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Biomedical subjects

W A Crowell

Publications and source records attributed to W A Crowell.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Evaluation of methods for localization of urinary tract infection in the female dog.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) was induced in the left kidney of seven female dogs and in the urinary bladder of eight female dogs. Several methods advocated for localization of UTI in other species were tested in the infected dogs. Although fever, renal pain, and leukocytosis were detected in some dogs with renal infection, findings were transient. Radiographic changes in the kidneys and ureters were detected in some dogs with renal infection, but were absent in others. Bladder washout studies were not reliable for differentiating renal infection from bladder infection. Antibody coating studies were positive in dogs with bladder infection and in dogs with renal infection. The positive results from dogs with bladder infection may have been because of nonspecific binding of immunoglobulins to Staphylococcus aureus after leakage of serum immunoglobulins into urine. Studies of six dogs of both sexes with naturally occurring UTI indicated that their serum contained antibody against common urinary pathogens and that this antibody gained access to the urine in some dogs. It was concluded that the antibody coating test was unreliable for localization of UTI in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ethylene glycol toxicosis in cattle.

A 1-month-old Jersey calf died of oxalate nephropathy. The calf had access to antifreeze (ethylene glycol) 3 days prior to death. Since ethylene glycol toxicosis had not been reported in cattle, the effects or oral administration of ethylene glycol were studied in 7 calves and 3 cows. The toxic dose ranged from 2 to 10 ml of ethylene glycol per kg of body weight. Clinical signs were increased respiration, staggering gait, paraparesis, depression and later, recumbency and death. Hemoglobinuria and epistaxis were seen at doses of 10mg/kg of body weight. Azotemia, hypocalcemia and neutrophilia were constant findings whereas acidosis, plasma hyperosmolality and hemolytic anemia were seen in the animals receiving the higher doses. A diagnosis of ethylene glycol toxicosis must be based upon a history of ingestion and the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in body tissues (especially the kidney and brain).

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Capillaria hepatica infection in coyotes of Louisiana.

Capillaria hepatica infection was diagnosed by histologic examination in 21 of 71 (30%) coyotes in Louisiana. All infected coyotes were at least 1 year old, and most (19 of 21) were more than 2 year years old. Capillaria hepatica was not found in any livers from 31 red foxes and 20 gray foxes examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Spontaneous renal disease in beaver in Louisiana.

Interstitial nephritis was present in 13 of 25 adult beavers (Castor canadensis). Results of serum chemistry, serotyping, and culture for leptospires were compared with the extent of renal lesions. Although the pathogenesis of the nephritis was not determined, the survey provided baseline information on spontaneous renal disease in beavers.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Amyloidosis in rhesus monkeys with rheumatoid arthritis and enterocolitis.

Generalized amyloidosis was diagnosed by light and electron microscopy in 4 of 5 monkeys (Macaca mulatta) that had a history of chronic arthritis or chronic intermittent diarrhea, or both. Clinical signs and lesions of arthritis in the monkeys were compatible with diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. Shigella sp was cultured from 1 monkey, and 2 other monkeys had colonic lesions characteristic of shigellosis. At necropsy, gross changes attributed to amyloid were seen only in the liver. Amyloid deposits in the liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, kidney, heart, adrenal glands, and other organs were determined by staining reactions and fine structural characteristics.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1977

Spontaneous renal disease in Louisiana armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus).

Renal lesions were present in 34 (68%) of 50 armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) collected for a survey of the prevalence of leptospires in Louisiana wildlife. The renal lesions were not associated with elevations in the renal function tests of blood urea nitrogen or serum creatinine or with consistent serologic or cultural evidence of leptospires.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Renal lesions in striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from Louisiana.

Renal tissue from 100 striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) examined microscopically showed evidence of inflammation in 74% of the kidneys. Azotemia was present in 20% of the skunks that had severe renal lesions. The cause of inflammation is unknown, but leptospires were cultured from kidneys or urine of 55% of these skunks.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Familial renal disease in Norwegian Elkhound dogs: morphologic examinations.

Periglomerular and interstitial fibrosis were the earliest renal lesions in 21 Norwegian Elkhound (NE) dogs with familial renal disease. Histopathologic study did not reveal the cause of the disease, and light microscopy did not show renal lesions different from nonfamilial renal lesions commonly observed in dogs. Histopathologic evaluation was reliable for detecting disease in NE dogs prior to onset of isosthenuria and azotemia. Results of glomerular counts, determining kidney size, and dissection of the nephron indicated that nephron numbers and size were adequate early in the disease, but that numbers decreased as the disease progressed. Electron microscopic and immunofluorescent studies were not suggestive of an immune basis of the renal disease, nor did histopathologic or angiographic studies indicate primary vascular lesions. Nephron dissections revealed sacculations in distal tubules and collecting ducts of affected NE dogs. Renal disease did not develop in mongrel pups given injections of an homogenate or renal tissue from an affected NE dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Feline glomeruli: morphologic comparisons in normal, autolytic, and diseased kidneys.

Twelve cats were used to study autolytic changes in glomerular morphology and compare these with lesions of naturally occurring feline renal disease. The 12 cats had normal clinical, urinary, and blood features. One kidney (0-hour control) was excised immediately after a given cat was euthanatized, and portions of it were prepared for light and electron microscopy. The opposite kidney (autolytic) remained in situ for selected postmortem intervals, up to 24 hours, at which time it was similarly processed. Renal tissues from 4 additional cats (3 with proteinuria and 1 with diabetes mellitus) were processed and examined for comparison. Zero-hour control kidneys had the following mean quantitations: renal weight was 9.9 g; glomerular diameter, 83 mum; number of cells per glomerulus in 1-mum section was 63; and diameter of cell nuclei was 6.3 mum for mesangial, 6.7 mum for visceral epithelial, and 6.4 mum for endothelial. In comparison with 0-hour control kidneys, autolytic kidneys had increased weight and glomerular diameter, but the diameter of cell nuclei decreased. Basement membrane thickness and glomerular cell numbers did not differ between 0-hour control and autolytic kidneys. Kidneys from 4 diseased cats had increased glomerular diameter and glomerular basement membrane changes characterized by hyalin thickening and dense deposits. These changes are compatible with a lesion diagnosis of membranous glomerulonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Amyloidosis induced in hamsters by a filarid parasite (Dipetalonema viteae).

Amyloidosis was induced in hmasters infected with the filarial nematode parasite, Dipetalonema viteae. The incidence of amyloidosis was 64% in a group inoculated with 150 larvae and 54% in the group receiving 150 larvae in each of two inoculations. Amyloidosis was not seen in control animals. Microfilariae probably served as the antigenic stimulus in the pathogenesis of amyloidosis, since those animals in which amyloidosis was formed had microfilaremias that were significantly greater (P less than 0.05) both in number and duration than those in infected animals that did not develop amyloidosis. Other reports of amyloidosis associated with filariasis are reviewed.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1975

Frequency of pyelitis, pyelonephritis, renal perivasculitis, and renal infarction in dogs.

The frequency of pyelitis, renal perivasculitis, and renal cortical inflammation was determined in 104 apparently normal dogs, 50 dogs with disease that were necropsied, and 20 dogs with experimentally induced cystitis. Abnormalities occurred least often (19%) in the apparently normal group and most often (55%) in the cystitis group. The frequency of specific lesions was generally higher in males than in females. Bacteria were isolated from kidney and urine of some of the apparently normal dogs, but their relationship to the lesions observed was not established.

Animals↗