Biomedical subjects

Valentina Boyko

Publications and source records attributed to Valentina Boyko.

58 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed2002

Risk for early ischemic event after acute myocardial infarction in working males.

We attempt to predict ischemic events in the weeks following the hospital discharge after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in order to aid occupational physicians in taking return-to-work decisions. Included in the study were 1299 AMI patients from 14 coronary care units in Israel who had been employed before hospitalization and were seen after discharge 1, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months after the first AMI. Cardiovascular accidents included death from cardiovascular disease, recurrent infarction or hospitalization due to congestive heart failure or unstable angina. The rate of a first recurrent cardiovascular accident decreased rapidly over the first few weeks. The risk in the third week was still 51 per 1000 person-months, 13.4 (95% CI: 9.2-19.5) times higher than that after 10 weeks when the incidence reached a low steady state. The major predictors in a logistic regression model for an event were: older age, past history of a cerebrovascular event, and congestive heart failure during the course of hospitalization, but the area under the receiver-operator curve was only 64.4%. We conclude that after acute myocardial infarction, the major risk for a recurrent event is a lapse of time from discharge but not other clinical variables. This should be taken into account when considering a proper timing of return-to-work after an acute myocardial infarction.

Absenteeism↗

PubMed2002

Is immigration associated with an increase in risk factors and mortality among coronary artery disease patients? A cohort study of 13,742 patients.

BACKGROUND: Clinical studies showing an association between immigration and increased prevalence of coronary risk factors or mortality rate in patients with coronary artery disease are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To compare the risk profile and mortality of coronary patients born in Israel with those who immigrated to Israel, and to determine whether recent immigration is associated with greater risk among immigrants from the Soviet Union. METHODS: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected on chronic coronary artery disease patients from 18 Israeli medical centers during the screening period of the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention Study in the early 1990s. Data on mortality after a mean 7.7 year follow-up were obtained from the Israel Population Registry. RESULTS: While significant differences in mortality (14.7% vs. 18.5%, P < 0.001) were observed between Israeli-born patients and immigrants respectively, the mortality in these groups was similar when compared within specific age groups. Immigrants suffered more from hypertension and angina pectoris, and their New York Heart Association functional limitation class was higher, as compared to their Israeli-born counterparts. A multivariate analysis of mortality comparing patients from the Soviet Union who immigrated after 1970 with those who immigrated before 1970 showed an increased risk for newer immigrants, with a hazard ratio of 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.19-2.40) for those immigrating between 1970 and 1984, and 1.68 (95% CI 1.01-2.28) for those immigrating between 1985 and 1991. CONCLUSION: The worse profile and prognosis observed among patients who recently emigrated from the Soviet Union cannot be explained by traditional risk factors for CAD such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and lipid disorders. Further investigation, including variables such as psychological stress to which immigrants are more exposed than others, is needed.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Improvement in the Prognosis of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction in the 1990s Compared With the Prethrombolytic Era: An Analysis by Age Subgroups.

The number of elderly patients experiencing myocardial infarction (MI) is growing rapidly, and their hospital mortality rate remains high, although mortality after acute MI declined in the 1990s. The in-hospital and first-year mortality rates in 5,839 patients with acute MI in 1981-1983 were compared with 1,014 consecutive patients admitted in 1992 to the coronary care units in Israel. The clinical characteristics of gender, prior MI, and acute MI location were similar in the age subgroups in both periods. Patients admitted in 1981-1983 did not receive thrombolytic therapy, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), whereas in those admitted in 1992, the frequency of thrombolytic therapy in the age subgroups at or below 55 years, 56-74 years, and at or above 75 years decreased with advanced age (56%, 48%, and 24%, respectively, P is less than.0001). The frequency of PTCA also declined (11%, 7%, and 3%, respectively, P is less than.002). The in-hospital mortality rate for the entire study population declined from 18% in 1981-1983 to 11% in 1992 (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.62). The decline in in-hospital mortality was more marked among patients aged 56-74 (18.0%-10.0%; OR 0.48) and those aged at or above 75 years (35.0%-21.5%; OR 0.44), than among patients aged at or below 55 years (6.9%-4.3%; OR 0.70). This decline was most marked in reperfused patients, particularly the very elderly (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.14-0.69). The cumulative first-year mortality declined by 40% (from 25.5% in 1981-1983 to 17.9% in 1992, hazard ratio (HR) 0.61; 95% CI 0.52-0.72). The decline was more marked among patients aged 56-74 years (26.2%-16.5%; HR 0.56) and those aged at or above 75 years (49.6%-37.6%; HR 0.58) than among counterparts aged at or below 55 years (10.2%-7.9%; HR 0.86). The decline was most marked in reperfused patients, particularly the very elderly (HR 0.31; 95% CI 0.16-0.59). In conclusion, (1) during the last decade in Israel, cumulative first-year mortality after an acute MI declined by 40% and was most marked in patients aged greater than 55 years and in particular the very elderly (at or above 75 years); (2) the main improvement in survival was achieved early after the acute MI, and was maintained thereafter during the first postinfarction year; 3) the favorable outcome in 1992 is related to changes in patients management, mainly reperfusion therapy (thrombolysis, PTCA, CABG); and (4) reperfusion therapy in elderly patients with acute MI should be considered systematically unless specific contraindications are present.

Journal Article↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Presenting symptoms, admission electrocardiogram, management, and prognosis in acute coronary syndromes: differences by age.

In a nationwide survey conducted in all 26 hospitals in Israel during February and March 2000, data were collected on 2133 consecutive acute coronary syndrome patients. The patients were divided into three age subgroups: <65 years (n=974), 65-74 years (n=500), and > or =75 years (n=639). The frequency of no anginal pain/atypical symptoms on presentation increased with age for all acute coronary syndrome patients (14%, 21%, and 32%, in the three age subgroups, respectively; p for trend <0.0001). The frequency of ST-elevation on admission electrocardiogram decreased with advancing age (59%, 46%, and 42%, in the three age subgroups, respectively; p for trend <0.0001), whereas ST-depression gradually increased (14%, 24%, and 28%, respectively; p for trend <0.0001). In multivariate analysis, variables associated with no anginal pain/atypical symptoms on presentation (in decreasing order) were: history of heart failure, age, lack of past angina, diabetes, and nonsmoking. ST-elevation was inversely associated with no anginal pain/atypical symptoms on admission (odds ratio, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.37-0.63). The use of acute reperfusion therapy significantly declined with advancing age. Seven-day, 30-day, and 1-year mortality increased with advancing age. No anginal pain/atypical symptoms on presentation were associated with an increased early and late mortality in all three age subgroups.

Adult↗