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Biomedical subjects

W Chase

Publications and source records attributed to W Chase.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Results of a phase-I/II randomized, masked, placebo-controlled trial of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) in the treatment of subjects with active rheumatoid arthritis.

Interleukin-11 (IL-11) is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates the growth and development of hematopoietic stem cells and decreases the proinflammatory mediators of cytokine and nitric oxide production. In animal models of arthritis, treatment with recombinant human IL-11 (rhIL-11) reduces both the level of synovitis and the histologic lesion scores in the joints. The goal of this phase-I/II study in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was to evaluate the safety and clinical activity of different doses and schedules of rhIL-11 in patients with active RA for whom treatment with at least one disease-modifying antirheumatic drug had failed. This was a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trial that evaluated the safety and tolerability of rhIL-11 in 91 patients with active RA. rhIL-11 was administered subcutaneously; patients were randomized into one of five treatment groups (ratio of rhIL-11 to placebo, 4:1). Patients were treated for 12 weeks with either 2.5 or 7.5 microg/kg of rhIL-11 or placebo twice per week or 5 or 15 microg/kg of rhIL-11 or placebo once per week. The status of each subject's disease activity in accordance with the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria was assessed before, during, and after completion of administration of the study drug. Administration of rhIL-11 was well tolerated at all doses and schedules. The most frequent adverse event was a reaction at the injection site. The data suggest a statistically significant reduction in the number of tender joints (P < 0.008) at the 15 microg/kg once-weekly dose schedule but showed no overall significant benefit at the ACR criterion of a 20% response. The trial showed rhIL-11 to be safe and well tolerated at a variety of doses and schedules over a 12-week treatment period in patients with active RA. The only adverse event clearly associated with rhIL-11 administration was reaction at the injection site.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Back pain: treatment and prevention in a community hospital.

Because back pain is a widespread and costly condition that tends to recur, treatment must focus on both the amelioration of acute symptoms and prevention over the long term. This paper reports a longitudinal evaluation of a program from a community hospital that emphasizes both these aspects. One hundred twenty patients routinely admitted to this program were randomly assigned to treatment and control groups. These groups were assessed for differences in demonstrated physical strength, mobility, body mechanics, and self-care knowledge, and in levels of self-reported exercise, anxiety, and pain. There were significant immediate gains on physical measures of fitness and in observed body mechanics; patients also reported significant gains in physical capabilities at home and in leisure activities. Self-care knowledge also improved. When assessed one year later, original gains in physical strength and mobility were being maintained, and self-reported physical capabilities also remained high. Although demonstrated knowledge of correct body mechanics declined over this period, it was still significantly greater than before the program. In light of these results, we believe that outpatient programs like the one reported here merit careful consideration in an era of concern about rising costs for primary health care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Unusual renal biopsy findings in a patient with familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency.

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with significant renal complications. A 16-year-old boy with the typical clinical and laboratory characteristics of this disease had a renal biopsy because of proteinuria and hematuria. The histologic findings were those of membranous glomerulonephritis with very few intracapillar foam cells. Ultrastructural study revealed numerous vacuolated deposits containing irregular profiles of electron-dense membrane-like material predominantly along with the subepithelial aspect of the glomerular basement membranes but also within the basement membranes, the subendothelial space, the mesangium, the capillary lumina, Bowman's capsule, and tubular basement membranes. The unusual aspects of this case are the relative paucity of intraglomerular foam cells and the predominantly subepithelial location of the lipid-like deposits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Quantification of three-dimensional structures.

A mathematical model, based on additive subcomponents of grouping, subitizing and adding, was derived to account for quantification latencies of three-dimensional block arrangements. Subitizing is the process that people use to directly quantify a small number of objects without counting. It was found that most people consistently subitized up to four blocks. With more than four blocks, people resorted to grouping and adding, and the model was able to account for these data. The structural variables of compactness, symmetry, linearity, and planarity were shown to have small effects on quantification latencies relative to the large effect of number of blocks. Of these structural variables, compactness had the largest effect, and in terms of the model, it is suggested that visual structure had its effect on the perceptual grouping subcomponent.

Adolescent↗