of the iris and role of the major arterial circle of the iris are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous: roto-extraction and other surgical experience.

We discuss nine cases of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous seen recently, including mode of presentation, management and postsurgical follow-up. Emphasis is placed on early operative intervention in order to preserve the globe, as well as to prevent irremedial stimulus deprivation amblyopia. The advantages of roto-extraction in the surgical approach to this entity are considered, and the difficulties of postoperative visual rehabilitation are also discussed.

Contact Lenses↗
PubMed1977

Isolated inferior oblique paresis.

The clinical features of eight patients with inferior oblique palsy are described and the differential diagnosis discussed. Six of the eight patients were treated by unilateral superior oblique tenotomy; the conditions of all six improved postoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Isolation of the glucuronic acid conjugate of n-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl from dog urine and its mutagenic activity.

The glucuronic acid conjugate of N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl (NOH-4-ABP) has been isolated in relatively pure form from the urine of dogs given 4-aminobiphenyl, utilizing molecular size, ion exchange, adsorption, and partition chromatography. This conjugate is an active mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1538 and TA98 but not in TA1535 or TA1537. NOH-4-ABP and 4-nitrosobiphenyl are also highly active in TA1538 and TA98 and inactive in TA1535 and TA1537. These observations support the concept that this conjugate is the water-soluble carrier that delivers the active metabolite to the bladder. A substance of identical chromatographic and spectral properties to the conjugate isolated from dog urine has been synthesized in low yield by the direct condensation of NOH-4-ABP with glucuronic acid. This substance yields NOH-4-ABP on dilute acid hydrolysis. Sodium (N-4-biphenylhydroxylamino-beta-D-glucopyranosid) uronate, the N-O-C isomer, was also synthesized. It was found to have differing chromatographic and chemical properties to the natural conjugate. This evidence suggests that the urinary conjugate is the compound in which conjugation has occurred with the nitrogen atom of the hydroxylamine group rather than the oxygen atom.

Aminobiphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed1976

Oribital floor fractures: a retrospective study.

A retrospective series of 365 orbital floor fractures was studied and many variables were analyzed. Some type of ocular or orbital adnexal damage was present in 32% of the patients. After a repair procedure there was a low incidence of decreased visual acuity, and there were no implant extrusions. Late enophthalmost and diplopia were found to be related to the type of orbital floor damage. The comminuted floor fractures and fractures associated with prolapse of orbital tissue into the maxillary antrum were more prone to demonstrate these late sequelae. Despite various surgical procedures there was a 19% incidence of late diplopia and an 11% incidence of late enophthalmos.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Superior oblique tenotomy: indications and complications.

Two series of patients who had superior oblique tenotomies either alone or in combination with horizontal muscle surgery were evaluated, and the results and complications were analyzed. The effect of bilateral superior oblique tenotomies in downgaze correlated well with the previously reported series. In these two series, the effects in primary and upgaze also were evaluated. An average effect of 12 prism diopters eso-shift was found to occur in primary position, while no eso- or exo-shift was found in upgaze. Operative indications and contradictions, when followed carefully, make predictable the effectiveness of the operation in collapsing an A pattern. The reported unequal effects on superior oblique action were not observed in any of the patients studied. In no instance in these series was there a worsening of preexisting hypertropia or development of a new one. Transient sheathlike Brown's syndrome occurred postoperatively in some patients in the early series, but this problem was reduced by the instillation of steroid suspensions. V patterns developed postoperatively in 20 percent of the cases in the first series and in 9 percent in the second series. There was approximately a one-in-three chance that the inferior oblique muscle would become slightly to moderately overactive postoperatively. The incidence of this complication will be reduced significantly or eliminated by careful case selection to choose only those patients who have slightly underactive inferior oblique muscles preoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Horizontal saccadic velocities in Duane's syndrome.

Horizontal ocular saccadic velocities were measured by electro-oculography in 33 patients with Duane's syndrome. In 28 patients with limited abduction associated with retraction on adduction (Type 1), abduction saccadic velocity was markedly reduced while adduct-on saccades were moderately slow. In three patients with exotropia and good abduction but associated limited adduction and retraction on adduction (Type 2), abduction velocity was good, while adduction saccadic speed was slow. In two patients with limited abduction and adduction with retraction on adduction (Type 3), abduction and adduction saccadic velocity was appreciably slow. Ocular electromyographic testing selected patients indicated that slow abduction saccades could be explained by absence of lateral rectus muscle recruitment, while slow adduction saccadic speed could be explained by paradoxical innervation of the lateral rectus muscle.

Duane Retraction Syndrome↗