Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W A Miller

Publications and source records attributed to W A Miller.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Differential dichrome staining of tissue culture monolayers: alternate dyes and possible mechanism.

A polyacid-dependent dichrome has been devised which will differentiate epithelial from mesenchymal cells in young dividing primary cultures. Epithelial cells and colonies and nuclei are stained with metanil yellow, the stain is fixed and differentiated with phosphotungstic acid, and the mesenchymal elements are stained with toluidine blue. Several other dyes are tested for substitution in this method. Biebrich scarlet and aniline blue could be substituted for the metanil yellow; Bismarck brown T, Janus green B, crystal violet, and neutral red could be substituted for the basic dye.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1977

Antimicrobial prophylaxis for catheter-associated bacteriuria.

We evaluated short-term systemic antimicrobial prophylaxis for catheter-associated bacteriuria in women undergoing elective gynecological operations in a prospective, controlled, double-masked study. Nine of 100 placebo-treated patients acquired bacteriuria during catheterization compared with 3 of 96 of the drug-treated group. However, at the time of hospital discharge, clean-voided urine specimens were positive as frequently in the drug-treated group (8 of 82 patients cultured) as in the placebo group (8 of 75 patients cultured). No difference in febrile morbidity due to bacteriuria was noted between the prophylaxis and placebo groups. The incidence of catheter-associated bacteriuria may be reduced by antimicrobial prophylaxis. However, because the protective effect is transient and is associated with the selection of resistant organisms, prophylaxis is not indicated for patients at low risk for acquired bacteriuria and in whom the sequelae of catheter-associated infections are infrequent.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1977

A microbiological study of normal flora of macropod dental plaque.

The percentage bacterial composition of dental plaques from 12 macropods was determined. The major group of organisms was gram-positive filamentous and pleomorphic rods whose median representation was 92.2%. These were mainly Actinomyces viscosus (median value 62.5%) and Bacterionema matruchotii (median value 23.2%). Streptococci were poorly represented (median value 4.2%) as were anaerobic gram-negative organisms. Aerobic gram-negative bacteria were identified as neisseriae and Moraxella sp. The macropod plaque flora was compared with that of human beings and rodents and the differences discussed in relation to dietary differences and the early externalization of the marsupial young.

Actinomycetaceae↗
PubMed1976

Enzyme separation techniques for the study of growth of cells from layers of bovine dental pulp.

Effects of the enzymes trypsin, papain, bromelains and ficin on bovine dental pulp tissue were studied. Minced or whole pulps were subjected to each enzyme at 17 degrees, 20 degrees and 37 degrees C for set time intervals, after which aliquots of supernatant fluid were removed for cell counts and viability tests. Pooled samples were subsequently cultured as monolayers in Eagle's MEM plus 10% calf serum. The dissociation characteristics were quite distinct for each enzyme, although quite similar between minced and whole pulp. A parallel histological study was made of the residual pulp tissue. Ficin was found to be the most suitable enzyme for future studies on the growth of isolated pulp cells from various layers of the bovine pulp, due to its even rate of cell removal, and the good initial viability and subsequent growth of the separated cells in monolayer culture. Further studies on ficin may show that it is more suitable for enzymatic separation of tissues generally than the more commonly used trypsin, a major advantage being its use in media containing Ca2+ and Mg2+.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Long-term follow-up of hip fractures.

Hip fractures on 117 patients treated surgically and followed up for an average of 10.2 months are reviewed. Among the parameters analyzed were complications, mortality, clinical follow-up by the operating surgeon, and the ability to ambulate after surgery. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 36% and medical complications in 18% of the patients. Mortality was 25% within the first year after surgery. Sixty-one percent of the patients returned at least once to the surgeon's office for follow-up; only 38% were followed for more than six months. In the surviving patients who were good ambulators before hip fracture, 60% to 70% became good ambulators postoperatively. Only 20% to 30% of the surviving patients who were poor ambulators preoperatively ever walked again.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Experimental foreign body reactions to toothpaste abrasives.

Some clinical oral foreign body reactions have been reviewed. The testing of the foreign body potential of substances used as abrasives in toothpastes has shown a number to be capable of this. The clinical implications are briefly discussed. The initial studies were conducted when the author was on the faculty of the School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, England.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Plantar neuroma: analysis of results following surgical excision in 145 patients.

Few series deal with the long-term results of surgical exision of plantar neuromas. The results of a study with a 21.5 month average follow-up are presented. Of 145 patients undergoing surgery from 1970 to 1973, 85 returned for examination and roentgenograms. There were 13% with unsatisfactory results and 21.3% with some pain remaining. Caution should therefore be used in assuring patients of complete relief.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Effects of chronic administration of sodium diphenylhydantoin ('Dilantin') on bones and teeth of the rat and hamster: a preliminary study.

Male Charles River rats, 31-days old, received i.p. injection of sodium diphenylhydantoin (DPH), 100 mg/kg in 0.9% NaCl, once daily for 26-27 days before death. Male Syrian hamsters, 40-days-old, received similar injections of DPH, 25 mg/kg for 46 days, no treatment for 39 dyas, then DPH FOR A FURTHER 17 DYAS BEfore sacrifice. All rats receiving DPH gained less weight than the controls, and more than 50% displayed acute neurotoxic reactions to the drug; hamsters were not so affected. Morphology and composition of caudal vertebrae, teeth, and jaws from control and DPH-rats were compared on the basis of measurements on radiographs and gross specimens, histological investigation, and determined of % dry volumes of ash, volatile inorganic component, lipid, and organic matrix. DPH-bertebrae were smaller and showed impaired osteogenesis; but chondrogenesis was similar to controls. Overall tail length was similar in both animal groups because caudal intervertebral spaces were wider in DPH-rats, compensating for reduced longitudinal growth of corresponding vertebrae. Incisors were smaller and third molar roots shorter in DPH-rats. In DPH-hamsters the attachment of the periodontal ligament to maxillary incisors was deranged. DPH administration did not change the composition of rat bone or teeth. Densities of dry bones and teeth were in accord with their composition. Possible modes of action of DPH are discussed. Species differences in response of mineralized tissues to DPH administration are emphasized in relation to reports of rickets and osteomalacia in patients on long term DPH therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Early periodontal disease in the Syrian hamster.

An investigation into periodontal disease in the Syrian Golden hamster was conducted over a period of six months. With the periodontitis-producing Diet 2000 only mild destruction of the periodontium was observed. The interproximal area between M1 and M2 may be a better area for analysis of early periodontal disease in the Syrian Golden hamster, as it more nearly approaches the human situation than does the mesial surface of M1. On the whole the hamster may not be a good model species for studying periodontal disease on morphological grounds, despite its excellence in terms of bacteriology and ease and cheapness of animal maintenance. Other animal models are discussed.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1975

The effect of an insoluble foreign body in the pathogenesis of early periodontal disease in the Syrian hamster.

The effect of adding 15% talc to either a standard periodontal disease-producing diet (Diet 2000) or a laboratory chow (Purina) was studied in the Syrian golden hamster. The additive was found to reduce the amount of periodontal disease with Diet 2000 and also change the characteristics of the plaque. The addition of talc to laboratory chow increased the severity of normally occurring periodontal disease, although not to the level of Diet 2000.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Team approach to total parenteral nutrition.

The organization, function, and results of a total parenteral nutrition (TPN) team consisting of a surgical staff physician, a senior surgery resident, a nurse and a pharmacist are described. The TPN team has treated 160 patients. The incidence of septicemia as a complication of TPN has been less than 1% and the rate of serious metabolic derangements of TPN has been 2.7% for electrolyte aberrations and 5% for significant glycosuria in this series. It is recommended that hospitals that cannot provide such a team should refer patients requiring TPN to a center with a TPN team.

Glycosuria↗