Biomedical subjects

W E Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to W E Roberts.

129 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetic ketoacidosis complicating pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: This report describes the physiologic alterations that predispose pregnant women to diabetic ketoacidosis and the experience in a tertiary center after adoption of aggressive management of diabetics. STUDY DESIGN: In 1982 a protocol for strict surveillance of glucose homeostasis for pregnant diabetic patients and the early recognition and aggressive treatment of patients who do have diabetic ketoacidosis was initiated and has resulted in improved maternal and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS: From 1986 through 1991 the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis was 3% compared with an incidence of 22% from 1976 to 1981. During this same time the incidence of fetal death associated with diabetic ketoacidosis decreased from 35% to 10%. CONCLUSION: Diabetic ketoacidosis and fetal morbidity/mortality can be reduced by aggressive management during pregnancy.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of intra-amniotic (15S)-15-methyl-PGF2 alpha and intravaginal prostaglandin E2 for second-trimester uterine evacuation.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy, safety, and side effects of intra-amniotic (15S)-15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha (15-M-PGF2 alpha) and intravaginal prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) for midtrimester uterine evacuation. STUDY DESIGN: Ninety-three patients underwent therapeutic midtrimester pregnancy termination by the use of laminaria placement and intra-amniotic injection of 15-M-PGF2 alpha. A matched control group underwent uterine evacuation by laminaria placement and insertion of PGE2 intravaginal suppositories. The main outcomes studied were time to delivery, side effects, and complications. RESULTS: The 15-M-PGF2 alpha group had a shorter time to delivery (12.3 +/- 6.4 hours) compared with the PGE2 group (16.2 +/- 6.6 hours, p < 0.0001). The evacuation rate over time was significantly greater in the 15-M-PGF2 alpha group (p = 0.001). The PGE2 group had a significantly higher incidence of side effects. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intra-amniotic 15-M-PGF2 alpha for therapeutic second-trimester pregnancy termination is safe and is associated with a more rapid evacuation of the uterus and fewer side effects than intravaginal PGF2 suppositories.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of callus and bonding on strains in bone surrounding an implant under bending.

Descriptions of the healing and adaptation of endosseous implants have been provided; however, their effects on mechanical parameters such as maximum and minimum principal strains, strain energy density, and maximum shear strain have not been addressed. Three linear, elastic, and partially anisotropic finite element models were generated to simulate the immediate postoperative period, time of provisional loading, and long-term adaptation of bone surrounding implants. In each model, unbonded and bonded interface conditions were imposed. Bone geometry was estimated from dental implants placed in femurs of hounds. A lateral load was applied and the mechanical parameters were calculated. Interface bonding decreased the peak minimum principal strain 2.6 to 6.4 fold, while the presence of a callus reduced it 3 to 7 fold. These data document the critical stabilizing roles of callus and bond formation.

Animals↗