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Biomedical subjects

W A Price

Publications and source records attributed to W A Price.

124 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Factor VIII coagulant antigen in hemophilic plasma: a comparison of five alloantibodies.

Five independent alloantibodies directed to factor VIII coagulant antigen (VIII:CAg) were assessed against normal, von Willebrand's disease, and severe hemophilia A plasmas. Immunoradiometric assays (IRMAs) were developed for each antibody, one of which had arisen "spontaneously" and four in transfused hemophiliacs. The correlations between assays were very high for normal, vWd, and both CRM+ and CRM- hemophiliacs. This suggests that IRMAs maybe developed from almost any reasonably high titered alloantibody and used with confidence in diagnosing CRM- hemophilia A in utero by fetoscopy.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1975

Chronic lead absorption. Result of poor ventilation in an indoor pistol range.

Three cases of mild lead poisoning were discovered among instructors at an indoor pistol range. These cases were characterized by blood lead levels greater than 100 mug/100 ml, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels greater than 450 mug/100 ml of red blood cells, abdominal pain, and, in one instance, by slowing of motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity. Exposure to airborne lead produced during revolver-firing and bullet-molding accounted for the lead absorption. Ventilation in the range was inadequate.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early postnatal dexamethasone diminishes transforming growth factor alpha localization within the ileal muscularis propria of newborn mice and extremely low-birth-weight infants.

Focal small bowel perforation (FSBP) occurs most commonly in the ileum of extremely low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants. Early postnatal dexamethasone (EPD) administration results in an increased risk for FSBP in this patient population, but the mechanism by which this occurs is unknown. Infants with FSBP have healthy mucosa but thinned smooth muscle, suggesting a mechanism involving the muscularis propria for these perforations. One explanation for these findings would be that dexamethasone alters the tissue availability of pertinent growth factors to the smooth muscle. To explore this possibility, we administered dexamethasone or saline by intraperitoneal injection to newborn mice for 3 days (dosed at 1 microg/g of body weight/day) to simulate EPD protocols. The animals were sacrificed after 72 h of treatment and their ileums harvested and prepared for microscopy. Immunolocalization was performed for three related growth factors (epidermal growth factor [EGF], heparin-binding EGF [h-EGF], and transforming growth factor alpha [TGF-alpha]) and their common receptor. We found TGF-alpha to be abundant and discretely localized in the muscularis propria in control animals but to be diminished in dexamethasone-treated animals. EGF-receptor immunostaining was also decreased with dexamethasone but there was minimal to no detection of EGF or h-EGF in either treatment condition. Surgical and autopsy specimens of the ileum were obtained from seven ELBW infants who either received EPD or not. These tissues were used for immunolocalization of the same growth factors and similar distributions for TGF-alpha were observed in several of these cases. These findings are consistent with an autocrine role for TGF-alpha in ileal smooth muscle proliferation and suggest a mechanism by which EPD might mediate smooth muscle thinning.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anxiogenic effects of generated ambient cations--a preliminary study.

The existence of the putative "serotonin irritation syndrome" (SIS) was tested in a human population. Volunteers were exposed to a highly cationized environment for two hours. Symptoms of anxiety and excitement significantly increased. During the time of exposure serum serotonin levels also increased significantly. These results support the existence of SIS as a clinical entity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased interpretation of nonverbal cues in rape victims.

The ability to receive nonverbal facial cues was tested in twelve female victims of multiple nonserial rapes and matched controls. Subjects attempted to interpret nonverbal messages transmitted by male and female senders who were covertly taped while involved in a gambling task. Rape victims had significantly decreased ability to interpret the nonverbal facial cues of both male and female senders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of the insulin-like growth factor system in postpneumonectomy lung growth.

The insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) may play an important role in postpneumonectomy compensatory lung growth by translating hormonal inputs and mechanical forces into cellular proliferation signals. We examined the mRNA abundance of IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in lungs of rats on postoperative days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 following left pneumonectomy (PNX) or shamoperation (SC) and in normal animals (CON). There was no difference in the abundance of lung IGF-I mRNA (measured by Northern analysis) or serum IGF-I (measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA)) between SC and PNX animals. IGF-II mRNA abundance was initially decreased following PNX (73% decrease compared to SC animals on day 1, p < .05) and then rose to approach SC group values on subsequent days. Transcripts for IGFBP-2, -3, -4, -5, and -6 were decreased in both the SC and PNX groups compared to CON animals on the day following pneumonectomy, then rose back to baseline by postoperative day 2-3. Tissue IGFBPs, measured by ligand blot analyses, were not different in either the SC or PNX groups. In contrast, all serum IGFBP bands were increased on postoperative day 1 following either sham or PNX surgery. In addition, serum IGFBP-4 was increased in PNX animals compared to the SC group on days 1 and 2 (increase of 38% and 78%, respectively, p < .05). We conclude that the changes observed in lung IGF and IGFBP expression following pneumonectomy do not represent major.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of chlorpromazine, haloperidol and pimozide in the treatment of phencyclidine psychosis: DA-2 receptor specificity.

Three neuroleptics were used to treat phencyclidine (PCP) psychosis. These included chlorpromazine, a DA-1 and DA-2 dopamine antagonist with noradrenergic effects; haloperidol, a predominantly DA-2 antagonist with noradrenergic effects; and pimozide a predominantly DA-2 antagonist with no noradrenergic activity. Three cohorts of randomly selected young white adult males were studied. Responses to haloperidol and pimozide were statistically equivalent and both were significantly superior to chlorpromazine. These results further support the role of the DA-2 receptor in PCP psychosis and tend to rule out a noradrenergic role. The authors therefore suggest that DA-2 blockers, such as haloperidol or pimozide be employed as treatment of choice in PCP psychosis.

Adult↗