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Biomedical subjects

W A Anthony

Publications and source records attributed to W A Anthony.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Unique issues in assessing work function among individuals with psychiatric disabilities.

With the admission of people who experience psychiatric disabilities in the state-federal vocational rehabilitation system and the Social Security disability rolls in the 1960s, assessment of their capacity to work has been a major concern. Given the rising rates of claims for psychiatric disability in both the public and the private sectors, and the disappointing employment outcomes of people with psychiatric disabilities compared to those with other disabilities, there have been numerous initiatives to accurately assess their employment potential. Historically, such assessment within the Social Security Administration has relied upon evaluation of a person's medical impairment, but numerous studies suggest a weak relationship between measures of psychiatric diagnosis or symptoms and work outcome. Efforts have been undertaken to identify valid and reliable methods of assessing the ability of people with psychiatric disabilities to work. The authors review (a) methods of assessing work function for this population, and (b) the literature on predictors of work functioning and the nature of psychiatric disability, and suggest implications for disability determination policies and for future research.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

Prediction of vocational outcome based on clinical and demographic indicators among vocationally ready clients.

This study examined the clinical and demographic correlates of work skills and vocational outcome for persons with psychiatric disabilities. The same clinical, demographic, work skills, and vocational outcome instruments were administered to 275 persons working toward their vocational goals at three psychosocial rehabilitation centers. Data regarding vocational outcomes were collected quarterly over a period of 3 1/4 years. Using multivariate statistical techniques, clinical and demographic variables that predict work skills and future vocational outcomes were identified. The implications of the findings for program administrators, system planners, and researchers are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The New Hampshire study of supported employment for people with severe mental illness.

This study compared supported employment services in 2 contrasting programs: (a) Group Skills Training, a professional rehabilitation agency outside of the mental health center that provided pre-employment skills training and support in obtaining and maintaining jobs, or (b) the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model, which integrated clinical and vocational services within the mental health center. People with severe mental disorders who expressed interest in competitive employment (N = 143) were randomly assigned to 1 of these 2 programs. Results showed that clients in the IPS program were more likely to be competitively employed throughout most of the 18-month follow-up. Among those who obtained jobs, there were few group differences, although workers in the IPS program did work more total hours and earn more total wages during the 18-month follow-up. There were no group differences on nonvocational outcomes.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Relationships between psychiatric symptomatology, work skills, and future vocational performance.

OBJECTIVE: Experts do not agree on what, if any, relationships exist between diagnosis, symptomatology, work skills, and the future vocational performance of persons with severe mental illness. The objective of this study was to longitudinally examine such relationships, using a sample of clients who were attending psychosocial rehabilitation programs. METHODS: Subjects were 275 clients of three psychosocial rehabilitation programs who had expressed a vocational goal. They were assessed at intake into the study and then quarterly until they left the rehabilitation program. The variables examined included symptoms, measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; diagnosis; work skills, measured by the Griffiths Work Behavior Scale; and vocational status at end-point. RESULTS: Among subjects remaining in the study for one year, both symptomatology and work skills improved significantly. Moderately significant negative correlations were found between symptoms and work skills; subjects who became employed had lower symptom scores and higher work skills than persons who never became employed. CONCLUSIONS: Although a moderate relationship was found between symptomatology and work skills, symptoms should not be considered a proxy measure for vocational functioning among persons with severe mental illness. Participation in psychosocial rehabilitation programs appeared to have a salutary effect on symptoms and work skills.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1995

Incorporating psychiatric rehabilitation principles into mental health nursing. An opportunity to develop a full partnership among nurses, consumers, and families.

1. Once people with mental illness are perceived as people with disabilities, the field of physical rehabilitation can be used as a metaphor for psychiatric (or psychosocial) rehabilitation. 2. A rehabilitation approach emphasizes the development of skills and sources of support necessary for successful living, learning, and working in the community. 3. The essential components of psychiatric rehabilitation technology clearly are defined practitioner skills and the underlying knowledge about how to use the skills most effectively.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

The residential needs and preferences of persons with serious mental illness: a comparison of consumers and family members.

This study reports on a systematic statewide effort to determine the residential needs and preferences of two important groups: primary consumers of mental health services and family members of consumers. Two comparable surveys regarding the residential needs of consumers were conducted. In all, 314 consumers and 459 family members participated in the survey. A comparison of the preferences of family members and consumers suggests that family members more often prefer congregate living situations and more staff support than do consumers. Consumers more often express a desire to reside by themselves without staff and without other persons who are mentally ill. While the direct comparison of preferences from these two constituencies has limitations, these data do suggest significant variability in needs and preferences voiced by consumers and their family members; discrepancies that need to be addressed by mental health policymakers and planners.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1991

Supported education: an additional program resource for young adults with long term mental illness.

Young adults with long term mental illness have been a particular challenge to mental health programs. Supported education is designed to present young adults with a programming resource which is significantly different from most existing mental health and rehabilitation programs. In this article the supported education concept is defined and alternative program models used to implement the concept are described. Young adults who have successfully experienced each of these program models discuss their experiences. Suggestions are presented as to how mental health and rehabilitation programs could develop supported education programs.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of outcomes for clients seeking and assigned to supported housing services.

As part of state-supported interventions to reduce risk of rehospitalization, seriously disabled psychiatric patients who had been involuntarily hospitalized twice in the previous three years were assigned to receive supported housing services in an Oregon community. Compared with 22 voluntary clients in the same supported housing program, the 21 involuntary (assigned) clients rated higher on risk factors such as history of suicide attempts, self-neglect, homelessness, and medication noncompliance, The involuntary clients showed a much higher utilization of supported housing services and case management, psychiatric, and shelter services during the nine months after entry into the program, and they had a higher one-year rehospitalization rate. However, they used substantially fewer inpatient days in the six months after entry in the program than in the six months before.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A supported education program for young adults with long-term mental illness.

Fifty-two young adults with severe psychiatric disabilities were selected to participate in a university-based supported education program aimed at helping them develop the skills to choose and implement a career plan. Thirty-five of the subjects completed the four-semester program. After the intervention, 42 percent of the students were competitively employed or enrolled in an educational program, compared with 19 percent before the intervention. The number of hospitalizations experienced by the subjects in the first year of the program decreased significantly, and the subjects' self-esteem increased significantly. The results indicate that rehabilitation services on a university campus may be a viable adjunct to more traditional rehabilitation services for persons with psychiatric disabilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Professional pre-service training for working with the long-term mentally ill.

The knowledge base with respect to helping persons with long-term mental illness is expanding dramatically. Specific skills can be identified as critical for those who work with the long-term mentally ill. In contrast to in-service training, preservice (university-based) programs have been slow in offering relevant skills-based curricula. A model is proposed for describing current and future pre-service curricula. Curricula can be categorized as to whether it provides exposure, experience, or expertise in working with the long-term mentally ill. More than ever before the pre-service training programs seem ripe for the introduction of skill-based curricula relevant to helping persons who are psychiatrically disabled.

Chronic Disease↗