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Biomedical subjects

W Carl

Publications and source records attributed to W Carl.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

The cancer patient with severe mucositis.

Oropharyngeal mucositis is a painful, often dose-limiting side effect of both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. To reduce the intensity of pain and prevent systemic infection via the compromised mucosa, agents such as antiseptic mouthwashes, anti-ulcer compounds, sodium bicarbonate, saline, and allopurinol have been traditionally used with limited success. The new agents that show promise are granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). However, best results, dosage, and means of administration still have to be determined. Other agents such as sucralfate, tretinoin, glutamine, and misoprostol are also being tested. The results reported from different testing centers are often contradictory and confusing. Basic requirements in prevention and control of mucositis are good oral hygiene, mechanical débridement of the oral tissues, and hydration.

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor↗
PubMed2000

Behçet's disease: dental and oral soft tissue complications.

Behçet's disease is a chronic, multisystem disorder. It has 3 primary components: recurrent inflammations of the eye, ulcerations of the oral mucous membranes, and ulcerations of the genitalia. Diagnosis of Behçet's disease relies mainly on history taking and clinical manifestations. This article describes the oral soft tissue and dental complications and the prosthetic problems encountered in a young patient. If dentists encounter patients with chronic ocular inflammations and recurrent oral mucous membrane ulcers, the index of suspicion should increase.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Dental extractions after radiation therapy in the head and neck area and hard tissue replacement (HTR) therapy: a preliminary study.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Dental extractions in patients who had radiation therapy for cancer in the head and neck region carry with them the risks of delayed healing, prolonged alveolar bone exposure, infection, and osteoradionecrosis. Among the precautions to minimize these risks are antibiotic coverage, limited extractions at any one time, soft tissue closure, and hyperbaric oxygen treatment. Rapid epithelization and minimal bone exposure are essential after extractions in irradiated patients. PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of hard tissue replacement on head and neck cancer patients who were treated with radiation therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a series of eight patients who had radiation doses from 4000 cGy to 7440 cGy in the head and neck area and who had 44 teeth extracted, hard tissue replacement material mixed with tetracycline powder was placed in the extraction sites. RESULTS: Of the 44 teeth extracted, 19 mandibular molars and premolars were in the direct field of radiation in seven patients. One patient also had 6 mandibular anterior teeth and 12 maxillary teeth extracted that received minimal radiation exposure. One patient had 6 mandibular anterior teeth extracted that were not in the area of direct exposure. One patient had a mandibular first molar extracted in an area that received minimal radiation exposure. Clinically, complete epithelization occurred in all patients. No infections developed. Radiographically no bone dissolution could be identified in the extraction area(s). The follow-up times ranged from 7 months to 18 months when the patients were seen last. CONCLUSION: The hard tissue replacement particles appears to provide a matrix for fibrous connective tissue formation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

Oral complications of local and systemic cancer treatment.

Acute and chronic complications of oral tissues and changes in physiologic process frequently accompany cancer therapies. Mucositis is a common dose-limiting complication in patients receiving systemic cancer chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, and local irradiation for tumors in the head and neck area. In addition, mucosal ulcerations may become portals for the invasion of pathogens that in turn may be life threatening. Oral environment changes and salivary gland dysfunction cause an increase in dental caries and periodontal disease in dentulous patients who receive radiation therapy in and around the oral cavity. Some of these therapy-related oral complications can be controlled by pretherapy modification of the oral environment, such as elimination of acute and potential dental and periodontal foci of pathoses, patient participation in oral care, and awareness by dentists and oncologists that cancer patients require specific oral care. Prevention and management of oral mucositis, as well as prevention and control of dental pathoses, are still problems that need further investigation.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1995

Impacted teeth: prophylactic extractions or not?

Pathologic changes related to impacted teeth are infrequent. However, considerable damage to bone and adjacent teeth may result if they do occur. Four patients are described in whom different circumstances existed with impacted teeth. Extractions are indicated when the anatomic location of the impacted teeth is most favorable and when the patient's systemic and hematologic condition is least compromising, even if the teeth are asymptomatic at that time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Only a dentist.

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Dentists↗
PubMed1991

Management of oral mucositis during local radiation and systemic chemotherapy: a study of 98 patients.

Oral mucositis is among the complications of head and neck irradiation and systemic chemotherapy. To determine whether or not mucositis could be prevented or reduced in intensity by using Kamillosan Liquidum as an oral rinse, 98 patients were placed on study protocols. Twenty patients who were treated with radiation therapy and 46 patients who received systemic chemotherapy participated in prophylactic oral care with Kamillosan oral rinse. Thirty-two patients were treated therapeutically after mucositis had developed. Sixteen patients receiving chemotherapy were treated therapeutically and prophylactically with Kamillosan oral rinse during repeated cycles of chemotherapy. Only one of the 20 patients who had had radiation therapy developed grade 3 mucositis in the final week of treatment. Thirty-six of the 46 patients undergoing chemotherapy did not develop clinically noticeable mucositis. It appears that resolution of mucositis is accelerated by Kamillosan rinse. Prophylactic oral care appeared to modify the oral environment favorably and maintain tissue integrity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Use of smokeless tobacco in a group of professional baseball players.

This paper describes the smokeless tobacco use practices and oral health problems of members of a minor league professional baseball team. Seventeen of 25 ball-players reported current use of smokeless tobacco. Gingival recession and lesions in the oral mucosa were more common in smokeless tobacco users than nonusers. Reported use of smokeless tobacco was greater during baseball season than in the off-season. Of the 19 current and past users, 15 reported first using smokeless tobacco after entering professional baseball. To discourage the use of smokeless tobacco by professional athletes, teams should stop accepting free samples and do a better job educating players about health consequences associated with use.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Dental abnormalities and bone lesions associated with familial adenomatous polyposis: report of cases.

Dental abnormalities and bone lesions of the maxilla and mandible are found in more than 70% of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Dental abnormalities include impacted teeth (other than third molars), supernumerary teeth, congenitally missing teeth, and fused roots of molars. Bone lesions consist of osteomas--isolated or in clusters--in the maxilla and mandible. In this study of 24 patients, 75% had demonstrable dental abnormalities, and 79% had osteomas of the maxilla and mandible. Because dental abnormalities and bone lesions are present early in life, these features may be helpful in diagnosing this syndrome.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed1989

On infection control.

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗