Biomedical subjects
W Born
Publications and source records attributed to W Born.
Calcitonin: regional distribution of the hormone and its binding sites in the human brain and pituitary.
Immunoreactive calcitonin (CT), indistinguishable from human CT-(1-32) and its sulfoxide, has been identified in extracts of the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the thyroid obtained from human subjects at autopsy. DCT concentrations were highest in a region encompassing the posterior hypothalamus, the median eminence, and the pituitary; intermediate in the substantia nigra, the anterior hypothalamus, the globus pallidus, and the inferior colliculus; and low in the caudate nucleus, the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Specific CT binding measured with 125I-labeled salmon CT was highest in homogenates of the posterior hypothalamus and the median eminence, shown to contain the highest concentrations of endogenous CT in the brain; CT binding was less than 12% of hypothalamic binding in all of the other regions of the brain examined and was negligible in the pituitary. Half-maximal binding was achieved with 0.1 nM nonradioactive salmon CT-(1-32), and the binding was directed to structural or conformational sites, or both, in the COOH-terminal half of salmon CT. The rank order of the inhibition of the binding by CT from different species and analogues of the human hormone was the same as in receptors on a human lymphoid cell line (Moran, J., Hunziker, W. & Fischer, J. A. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 75, 3984-3988). The functional role of CT and of its binding sites in the brain remains to be elucidated.
Calcium-regulated biosynthesis of the parathyroid secretory protein, proparathyroid hormone, and parathyroid hormone in dispersed bovine parathyroid cells.
Dispersed bovine parathyroid cells were incubated in vitro with 3H-labeled amino acids for 30--120 min. Analysis of cell extracts by sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a calcium-regulated incorporation of 3H-labeled amino acids into three major peaks, one with a molecular weight (Mr) of 70,000 and two peaks in the 10,000 Mr region, and a minor 5,000 Mr peak. Furthermore, [3H]mannose was incorporated into the 70,000 Mr peak, which corresponds to the parathyroid secretory protein (PSP) recognized as a glycoprotein. The two peaks in the 10,000 Mr region had the electrophoretic mobility of [3H]bovine proparathyroid hormone (ProPTH) and [3H]bovine PTH (1--84), respectively. Immunoreactive PTH was only detected in a peak comigrating with [3H]PTH-(1--84). The nonimmunoreactive 5,000 Mr peptide was not further identified. The incorporation of radioactive amino acids into PSP, ProPTH, PTH-(1--84), and the 5000-daltons peptide was inversely related to the calcium concentration in the incubation medium. The incorporation of radioactive mannose into PSP was also greater at low extracellular calcium concentrations. Our findings provide evidence for an inverse relationship between the extracellular calcium concentration and the formation of PSP, ProPTH, PTH-(1--84), and a yet to be identified 5000-dalton peptide in dispersed bovine parathyroid cells.
Selective, immunologically nonspecific adherence of lymphoid and myeloid cells to Leydig cells.
In mixed lymphocyte-testis cell cultures, lymphoid cells form rosettes around a testis cell population. The rosette formation seems to reflect cell type specific, but not immune recognition, because: a) rosettes are formed only around Leydig, But not around other testis cells; b) most, if not all normal lymphoid cells can be bound by Leydig cells; c) in addition, Leydig cells bind presumably monoclonal lymphoid and myeloid tumor line cells, but no other cell types.
[Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris with external sulfur mustard gas with particular reference to its potential carcinogenic risk. III. Clinical and experimental studies on the extent of percutaneous and inhalational uptake of sulfur mustard gas].
Concerning the often discussed carcinogenic risk of psoriasis treatment with 0.005% S-mustard-vaseline (so-called Russian Ointment) -- especially by inhalation -- 19 patients were treated with a radioactive labeled S-mustard-ointment and examined. The patients' whole bodies were inuncted for 1--2 days with about 50 g of radioactive S-mustard vaseline (U14C, 3 muCi/g). Afterwards the radioactivity was determined in the patients' expired air, blood, urine, and in their surrounding air. In three patients punch biopsy material from normal and psoriatic skin was assayed for radioactivity after combustion. In the skin, radioactivity distinctly decreased from the epidermis (13.1 pCi/mg) to the subcutis (0.77 pCi/mg) without significant differences between normal skin and psoriatic lesions as confirmed by autoradiography. In all samples of air, body fluids and tissue, definitive amounts of radioactivity were found, which, however, were far below the US-American MAK-values. Between skin surface and shirt, the values varied from 1.5 to 13.7 nCi/20 l air, at a distance of 2 meters by 0.3 nCi/100 l air, in the breath by 0.5 nCi/20 l. The radioactivity decreased to 1/10 of the maximum values after 1--2 hours. In blood the activity was at the limit of detection and was parallelled by the activity of the urine. Generally, 1--7% of the radioactivity applied to the skin was eliminated with the urine within one week. Thus, the carcinogenic risk may be very low in the external S-mustard therapy of psoriasis and other skin diseases.
Distribution of circulating immunoreactive components of parathyroid hormone in normal subjects and in patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism: the role of the kidney and of the serum calcium concentration.
1. The distribution of intact parathyroid hormone-(1-84) [PTH-(1-84)] and of its COOH-terminal fragments was determined in human serum by column chromatography. In addition to PTH-(1-84) (peak I), COOH-terminal fragments having molecular weights of approximately 4000-7000 (peak II) and immunoreactive components co-eluting with human PTH-(1-12) (peak III) were observed. 2. Mean concentrations of intact PTH-(-84) and of its COOH-terminal fragments were significantly raised in chronic renal failure as compared with those of normal subjects. Mean amounts of peak II were higher in patients with chronic renal insufficiency than in nutritional vitamin D deficiency, in pseudohypoparathyroidism and in primary hyperparathyroidism, despite comparable amounts of PTH-(1-84). 3. In chronic renal failure as well as in a group of patients with vitamin D deficiency, pseudohypoparathyroidism and primary hyperparathyroidism and in controls, significant linear relations were found between the serum concentrations of calcium and log (peak II/peak I). Our findings suggest that the conversion of intact PTH-(1-84) into COOH-terminal fragments by the parathyroid glands (resulting in a raised secretion of fragments) and/or in peripheral organs may be directly related to the serum concentration of calcium. However, the degradation of the fragments may also be suppressed in a calcium-dependent manner.
Plasma kinetics and urinary excretion of exogenous human and salmon calcitonin in man.
The metabolism and the urinary excretion of synthetic human and salmon calcitonin-(1--32) [hCT-(1--32), sCT-(1--32)] administered by constant infusions for 240 min were investigated in eight normal subjects. On gel filtration of plasma obtained during the infusions mainly intact hCT-(1--32) and sCT-(1--32) were recognized with homologous radioimmunoassay systems. During constant infusions to equilibrium of 0.04 mg hCT-(1--32) and sCT-(1--32), the metabolic clearance rates (MCR) amounted to 8.4 +/- 1.1 and 3.1 +/- 0.1 ml/kg per min, respectively (P less than 0.01). When hCT-(1--32) was infused at rates of 1 and 4 mg/240 min, the MCR were lower than with 0.04 mg hCT-(1--32), but still higher than with 0.04 mg sCT-(1--32). The half-lives of disappearance of hCT-(1--32) were faster compared to sCT-(1--32), but the difference was not statistically significant. The urinary clearance of hCT-(1--32) determined during the 1 and 4 mg/240 min infusions of hCT-(1--32), as well as of sCT-(1--32) determined during the 0.04-mg infusions of sCT-(1--32) was about 0.1% of the MCR. The half-lives of disappearance of hCT- and sCT-(1--32) incubated in vitro in plasma and urine ranged from 17 to more than 72 h, and the degradation did not affect our calculations of the metabolic breakdown of exogenous CT in vivo.
Further similarities between Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides.
Sézary syndrome and mycosis fungoides, both malignant Non-Hodgkin lymphomas, although characterized as specific entities, show a close relationship. This is based on striking similarities not only uith respect to morphological, cytophotometrical, cytogenetical and immunological findings, but also with respect to a typical common reaction pattern to photochemotherapy.
[Proliferation kinetic models for the understanding of the epidermal cell cycle in psoriasis].
Pulse labeling of spontaneous, stimulated or disturbed epidermal cell reinforcements with tritium thymidine offers a simple system to appraise relations of different phases in cell cycle. For example, if the duplication of DNA during the S-phase takes much time, many cells actually synthesizing DNA must be found labeled. Therefore, a high labeling index does not necessarily indicate fast cell cycles (and fast cell cycles do not necessarily produce high labeling indices). The slower S-phases proceed, the less use is for tritium thymidine, offered during the short availability time of a single pulse label. As a result, only few silver grains per cell nucleus are produced in the film emulsion by autoradiography. The typical pattern of this DNA-synthesis would be a high labeling index, combined with a low silver grain index. All other possible combinations and degrees of high, low, normal silver grain indices with high, low or normal labeling indices allow to appraise not only the S-phase duration in comparison with controls, but also in dependence of the other phases, mainly G1, and their duration in cell cycle.
[Treatment of dermatoses with roentgen and beta rays (proceedings)].
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[Inhibition of epidermis proliferation by borderline rays].
Treatment of guinea pig flanks with very soft X-rays (borderline rays) may stop the uptake of 3H-Tdr during the DNA synthesis phase of epidermal germinative cells. Evidence of increased proliferative activity at any time after the irradiation can only be seen as a symptom of secondary reactive repair processes.
[Radiation therapy of keloids and hemangiomas (author's transl)].
Keloids and hemangiomas of the cavernous type which require treatment respond very reliably to X-rays. Adequate use of this therapeutic possibility offers considerable advantages to the patients in many cases and in addition it is without danger. Treatment of hemangiomas with beta radiation in the form of Sr-90/Y-90 plates for shortterm application to the skin is so safe and at the same time so successful that, in view of the not at all rare unfavorable spontaneous course, it seems rather risky to delay the indication to begin radiation therapy at the earliest possible moment.
[Radiation treatment of hemangioma in childhood].
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14C and 35S-SO4 metabolism of acid glycosaminoglycans in bovine heart valves.
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[Counteractive stages in the intermitotic and postmitotic life of psoriatic epidermal cells].
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[Effect of ultraviolet light on epidermal DNA synthesis].
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[Epidermal reactions in tracer studies using tritium-thymidine].
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