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Biomedical subjects

W Dock

Publications and source records attributed to W Dock.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The value of mammography in patients up to the age of 35].

The use of mammography in young women is under debate. In this prospective study of 220 women aged up to 35 years, the indications for mammography were compared with the final diagnosis. In this way, an attempt was made to define the signs and symptoms that justify mammography in this age group. The results show that mammography is indicated only in the presence of palpable lumps. All other signs or symptoms should not be investigated by means of ionising radiation in this particular age bracket.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Value of supine thoracic radiography in the diagnosis and quantification of pleural effusions: comparison with sonography].

The purpose of this prospective study was to verify the value of the supine chest radiograph with regard to the recognition and quantification of pleural effusions. The findings of supine chest radiographs were compared to those of chest sonography in a total of 320 pleural cavities. The correct identification and quantification of a pleural effusion was possible by supine chest radiograph alone in only 55% of cases (176/320). In 20% (64/320) supine chest x-ray was falsely negative and in 15% (48/320) falsely positive. In 10% an existing effusion was in fact recognised on supine chest x-ray; however the amount of effusion was wrongly estimated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Percutaneous transluminal implantation of the Günther cava filter: experience based on 22 patients].

During the last three years, Günther cava filters were implanted in 20/22 patients. The indications for the procedure were single pulmonary emboli in 4, recurrent pulmonary emboli in 6 and pelvic vein thromboses with free thrombus but without pulmonary emboli in 12. In 2 patients implantation of the cava filter could not be carried out because of low position of the renal veins. 15 patients were re-examined 2 weeks to 20 months after the introduction of the filter. In no cases was there clinical evidence of recurrent pulmonary emboli. Occlusion of the inferior vena cava was demonstrated in 1 patient and downward displacement of the cava filter in 6 patients. Perforation of at least one prong of the filter through the wall of the inferior vena cava could be recognized in 4 patients. In 1 patient there was fracture of one leg of the filter but this was clinically not apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Tumor vascularization: assessment with duplex sonography.

In this prospective study, the authors examined 123 patients with benign or malignant neoplasms (breast cancer, n = 44; liver neoplasms, n = 43; and tumors affecting other organs, n = 36) to establish general criteria for evaluation of neoplastic lesions by means of duplex sonography. The frequency shifts determined by means of different Doppler frequencies (2.31 or 3.75 MHz) were converted into flow velocities. Only the highest systolic peak flow velocity obtained from a lesion was used for statistical evaluation. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that a flow velocity of 0.4 m/sec is the optimal threshold value with which to differentiate benign from malignant tumors. The data obtained in all lesions indicated that only positive findings are potentially reliable. It is concluded that negative results of sonography should not be used to diagnose the presence of a benign lesion. The resistive index of the tumors was of negligible importance.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1990

[Sonography of the skeletal muscles using high-frequency ultrasound probes].

8 musculi graciles of human cadavers were examined sonographically by means of high-frequency ultrasound probes (10 MHz) to evaluate the echo texture of skeletal muscles. It could be shown that the smallest structures of skeletal muscles that may be differentiated sonographically are the primary bundles. In addition, 100 patients with clinically suspected muscular trauma and 8 patients with neuromuscular diseases were examined via high-frequency ultrasound probes (10 or 7.5 MHz). The typical signs of muscle tears and neuromuscular diseases in relation to normal sonomorphology are discussed. The special value of the method in these indications is emphasised.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Neuromuscular diseases: evaluation with high-frequency sonography.

Forty-four patients with clinically suspected neuromuscular disease and 12 healthy volunteers underwent high-frequency ultrasound examination of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and biceps brachii muscles, and the number of perimysial septa was determined. These numbers and muscle/soft-tissue ratios of the lower extremity were compared. Findings were correlated with results of muscle biopsy in all patients with suspected disease. Using the number of perimysial septa in the lower extremity, the authors found significant differences between the muscles of healthy volunteers and those of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophies, other muscular dystrophies, and spinal muscular atrophies: The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that an average of 12 perimysial septa within 1 cm of muscle is the ideal cutoff value to differentiate subjects without morphologic changes from those with pathologic findings. The authors conclude that this measurement is useful for differentiation of neuromuscular diseases and may be a noninvasive, reproducible means with which to evaluate disease progression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Excretory urography: comparison of the ionic contrast medium amidotrezoic acid with the non-ionic contrast medium iohexol].

The contrast media diatrizoic acid and iohexol were compared in a randomized double-blind study on the basis of 100 excretory urograms. It was found that side effects are less frequent under the non ionic contrast medium than under the ionic agent, the difference being statistically significant at the level alpha = 0.05. No statistically significant difference was recognizable concerning the overall quality of the urograms.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of liver trauma: ultrasound versus computed tomography].

This study used 14 of our own patients and a review of the literature in order to determine the value of CT and sonography for investigating injuries to the liver. It appears that CT, with a sensitivity of 0.93, has a somewhat higher accuracy than sonography, which has a sensitivity of 0.83. We were also able to observe typical changes in the appearances, depending on the interval since the injury. Fresh injuries appeared as isodense or mildly hypodense areas, together with variable hyperdense portions on CT. Subsequently these areas become increasingly hypodense and may evolve into cystic lesions. Sonographically, recent injuries of the liver show echo-rich, non-homogeneous lesions which may contain smaller echo-free portions. Older lesions become increasingly devoid of echoes and become increasingly demarcated from normal liver parenchyma.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1989

[Small parietal thrombi in artificial bypass grafts].

During the last five years, 51 femoro-popliteal polytetrafluoroethylene grafts were implanted in patients in the Second Surgical University Clinic, Vienna. In four of these patients an angiogram performed shortly after operation showed numerous small parietal thrombi on the artificial graft, a review of the literature has not shown any similar reports. The clinical importance and consequences of this observation are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of pelvic fractures: synoptic views of the pelvis versus CT].

An attempt has been made, using 21 patients with pelvic fractures, to determine the circumstances in which plain films provide adequate information and when additional information can be obtained by CT. It was found that in all cases of acetabular fractures the diagnosis could be suspected on plain films, but that it proved impossible to demonstrate accurately the position of fragments, the degree of dislocation or the presence of intra-articular bone fragments. These problems could be solved by using CT. In patients with injury to the sacro-iliac joints or of the sacrum, the extent of the injury and the degree of pelvic instability was better shown by CT. All other bony lesions, such as fractures of the ilium, pubis, ischium or the symphysis could be diagnosed adequately by simple radiographs.

Fractures, Bone↗
PubMed1989

[Percutaneous embolization of retroperitoneal hemorrhages in pelvic fractures].

Pelvic fractures may lead to severe retroperitoneal bleeding. Percutaneous catheter embolisation has become an increasingly important therapeutic alternative to surgical intervention. Most studies dealing with this problem have been small and we have attempted to evaluate the method on the basis of our own experience and a review of the literature. The success rate of percutaneous embolisation appears to be about 94%. The use of blood transfusion dropped from an average of 25.7 units before embolisation to an average of 6.5 units after embolisation. In spite of this, mortality in these patients remains high at 43.3% because of the serious additional injuries. The advantages and disadvantages of various embolising materials are discussed and various techniques of percutaneous embolisation are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A modified laser system for laser angioplasty using a sapphire tip].

This study deals with 26 patients on whom successful laser angioplasty of peripheral vascular occlusions had been carried out, using an Nd-YAG high energy laser system (100 watts) with a sapphire point. The technical requirements are presented and the primary success and complication rates in our material are discussed.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗
PubMed1989

[Intraoperative ultrasound of the pancreas in hyperinsulinism].

In four cases of hyperinsulinism proven clinically and by blood chemistry the value of intraoperative sonography of the pancreas is emphasized. An insulinoma could be localized preoperatively in two patients. In one of these two cases intraoperative sonography detected additional insulinomas. In the remaining two patients the negative preoperative examinations and surgical palpation was confirmed by using this method: diffuse islet cell hyperplasia was the final diagnosis in both cases.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Intrathoracic splenosis].

Intrathoracic splenosis is an unusual event after diaphragmatic and splenic rupture, which causes intrathoracic mass lesions. It results from spontaneous autotransplantation of splenic tissue to serous surfaces. On chest X-rays, three different radiological appearances were distinguished: pulmonary mass lesions, pleural lesions and mediastinal tumors. Since the radiological appearance is nonspecific, a diagnosis may only be suspected together with the characteristic anamnesis. In those case scintigraphy should be performed because this method may verify the diagnosis. Here we report the radiological and clinical appearances of this entity by one of our own and 13 well-documented cases in the literature.

Adult↗