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Biomedical subjects

W D Wilcox

Publications and source records attributed to W D Wilcox.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Immunogenicity of tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine administered with buffer and oral polio vaccine.

Between January and November 1989, we studied 174 infants aged 6 to 16 weeks in a randomized clinical trial to (1) determine the immunogenicity of a single dose of tetravalent rhesus rotavirus vaccine (RRV-TV) when administered with three different buffer regimens: no antacid buffer and small-volume (2.5-mL) and large-volume (30-mL) antacid buffer; and (2) examine the potential interference of RRV-TV on the immune response to oral polio vaccine. Immunogenicity of RRV-TV, measured as a fourfold rise in antibody titers to rotavirus, was similar in the groups receiving small- and large-dose buffer (45% and 49%, respectively) and significantly less in the group that received RRV-TV alone (23%). Administration of RRV-TV with oral polio vaccine did not significantly interfere with the neutralization response of oral polio vaccine poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, or 3, and overall, 29%, 87%, and 24% of the infants had a fourfold rise in titer to each serotype, respectively.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1991

U.S. residency directors' views of the importances of seven roles that pediatrics residents should master.

Pediatrics residency programs should define and evaluate for their residents and faculty the competencies that residents should acquire during their three years of training. This 1987 survey of 129 pediatrics residency directors sought data about the demographic characteristics of the programs and asked the program directors to what degree they agreed that seven roles (each comprising several competencies) of the general and ambulatory-care pediatrician were essential. There was strong agreement on the seven roles and no demonstrated association between these responses and the residency programs' university affiliations, types of facilities, ages, lengths of training, or geographic locations. The results of this survey may be useful in developing ways to document and evaluate residents' performances and define subspecialty objectives that are consistent with the seven basic roles.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1990

Thyroid hormone replacement and growth of children with subclinical hypothyroidism and diabetes.

Growth potential among people with Type 1 diabetes and subclinical hypothyroidism may be significantly reduced. Growth was evaluated in 25 children with diabetes who had thyromegaly and elevated thyrotrophin (TSH) levels. All patients appeared clinically euthyroid except for four with short stature. Basal growth rate was significantly lower (p less than 0.005) in Group 1 (TSH greater than 50 mU l-1) and Group 2 (TSH level 10.1-50 mU l-1) than in patients with TSH levels between 5 and 10 mU l-1 (Group 3) or control diabetic children. Serum thyroxine (T4) levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) in Group 1 than in Groups 2 or 3. Significant improvement in growth velocity after thyroxine treatment was observed in Group 1 patients compared with those in Groups 2 or 3 (p less than 0.05). More prepubertal test children demonstrated improved growth after beginning thyroxine compared with matched diabetic controls (p less than 0.02). Postpubertal subjects treated with thyroxine did not show significant differences in growth velocity compared with controls. Z-scores for height were not different (p greater than 0.05; ANOVA) between control and test patients for any of the groups. Early detection of subclinical hypothyroidism by thyromegaly, reduced growth velocity, and elevated TSH levels, with institution of thyroxine treatment, can improve growth in prepubertal diabetic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Between the lines.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1989

The cardiovascular abnormalities associated with duplicated segments of chromosome 7.

Congenital heart disease is an integral part of many genetic syndromes such as the major trisomies 13, 18, and 21. Little information, however, is available with reference to the incidence of cardiac anomalies in the trisomy 7 syndromes. Two patients with partial trisomy 7q, one of whom had congenital heart disease, are presented. A review of the literature reveals incomplete description of the cardiovascular abnormalities in the majority of case reports of patients with this syndrome, however, when described it appears that there are no specific defects associated with trisomy 7p and 7q, but only an increased frequency of occurrence. Further clinical and postmortem data regarding details of the congenital heart defects associated with trisomy 7 is required to confirm this preliminary observation.

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7↗
PubMed1989

Failure to thrive. A continuing problem of definition.

The term "failure to thrive" (FTT) has been used for more than 50 years to describe the infant or young child whose growth falls substantially behind that of his or her peers. Currently, the predominant use of FTT is to describe a child's growth failure resulting from caloric or maternal deprivation or both. Despite widespread use, the term FTT lacks a clarified definition. In this study the authors review 22 current reference texts in general pediatrics, pediatric nutrition, and pediatric gastroenterology and 13 recent journal articles addressing FTT. Only 9 of the 22 texts and 9 of the 13 journal articles describe FTT in quantitative terms, but even these references lack consensus on the anthropometric indices used and their criteria for abnormality. The absence of a standard, scientifically credible definition for FTT, which reflects the dynamic nature of this syndrome, continues to produce an ambiguous body of literature on the subject.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1986

Systemic Hemophilus influenzae disease in children. A 10-year retrospective study of an urban hospital population.

A 10-year retrospective study of age-frequency, sites of infection, and pre-existing conditions in 297 children with Hemophilus influenzae (HI) disease seen at Grady Memorial Hospital from 1974 through 1984 is described. The majority of the patients were black (73%) and of lower socioeconomic status and were less than 2 years of age. Manifestations of HI disease were similar to those described in reports from other centers, with meningitis being the most common (56.7%). Epiglottitis was much less common in the present study than is generally reported. The death rate of all patients was 1.8 percent. The results of this study indicate that HI disease continues to be a significant risk in children less than 2 years of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

Direct and indirect blood pressure during exercise.

In 27 subjects, we compared rest and exercise blood pressure (BP) measurements determined directly by catheterization of the radial artery with simultaneous values obtained indirectly by auscultation of the brachial artery. As work increased, the systolic BP increased, whereas the diastolic BP did not change. Considering all comparisons, direct BP was greater than indirect BP by a mean of 29.0 mm Hg for systolic BP and 12.3 mm Hg for diastolic BP. As exercise level increased, the difference between direct and indirect systolic BP decreased whereas the difference between direct and indirect diastolic BP did not change. Both methods have advantages for assessment of BP response to exercise: normality of BP response is best assessed by auscultation, whereas beat-by-beat trends in BP are more accurately defined by the direct method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Anomalous origin of left coronary artery from pulmonary artery in association with intracardiac lesions. Report of two cases.

Two cases are presented to illustrate the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma when an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery occurs with a hemodynamically significant intracardiac lesion. Hemodynamic alterations resulting from the associated intracardiac lesion may obscure the clinical features of the coronary arterial abnormality, and the appearance of normal coronary arterial distribution with left ventricular or aortic root angiography may create a false impression of a normal origin of the coronary arterial supply. A high index of suspicion may be the only lead to the detection of an anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery in association with an intracardiac lesion. In addition to the intracardiac lesion known to be associated with coronary arterial abnormalities, the question of anomalous coronary supply should be raised by the finding of poor left ventricular function or mitral insufficiency after operation (unexplainable by other causes), by the development of poor myocardial function during cardiac catheterization or anesthesia, or by the significant enlargement of a coronary artery seen during left ventriculography or supravalvular aortography.

Aortography↗