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Biomedical subjects

W Brown

Publications and source records attributed to W Brown.

159 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment for mental illness and substance abuse in a public psychiatric hospital. Successful strategies and challenging problems.

Although the literature on dual diagnosis has grown considerably over the last several years, report describing inpatient treatment models are less common. We describe some of the major treatment concerns in the dural diagnosis literature, such as using 12-step self-help programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or Narcotics Anonymous (NA), dealing with different stages of treatment, and developing a program with integrated substance abuse and psychiatric treatment. The practical application of these treatment issues is featured by showing how they are incorporated into an innovative inpatient dual diagnosis treatment program at a public psychiatric hospital. Finally, the treatment program is described in detail regarding administrative issues, staff training, daily treatment schedules, and patient demographics.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regulation of fas ligand expression in breast cancer cells by estrogen: functional differences between estradiol and tamoxifen.

During neoplastic growth and metastasis, the immune system responds to the tumor by developing both cellular and humoral immune responses. In spite of this active response, tumor cells escape immune surveillance. We previously showed that FasL expression by breast tumor plays a central role in the induction of apoptosis of infiltrating Fas-immune cells providing the mechanism for tumor immune privilege. In the present study, we showed that FasL in breast tissue is functionally active, and estrogen and tamoxifen regulate its expression. We identified an estrogen recognizing element like-motif in the promoter region of the FasL gene, suggesting direct estrogen effects on FasL expression. This was confirmed by an increase in FasL expression in both RNA and protein levels in hormone sensitive breast cancer cells treated with estradiol. This effect is receptor mediated since tamoxifen blocked the estrogenic effect. Interestingly, tamoxifen also inhibited FasL expression in estrogen-depleted conditions. Moreover, an increase in FasL in breast cancer cells induces apoptosis in Fas bearing T cells and, tamoxifen blocks the induction of apoptosis. These studies provide evidence that tamoxifen inhibits FasL expression, allowing the killing of cancer cells by activated lymphocytes. This partially explains the protective effect of tamoxifen against breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparative study of bacampicillin hydrochloride, penicillin V, and amoxicillin in the treatment of acute tonsillitis and/or pharyngitis due to beta-hemolytic streptococci.

Fifty-five outpatients with acute tonsillitis and/or pharyngitis due to group A beta-hemolytic streptococci were treated during 1978 and 1979. Twenty-nine patients received 400 mg of bacampicillin twice a day, 21 patients received 250 mg of penicillin V four times a day, and five patients received 250 mg of amoxicillin every 8 hr. All except one patient, who was treated with bacampicillin, had a satisfactory clinical response to treatment. The bacteriologic response was satisfactory in all but one patient. None of the 55 patients developed adverse effects that necessitated the discontinuance of the antibiotic in use. No significant differences were found between the clinical or the bacteriologic responses to bacampicillin, penicillin V, or amoxicillin (Fisher's exact test).

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Statewide collaborative planning: benefits and challenges.

This article shares some of the past and present collaborative experiences of Kentucky providers in statewide planning for nursing continuing education (CE). Some of the ingredients for successful statewide planning, as well as the barriers, will be discussed.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of family: perceptions of children with sickle cell.

The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of the quality of family relationships between children with sickle cell disease and their non-diseased siblings. In this study, 28 subjects were interviewed in their homes. The quality of family relations was assessed utilizing the Family Environment Scale (Moos & Moos, 1981). There was no significant difference in cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, or organization. Control was higher for boys than girls. Implications for family nursing practice are presented.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Domestic violence: examining nurses' and doctors' management, attitudes and knowledge in an accident and emergency setting.

Despite the increasing awareness of the important role that Accident and Emergency (A&E) personnel have in the diagnosis and management of domestic violence victims, there is limited knowledge about the nurses' or doctors' knowledge of or attitudes to domestic violence in Australian health care settings. In addition nursing and medical staff still receive very little training in working with domestic violence victims. This study was conducted to examine the existing knowledge, attitudes to and management strategies for domestic violence victims among 111 nurses and doctors in two rural and two country hospitals. The findings indicate that A&E staff recognise the importance of their role in the identification and management of domestic violence victims. Despite this they do not have all the skills necessary to deal effectively with the problem or to be able to access local resources for assistance. Education programs should focus on direct questioning techniques, and recognition of risk factors and protocols to provide guidelines for police involvement.

Adolescent↗