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Biomedical subjects

W Blauth

Publications and source records attributed to W Blauth.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Morphology and classification of cleft hands].

It is the intention of this study to present a more profound investigation of the morphology of cleft hands and to provide a new classification based on the results of that investigation. After a short review of the literature, which shows the different opinions regarding heredity, pathogenesis and classification of cleft hand, the authors demonstrate their own patients with 35 cleft hands: The deformities were mostly bilateral and associated with cleft feet. In unilateral cases the right side was more common. Males were in the majority. This paper puts emphasis on the analysis of X-ray morphology. The authors are able to demonstrate that the cleft hand shows several peculiarities which have not been yet sufficiently respected. It was found out, that, apart from aplasia of the bones and soft tissue, synostosis is often the origin of clefting. In 40% of our cases the cleft was caused exclusively by synostosis, in a further 34% it derived partly from synostosis of the phalanges and the metacarpal bones. In the carpus we found osseous deformities surprisingly often, a feature which has hardly been mentioned in former studies. Among the numerous associated malformations emphasis must be placed on the osseous syndactylies and the central polydactylies, because they are closely related to the cleft hand as shown by Ogino. 18 of our own cases belong to this group. Our investigations lead us to the following classification: Cleft hand type 1: Cleft hands with osseous defects (aplasias) Cleft hand type 2: Cleft hands with synostosis Cleft hand type 3: Cleft hands with aplasias and synostosis Hands with central polydactyly and synostosis as preforms of the cleft hand could be classified in type 4. These phenomena form the beginning of the teratological row towards the completely developed cleft hand. In combination with Blauth's distribution of cleft hands, who distinguished the median and medio-lateral form (1976, 1978) this new classification enables each cleft hand to be placed into one of the different types, which are analysed: Type 1 mostly shows a medio-lateral form, is always combined with cleft feet and shows heredity in 50% of the cases. It cannot be classified by the Ogino method. Type 2 mostly shows a median form, is not frequently combined with cleft feet, heredity occurs in one third of the cases. This type can very often be classified by the Ogino method. Type 3 varies from case to case because of the different items of defects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Congenital clubhand].

The authors report on congenital clubhand as a malformation of the radial parts of the upper extremities and point out that this malformation car occur as a part of various syndromes as well as in the framework of thalidomide embryopathy. From the morphological viewpoint, the radius can be completely or partially lacking or hypoplastic. Soft tissue defects include muscle and tendon aplasia as well as numerous anatomical variations thereof. Clubhand is usually treated conservatively, using manual rédressement exercise, rédressement plaster casts, correction splints, and occupational therapy. If, after corrective therapy, the function tests show no improvement in hand function, then this is an indication for operative treatment. In addition to our own technique, others are also described. Clubhand often recurs because the support of the wrist and muscular balance at the wrist joint are not always optimally established. The authors warn that operations can be prematurely evaluated as successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical aspects and therapy of fibular ligament ruptures in childhood].

Injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle are frequently encountered in adolescence and require just as much care in diagnosis and management as in adults. There is a strikingly high rate of tears with an avulsion of the bony or cartilaginous insertion of the anterior talo-fibular ligament in younger children. The most likely causes are the higher elasticity and strength of ligaments, as well as the special situation of ligament insertion during growth. Experience has shown operative treatment to be superior to conservative measures. Only a surgical procedure can allow exact adaptation of the ruptured ligaments and especially a reinsertion of cartilaginous or bony fragments after avulsion injury. Old tears often make a reinsertion very difficult if not impossible. In these cases, resection of the fragments and reconstruction of ligaments are suggested if necessary. For more operative and technical details, the recently edited monograph from Zwipp should be consulted; it also contains many interesting points regarding the physiology, pathology and clinical importance of injuries to the lateral ligament of the ankle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Osteoid osteoma of the hand skeleton].

Two cases of osteoid osteoma in the hand are reported. One shows a rare localisation in the trapezium. Errors in the first diagnosis and the duration of the disease emphasize the difficulties one can encounter making the correct diagnosis of this tumor. The particular symptoms of osteoid osteoma when located in cancellous bone are discussed as well as the diagnostic aids of tomography and bone scan.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Light- and electron-microscopic studies in congenital pseudarthrosis.

This study presents the results of light- and electron-microscopic and enzyme histochemical investigations in ten cases of congenital pseudarthrosis of the lower limb. At the time of surgery, six of the ten patients had not been operated on previously. The characteristic histological feature of the "sclerotic type" of congenital pseudarthrosis was a marked fibromatous reaction consisting of cellular connective tissue. The constituent cells were arranged in bundles and had elongated nuclei. The number of nuclei per visual field was considerably higher in pathological specimens than in specimens from the uninvolved leg. In places, the histological appearance resembled somewhat that of palmar fibromatosis (Dupuytren's disease). Destruction and absorption of bone were always found. Electron-microscopic analysis showed that a large number of the cells represented myofibroblasts. These findings were supported by the positive reaction of the cells for the enzyme diaminopeptidase IV, a marker enzyme for myofibroblasts [30]. As yet it is not possible to decide whether the constriction of the pseudarthritic bone is caused by a thickened myofibroblast-containing periosteum [40] or by the aggressive osteolytic component of the fibromatosis [12, 19, 41]. Furthermore, the relationship of congenital pseudarthrosis to fibrous dysplasia of bone is still unknown. Obviously, there are histological similarities between the two diseases, including the presence of osteolytic fibrous tissue in the medullary cavity and C-shaped bone trabeculae. However, the pattern of bone involvement and prognosis are different. Irrespective of the type of congenital pseudarthrosis, focal angiomatous hyperplasia was noted in some cases. This proliferation of blood vessels is most likely a reactive change.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1980

[Congenital digital syndactylia (author's transl)].

Congenital syndactylia of the fingers are discussed and the differential diagnosis is presented. While correction may be required for functional or easthetic purposes, the age of 4-6 years is recommended as the optimum time for correction. Early surgical treatment may be needed in cases of Apert's syndrome and in the case of congenital annular scars (amniotic bands). The operative technique is carefully described and general anaesthesia and exsanguination is recommended. Post-operative management is of equal importance and the fingers are dressed with vaseline gauze and a compression bandage. The author's experience is limited to 65 syndactylia operations and in only 3 of these was a repeat procedure necessary.

Child↗