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Biomedical subjects

W Arnold

Publications and source records attributed to W Arnold.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Histocompatibility-(HLA) antigens in patients with HBsAg positive and negative hepatitis and healthy carriers of HBsAg and anti-HBs. (author's transl)].

New own data and a survey of published data concerning the frequencies of 23 HLA antigens in patients with HBsAg positive and negative chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and healthy carriers of Hepatitis-surface antigen (HBsAg) and high titers of antibodies to HBaAg (Anti-HBs) allow to conclude as follows: 1. Patients with CAH and persistence of HBsAg show a normal frequency of HLA-B8. 2. There is no increased frequency of HLA-B8 in HBsAg negative CAH without autoimmune antibodies. 3. Only in patients with HBsAg negative CAH with autoimmune antibodies is the frequency of HLA-B8 is statistically significantly increased (p less than 0.01 after correction for the number of antigens and different groups of patients compared). These are patients with the autoimmune form of CAH. 4. There exist no significant differences in the frequencies of the HLA antigens tested in patients with HBsAg positive CAH and healthy carriers of HBsAg and Anti-HBs. Thus no indications could be found for HLA-associated factors in the different behaviour to the hepatitis-B virus.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Experimental demonstration of an identic antigenicity of the inner ear and kidney (author's transl)].

An allergic glomerunephritis was produced in rats by injection of an anti-basement-membrane-serum (IgG-fraction), taken from rabbits which were sensitized against a basement membrane fraction of rat-glomerula. Tissues from heart, liver, brain, lung and inner ear were compared with the well known alterations of the glomerula. Exclusively in stria vascularis and renal glomerula heavy changements of the basement membranes and endothelial cells could be shown by electronmicroscopic examination and by immunohistological methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Detection of a liver-membrane autoantibody in HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis.

Investigation of humoral immunity against hepatocellular membrane antigens in patients with chronic active hepatitis and other liver diseases showed two different immunofluorescence patterns of IgG on hepatocyte membranes. A linear pattern was seen in HBsAg-negative hepatitis, but HBsAg-positive cases and some of protracted, acute hepatitis B had a granular pattern. In patients with IgG bound to hepatocytes, continuing necrosis of parenchymal liver cells was seen. Conversely, hepatocytes without bound IgG were found in cases of chronic active hepatitis in remission, acute viral hepatitis without HBsAg and chronic persistent hepatitis, in "healthy" HBsAg-carriers and in patients with fatty liver or alcoholic cirrhosis. A liver-membrane autoantibody in serum, proved by fixation on membranes of isolated rabbit hepatocytes, could be demonstrated only in HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis with elevated IgG-concentrations. The results support the existence of different pathogenetic types of chronic active hepatitis, a so-called autoimmune type and a hepatitis virus-B-induced type.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Path of electrons in photosynthesis.

Electrons, from the oxidation of water, inside the grana disks (thylakoids) are transferred across the membrane to the outside, to the Calvin cycle or the Hill oxidant. The span in redox level may be 2.3 V. Part of the system II chlorophyll is on the inside of the membrane and part on the outside. An electron trap is embedded in the membrane. Alternately, an excited chlorophyll on the inside gives an electron to the trap, and an excited chlorophyll on the outside gives a hole to the trap. Two quanta move an electron from inside to outside. The charging of this condenser drives the redox levels on the inside positive and those on the outside negative. The final voltages depend upon the electron flow and a carotene diode. A voltage of 0.3 is involved. Delayed light is the exact reverse of the light reaction. System I makes ATP.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

[Syngeneic ascitic mouse sarcomas-test systemt in chemotherapy (author's transl)].

The establishment of two syngeneic mouse sarcoma lines is described, which were induced with benzo[a]pyrene originally as solid tumours growing in the subcutaneous region, and which subsequently changed to the ascitic form. Successive i.p. transplantations produced progressive increases of malignancy. The same progressive tendencies were found for metastatic trials carried out in parallel with the i.p. transplantations. The use of both ascitic tumour cell lines for standardized chemotherapeutical screening systems is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Morphological changes in the inner ear of alport's syndrome (author's transl)].

At the first time lightmicroscopic and electronmicroscopic findings of Alport's Syndrome after fixation 1 hour post mortem are demonstrated. The morphological findings of stria vascularis, organ of Corti and ganglion spirale are discussed and interpreted as the result of the enlarged basal membrane of the inner ear capillaries with an altered permeability similar to the thickened basal membrane in the glomerulum of Alport's Syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Application of the immunofluorescente (fluorescent antibody technique) in clinical immunology.--II. Application and significance (author's transl)].

The fluorescent antibody technique is nowadays mainly a technique, which is routinely carried out in all clinical-immunological laboratories. The main fields of application in clinical immunology are the determination of autoantibodies (e.g. ANA, AMA, smooth muscle antibodies, parietal cell antibodies), detection of B-lymphocytes as well as bacterial antigens (e.g. Treponema pallidum). Furthermore the demonstration of deposits of immune complexes in tissues (e.g. glomerulonephritis, periarteriitis nodosa). The presented paper shows the different fields of application of the fluorescent antibody technique. It is pointed out that the FAT could be only one out of the variety of methods in clinical-immunological investigations.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1976

[Schmincke carcinoma of the nasopharynx (author's transl)].

92 patients suffering from malignant nasopharynx tumors have been examined. They were classified according to their histological diagnosis and compared in point of view clinical particularity and prognosis. The lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) is the most common malignant tumor of this organ. It differs clearly in its clinical behaviour from all other tumors of the nasopharynx. Particularly striking is the early and - apart from rare exeptions - regular involvement of the regional neck lymphnodes. This fact allows an early recognition of the small primary tumor - with its consealed site and poor clinical symptoms - and improves consequently the 3-year-survival-rate of the LEC decisively. By combination of radiological and surgical treatment of the involved neck lymphnodes, the prognosis of the LEC can be further improved. Following our own findings and recent results from the tumor virus research we want to point out that LEC has to be considered as a special disease with its proper etiology and clinical appearance.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Studies on biological characterization of mammary tumours of the sprague-dawley-rat in the syngeneic tumour-host system. I. Spontaneous primary mammary tumours and tumours induced by oral and intravenous application of DMBA (author's transl)].

Spontaneous and DMBA-induced mammary tumours of a Sprague-Dawley inbred line reared in Berlin-Buch are described. The incidence of spontaneous tumours was 14.3%, of chemically induced tumours 43.6% of all the animals tested. 5 different schedules of application proved superior to the oral route with regard to dose, mortality and tumour incidence. 87.2% of the carcinomas and 12.8% of benign tumours following DMBA treatment developed in the region of the mammary glands.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗