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Biomedical subjects

W A Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to W A Taylor.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Ige antibody formation in BALB/c mice without adjuvant: induction of responses to grass pollen extract and to a hapten-carrier conjugate.

The IgE antibody responses of inbred BALB/c mice to subcutaneously injected antigens, given without adjuvant, were studied. Cocksfoot grass pollen extract (GPE) (100-100,000 pnu) induced no detectable primary IgE antibody responses but following second and subsequent injections, substantial secondary responses were produced. Weekly injections for 9 weeks of doses of doses of 0.1-10,000 pnu GPE all produced similar IgE antibody titres as measured by 24 h passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats challenged with 16,000 pnu GPE. A similar schedule of injections of doses of 10(-10)-10(-5) g of DNP-OA also produced substantial and similar anti-DNP IgE antibody titres as measured by PCA in rats challenged with 1 mg DNP-BSA. As the challenging dose of DNP-BSA used in the induction of PCA was reduced progressively however, the PCA titres of the mouse sera showed more and more dependence on immunizing antigen dose. At limiting doses of antigen in PCA, the serum titres rose to a peak and then declined, as the immunizing dose of DNP-OA used in the mice was progressively increased. The possible implications of these results with regard to our understanding of the IgE antibody response in atopic patients is discussed.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1979

Standardization of radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and allergen extracts in terms of the WHO standard for IgE.

An 131I-labelled IgE myeloma, standardized against the WHO reference serum for IgE was bound in varying concentrations to discs bearing anti-human light chain. These were used to construct a calibration curve for the subsequent binding of 125I-labelled anti-IgE, thus relating 125I counts to WHO IgE units. The calibrated anti-IgE could then be used to measure the actual amount of specific IgE bound to an allergen disc in the radioallergosorbent test. Using this standardized system, soluble allergen extracts could then be assayed by their ability to inhibit the binding of a defined amount of specific IgE, thereby enabling their activity to be expressed in WHO IgE units.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Effect of allergenic structure on IgE levels in rats and mice.

In outbred Lister hooded rats and inbred BALB/c mice, the IgE antibody response to CE induced in the presence of aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, is more difficult to suppress with high doses of antigen and/or frequent administration of antigen, than are such responses to DNP4.3-OA. Both types of IgE antibody were assayed by PCA in rats challenged with 1 mg of CE or DNP26-BSA. Unlike the rat system, anti-CE IgE responses could be induced in the BALB/c mouse in the absence of adjuvant. After a long course of weekly injections the IgE titer was the same (1 in 160) in all groups of mice given 6 ng to 630 micrograms/injection. The threshold sensitivity to CE of PCA induced by 1 in 5 dilutions of these sera ranged from 0.3 micrograms for sera from mice immunized with 6 ng per injection up to 10 micrograms for sera from mice immunized with 630 micrograms per injection. Only a small part of this difference in sensitivity could be accounted for by the presence of blocking antibody.

Allergens↗
PubMed1977

Effect of lung tissue on the inhibitory actions of isoprenaline, theophylline, disodium cromoglycate and PGE1 on antigen-induced mast cell degranulation.

Isoprenaline, disodium cromoglycate and PGE1 poorly inhibit antigen-induced degranulation of sensitised rat peritoneal mast cells, but in the presence of chopped rat lung their inhibitory activities were markedly enhanced. The chopped lung preparation had no effect on degranulation in the absence of an inhibitor and did not enhance the weak inhibitory potency of theophylline. Lung tissue suspensions pretreated with isoprenaline released a factor into the supernatant which enhanced the action of isoprenaline on peritoneal mast cells. The activity of this supernatant factor was destroyed by boiling for 5 min. Supernatant fluid from untreated lung tissue did not itself reduced antigen-induced degranulation or enhance the inhibitory potency of isoprenaline.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effect of chopped rat lung on the inhibitory actions of prostaglandins, isoprenaline, theophylline and disodium cromoglycate on mast cell degranulation.

Prostaglandins and other drugs that stimulate adenylate cyclase have little inhibitory activity for antigen-induced degranulation of rat peritoneal mast cells. In the presence of chopped rat lung, however, the inhibitory activities of both prostaglandins and isoprenaline were markedly enhanced. A similar effect was also seen with disodium cromoglycate, which is not known to stimulate adenylate cyclase, but which does inhibit cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. In contrast, however, the chopped lung had no effect on either degranulation in the absence of an inhibitor or on the inhibitory potency of theophylline. Lung tissue suspension pretreated with isoprenaline released a factor into the supernatant which enhanced isoprenaline action on peritoneal mast cells. The activity of this supernatant factor was destroyed by boiling for 5 min. Untreated lung supernatant fluid failed to affect either the level of antigen-induced degranulation or the inhibitory potency of isoprenaline.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗