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Biomedical subjects

W D Foley

Publications and source records attributed to W D Foley.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Sagittal and coronal image reconstruction: application in pancreatic computed tomography.

The application of coronal and sagittal image reconstruction in the display of the normal pancreas and peripancreatic region is illustrated. The use of standard reproducible reference points for multiplanar reconstruction is suggested. Reconstruction computed tomography displays more anatomic structures in the coronal and sagittal planes than ultrasonography and accurately displays the craniocaudad extent of pancreatic pathology.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Xenon contrast enhancement in computed body tomography.

Xenon has been investigated as a contrast medium for conventional radiography, and in vitro as a contrast medium for computed tomography. The authors evaluated xenon contrast enhancement in vivo for CT body scanning. Nine healthy subjects had CT scans before and during xenon inhalation. Concentrations of xenon used varied from 10--50%. Consistent useful changes in attenuation from inhaled xenon were found in the lung but not in abdominal organs. Lung attenuation varied linearly with the xenon concentration in the inhaled gas. Inhalation of xenon concentrations greater than 30% resulted in side effects. Further studies are required to demonstrate whether xenon contrast enhancement is of diagnostic value in computed tomography.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1977

Parenchymal striations in renal vein thrombosis: arteriographic demonstration.

Arteriographic visualization of parenchymal striation in renal vein thrombosis is reported for the first time. The striations correspond to the location and orientation of the peritubular capillary beds of the renal cortex, which are in linear continuity with the vasa recta of the medulla. Opacification of these vascular structures in a cadaver kidney produced the same striation pattern. One possible physiologic explanation is that renal vein thrombosis causes elevated renal interstitial pressure which slows tubular urine flow. This altered intrarenal state prevents opacification of renal tubular structures while adjacent peritubular vascular structures are opacified, thereby producing a pattern of alternating striation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Gallium citrate Ga 67 scanning: clinical usefulness in lymphoma patients.

Gallium citrate Ga 67 (67Ga) scans were performed in 50 consecutive lymphoma patients who underwent routine staging. The overall accuracy of 67Ga scans was greater than 80% for all nodal sites except the spleen (68%). Sensitivity was greater than 88% in the neck and mediastinum, 67% in the abdomen-pelvis, and 33% for the spleen. Specificity was greater than 85% for all nodal sites except for the mediastinum (67%). The accuracy of pedal lymphangiograms was 75%, sensitivity 87%, and specificity 68%. Gallium 67 scans complemented the lymphogram in the abdomen-pelvis but, due to limited sensitivity and high number of equivocal studies (16%), did not replace it. Infraclavicular, pectoral, and mediastinal lesions were detected by 67Ga scans when missed by other means. In 20% to 25% of patients, 67Ga scans provided information not afforded by other diagnostic studies and are therefore considered an important staging procedure for lymphoma patients.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

Arteriography of renal transplants.

Arteriograms were reviewed in 60 cases of renal transplant dysfunction and correlated with the final diagnosis. Angiographic refinements included selective injections, 2-4X direct magnification, and flow-dependent injection rates. Angiography permitted recognition of common causes of post-transplantation dysfunction, including acute vasomotor nephropathy (AVN), acute refection (AR), chronic rejection, and obstruction of the ureter, renal artery, or renal vein. In 28 patients with AVN or AR who had technically adequate cortical microangiograms, classification was correct in 57%, indeterminate in 36%, and erroneous in 7%. In addition to its diagnostic value, angiography provides some prognostic information in AR, permitting prediction of functional return when the pattern suggests AVN and lack of return when cortical necrosis is indicated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Histological-venographic correlates in portal hypertension.

Magnification hepatic wedge venography and manometry were evaluated in 40 patients with portal hypertension and in 6 normal individuals. Venography (alone or in combination with manometry) generally facilitated prediction of histology in cirrhosis, hepato-venular occlusive disease, periportal fibrosis, congenital hepatic fibrosis, and portal vein obstruction. The magnification wedge venograms demonstrated a number of histological features of cirrhosis that have not previously been described in vivo, including porto-hepatic vein shunts, micro- and macronodular regeneration, and obstructive changes which were more severe in hepatic than in portal veins.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

Control of renal hemorrhage by selective arterial embolization.

An attempt was made to control renal hemorrhage by selective embolization of the renal artery in 7 patients. In 2 patients the bleeding site was single, but in 2 others, several sites of arterial extravasation were present. Two patients had arteriovenous fistulas, and 1 had an unsalvageable, macerated kidney. Six of the 7 patients (86 per cent) were treated successfully. Nephrectomy was avoided in 5. No patient developed hypertension during the follow-up of 4 months to 2 years. Our results in these patients indicate that selective arterial embolization should have an important place in the management of patients with renal trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Real-time ultrasound and pulsed Doppler evaluation of the retroplacental clear area.

The retroplacental clear area is a hypoechoic region at the placental-endometrial interface which is frequently demonstrated with high-resolution equipment. During pulsed Doppler examination of the retroplacental clear area, venous signals were obtained in 26 of 27 cases. This is strong evidence that this region is composed of dilated veins.

Doppler Effect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ablation of liver metastasis: is preoperative imaging sufficiently accurate?

The recent introduction of cryotherapy and radiofrequency ablation of liver metastasis has expanded the indications for treatment. As technology has advanced, a percutaneous approach has been developed. Percutaneous treatment, however, requires accurate preoperative imaging. From 1993 to 1999, 179 patients underwent operative exploration for treatment of suspected hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma. One hundred seventy-seven patients were staged by preoperative CT, two patients were staged by MRI, and complete data were available in 176. Hepatic tumor count by preoperative imaging was compared to intraoperative tumor count obtained by inspection, palpation, ultrasonographic examination using a 3.5/7.5 MHz T probe, and careful gross sectioning of the resected specimen. Post hoc analysis was performed on 35 CT scans by two radiologists who specialize in abdominal CT. These radiologists were blinded to the intraoperative findings. Their interpretations were compared to the intraoperative counts and to each other. Thirty-four (19%) of 179 patients were deemed untreatable at operation because of unsuspected overwhelming liver involvement in 11 (6%) or extrahepatic metastases in 23 (13%). For the group, CT was accurate in 80 patients (45%), showed more lesions than were found in 16 (9%), and showed fewer metastases than were found in 80 (45%). When the preoperative scan predicted a solitary metastasis, it was correct in 45 (65%) of 69 patients and underestimated disease in 24 (35%). In the post hoc analysis, the mean numbers of lesions reported by the two radiologists did not differ from the mean number of tumors found; however, the radiologists' counts agreed on 16 (59%) and disagreed on 11 (41%) of the scans. The accuracy of CT decreased with increasing numbers of lesions. Regardless of the type of preoperative imaging, intraoperative findings altered the course of the operation in 96 (55%) of 176 patients. Preoperative imaging is not sufficiently accurate to permit adequate percutaneous treatment of hepatic metastases from colorectal carcinoma.

Bias↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal computed radiography: evaluation of low-constrast lesions.

Computed radiography has proved useful as a localization device for computed tomography. In an attempt to evaluate computed radiography as a primary diagnostic device, 16 patients were evaluated with various degrees of gallbladder opacification following standard oral cholecystograms, and 15 patients were evaluated with renal masses, identified on standard excretory urography. Subjective evaluation of computed radiographs as compared to the standard radiographs demonstrated no diagnostic advantage to computed radiography. The poor spatial resolution of the computed radiographs was not overcome by the improvement in contrast resolution.

Cholecystography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compression of the right pulmonary artery by aortic aneurysms: CT demonstration.

Two cases are presented in which compression of the right pulmonary artery by thoracic aortic aneurysm was demonstrated using dynamic CT. The patients initially presented with symptoms suggestive of pulmonary embolus and were found to have unilateral absence of perfusion on isotope lung scan. Computed tomography was useful in demonstrating pulmonary artery compression by aortic aneurysm as the cause in both cases, and in demonstrating an aortic dissection in one case.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT detection of aortocaval fistula.

We describe a patient in whom a secondary aortocaval fistula was diagnosed on dynamic CT by noting transient enhancement of the inferior vena cava simultaneously with maximum enhancement of the aorta. This pattern of caval enhancement is contrasted with the gradual increase and subsequent plateauing of caval opacification seen normally.

Aged↗