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Biomedical subjects

V V Chernin

Publications and source records attributed to V V Chernin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Choline- and histaminergic shifts as a trigger of gastroduodenal erosive-ulcer lesions in myocardial infarction].

AIM: To clarify the role of cholin- and histaminergic shifts in the onset of circulatory and functional gastric disturbances associated with erosive-ulcer gastroduodenal lesions in myocardial infarction (MI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cholin- and histamine-reactive systems, end gastroduodenal mucosal circulation were studied in 80 Ml patients with gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers divided into three groups by the disease severity. RESULTS: MI features influence characteristics and severity of gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers. The latter develop due to focal microcirculatory disorders in gastric and duodenal mucosa by thrombohemorrhagic or thromboischemic type. Moderate and severe coronary pathology is associated with higher production of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, with depressed production of gastromucoproteins, hypo- or hypermotor dyskinesia, extremely severe coronary pathology--with decline of all gastric functions except normal acid production. Erosive-ulcer lesions may be triggered by alterations in cholin-histamine systems the activity of which in moderately severe and severe MI rises but in extremely severe--lowers. CONCLUSION: Pathogenesis of erosive-ulcer lesions of the gastroduodenal zone in MI has some specific features dependent on severity of MI. This should be taken in consideration in choice of drug therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Clinico-pathogenetic variants of chronic gastritis].

AIM: To evaluate specific features of the course of chronic gastritis (CG), morphofunctional condition of gastric mucosa, vegetative regulation, adrenergic and cholinergic shifts, histamine metabolism and effects of exogenic and endogenic risk factors in CG patients; to study clinicopathogenetic variants of CG. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 311 CG patients aged from 16 to 72 years were studied. They were divided into three groups by their gastric mucosa condition. The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors. The following parameters were studied: visual and histological condition of gastric mucosa, total acidity, the levels of free hydrochloric acid, pepsin, bioelectric gastric activity, general autonomic tonicity, cholinesterase activity. RESULTS: Three clinicopathogenetic variants of the disease have been identified. Variant 1 was characterized by a recurrent course, subjective manifestation of the disease only in exacerbation, surface (primarily antral) mucosal affection, normal or enhanced secretory and motor functions of the stomach, adequate reaction of acid production to caffeine and histamine stimulation, parasympathicotonia, absolute hyperhistaminemia, relative hypoacetylcholinemia, subnormal urinary excretion of adrenalin. Variant 2 manifested with rare recurrences, longer and more severe exacerbations, frequent spontaneous and provoked aggravations, moderate focal atrophy of the mucosa, secretory insufficiency with adequate reaction to histamine and minor to caffeine stimuli, hypomotor gastric dyskinesia, vegetative eutonia, normohistaminemia, absolute hypoacetylcholinemia, subnormal urinary excretion of noradrenaline. Variant 3 runs without definite remissions and exacerbations, with continuous abdominal pain and dyspepsia, frequent spontaneous aggravations, marked extended mucosal atrophy with secretory insufficiency up to achlorhydria, no stimulation of acid production in response to caffeine and histamine, gastric hypomotility, sympathicotonia, absolute hypohistaminemia, hypoacetylcholinemia, normal urinary excretion of catecholamines. CONCLUSION: The findings expand our knowledge about clinicopathogenetic variants of CG and necessitate new approaches to development of effective methods of CG prevention and treatment.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed2004

[Ulcer recurrence and gastroduodenal dysbacteriosis].

The studies that were conducted for 82 patients with ulcer established that 22 genera of microorganisms including H. pylori in a combination from 2 up to 8 various microbial cultures can be secured from the biopsy of the mucous coat of the pre-ulcer zone at the acute phase of recurrence. They have high enzymatic and cytotoxic activity. This draws together microbiological characteristics of the ulcer defect with parameters of the infected wound and corresponds to dysbacteriosis of the third degree. The data obtained form the basis for considering that the exacerbation of ulcer is accompanied by expressed dysbiotic shifts depending on the recurrence phase. It is necessary for taking this into account in the development of methods of adequate therapy for the disease aimed at the suppression of the excess growth of mucous microflora and restoration of normal microbiocenosis in the gastroduodenal zone.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Clinico-morphological features of acute gastroduodenal erosion and ulcers in an unstable course of myocardial ischemia and role in disturbances of microcirculation, stomach function and their development].

AIM: Determination of clinicomorphological characteristics of acute gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in unstable course of IHD and the role of disorders in microcirculation, hemostasis, gastric function in development of these erosions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinically and endoscopically were examined 124 patients with unstable IHD. By detected gastroduodenal changes the patients were divided into three groups. The study was also made of local and systemic microcirculation, hemostasis, gastric functions. RESULTS: Acute gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in unstable course of ischemic heart disease manifest with mild abdominal pains and gastric dyspepsia for several days. Disorders in the gastroduodenal zone arise because of focal disturbances of terminal circulation in the mucose according to thromboischemic or thrombohemorrhagic types related to generalized changes of microcirculation and hematasis. High activity of acid-peptic factor, low production of gastromucoproteins and hypomotor dyskinesia of the stomach contribute to development of erosive-ulcerous lesions. CONCLUSION: The above information is useful for early diagnosis of acute gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in unstable course of IHD and upgrading of therapeutic measures.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Clinical and pathogenetic features of recurrent and acute peptic ulcer in acute coronary syndrome].

Clinico-pathogenetic characteristics of recurrent ulcer disease and acute ulcers were studied in 84 patients with unstable coronary heart disease (CHD). It was found that a relapse of ulcer disease (UD) in CHD presents with moderate abdominal pain without a typical circadian rhythm and with dyspepsia registered, as a rule, for 2 weeks. Acute ulcers often manifested with weak epigastric pain and symptoms of gastric dyspepsia observed usually for several days of hospital treatment. Gastroduodenal bleeding had obscure clinical picture but complicated recurrent UD and acute ulcers in 29.4 and 50% cases, respectively. The recurrence of UD in CHD developed in the presence of focal thrombohemorrhagic disorders of microcirculation in the tissues of gastroduodenal zone, high activity of the acid-peptic factor, low mucus production, hypomotor gastric dyskinesia, detection of Helicobacter pylori (HP). Acute ulcers are most frequently associated with focal thromboischemic disorders of end blood flow, minor changes in pepsin and mucoprotein production, prominent hypomotor gastric dyskinesia and, in 10% cases, HP.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Clinical symptoms of erosive and ulcerous lesions of gastroduodenal zone in patients with unstable ischemic heart disease and the significance of endoscopy in diagnosis].

We studied 103 patients with unstable ischemic heart disease and clinical signs of gastroduodenal injury. Among them 62 (60.2%) patients had moderate gastric dyspepsia and abdominal pain during first 1-5 days of hospitalization. In 17 (16.5%) cases these clinical symptoms were accompanied with symptoms of gastroduodenal hemorrhage. Twenty four patients (23.3%) with history of ulcer disease or chronic gastritis, were asymptomatic. In 96 (93.2%) patients endoscopy performed mainly on days 20-24 of hospital stay detected gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers: acute ulcers were found in 19.4, acute erosions - in 40.8, exacerbations of peptic ulcer - in 33.0% of patients. Clinical symptoms of gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions often did not reflect character, severity and dynamics of pathological process. Therefore gastro- duodenoscopy had decisive importance for diagnosis and assessment of effect of treatment. Endoscopy should be carried out with due consideration of concomitant coronary pathology.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMed2003

[Microflora of the gastroduodenal zone and morphological characteristics of phases of recurrent peptic ulcer].

The studies conducted for 126 patients with stomach and duodenal ulcers revealed that at the acute state of recurrent ulcer activation of the microflora displaying pathogenetic signs and corresponding to the third or fourth degree of dysbacteriosis takes place in the ulcerous defect zone along with microcirculatory disorders, necrotic inflammatory processes and reduction of the lysozyme content in tissues. This allows comparing ulcers of the gastroduodenal zone to an infected wound. At the sub-acute phase of recurrent ulcer (next one or two weeks) microbiological changes in the per-ulcer zone reduce to dysbacteriosis of the second or third degree as inflammatory and necrotic processes cease, an at the phase of cicatrisation and epithelization they are similar to normal biocenosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Pathogenetic basis of the application of calcium antagonists in the treatment of recurrent peptic ulcer].

Examination of 150 ulcer patients determined that the exacerbation of the disease proceeds against the background of essential augmentation of calcium in the blood, which is most expressed at the acute phase of relapse, at the localization of ulcer in the duodenum, in men of young age. This is accompanied by the rising production of hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen, decrease of production of gastromucoproteins, hypermotor dyskinesia of stomach, hypocoagulation, infringement of microcirculation in the mucous coat of the gastroduodenal zone displayed as microthromboses, plasmorrhagias, hemorrhages. The inclusion of the calcium antagonist Corinfarum in the complex therapy reliably accelerates the liquidation of signs of relapse, reduces terms, increases the percentage of ulcer cicatrisation, and promotes normalization of stomach functions, calcium balance, hemostasis and microcirculation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Quality of life and attitude to the disease in patients with chronic gastritis].

Examination of 118 patients with various morphofunctional types of chronic gastritis for quality of life (QL) and personal attitude (PA) to the disease has revealed that in non-atrophic gastritis QL deteriorates moderately because of the diet, diagnostic procedures and treatment. PA is anxious, neurastenic, sensitive and hypochondriac; in focal atrophic gastritis QL is the same but PA is less negative, primarily adequate; in diffuse atrophic gastritis there are the worst trends in QL because of the disease, abnormal physical activity and routine life, PA is hypochondric, melancholic, neurastenic and egocentric. Thus, therapeutic policy in various morphofunctional types of chronic gastritis should account for personality reactions of the patients and deterioration of life quality. This allows maintenance of social and medical adaptation of the patients, development of adequate mechanisms of psychological defence, adequate treatment compliance.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Chronic gastritis: keys to understanding the internal picture of the disease].

Complex examination of 311 patients with chronic gastritis allows to differentiate three clinical types of this disease. The first type is characterized by superficial mucous disorders with constant or increased secretory function and motility of the stomach. It has relapsing course with moderate decrease of patient's life quality. The abdominal pains and dyspepsia are observed only at periods of exacerbation. Anxiety-phobic and anxiety-depressive tendencies prevail in the mental status. The attitude to illness differs mainly by emotional-willed disorders. Insomnia is manifested by a slight delay in awakening. Focal atrophic gastritis with moderate decrease in secretory and motor functions of the stomach is typical for the second type. It develops as relapsing or monotonous suffering with insignificant decrease in patient's life quality. The pains and dyspepsia in residual state persist after exacerbation reduction. The changes in the mental status are rare. The patient's attitude to the illness is basically adequate. Slight disturbances of falling asleep prevail among sleep disorders. Diffuse atrophic gastritis with secretory failure reaching the degree of an achlorhydria and hypokinesis of stomach are observed in the third type. The course of the disease is basically monotonous with pronounced decrease in patient's life quality, with the obstinate abdominal pains and dyspepsia irrespective of the exacerbation phases of chronic gastritis. A combination of asthenic and neurotic complaints and combined sleep disorders are typical. Emotional disorders with disharmonization of personality accompanied by signs of their social and mental disadaptation are observed in the patient's mental status.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2002

[Status of vegetative tone and significance of changes in it in formation of erosive-ulcer damage to the gastroduodenal zone in patients with an unstable course of ischemic heart disease].

It was shown in 60 examined patients, that the development of erosive-ulcer disorders of stomach and duodenum under unstable course of ischemic heart disease (IHD) takes place on a background of activation of the central contour of autonomic regulation, expressed sympathicotonia and reduced of vagus influences. The revealed changes of autonomic tonus can promote to arising of disorders of hemostasis, microcirculation and stomach functions what are the leading factors in pathogenesis of gastroduodenal pathology. In spite of stereotype character of autonomic disorders, the serious disorders of the terminal blood flow in gastoduodenal tissues, increase of acid-peptic activity and the reduce of mucopolysaccharides are found out only in the persons with erosions and ulcers. It testifies to the necessity of further specification of the mechanisms of its development in the patients with unstable course of IHD.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Microflora of the peri-ulcer zone in patients with ulcer disease and its sensitivity to antibacterial agents].

The investigations carried out on 126 patients with ulcer disease has shown that from bioptates of periulcer mucosa it is possible to elicit 21 kinds of microorganisms including H. pylori, in quantity 2.8-5.76 lg KOE in 1 gr of bioptate in a combination from 2 to 6 various microbial cultures. They have hemocatheretic, lecithin, urease, gelatinous, DRNA, RNA, katalase activity and cytotoxic properties, what makes the microbiological characteristics of ulcer defect close to parameters of contaminated wound. The given circumstance allows to conclude that in treatment of ulcer relapse it is necessary to suppress the activity not only H. pylori, but also another high pathogenic microbial flora. The testing of various antibacterial medications to microorganisms of periulcer zone has shown, that Ampicillin had the greatest effect in a combination with Gentamicin or Ofloxacin.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Microcirculation in patients with chronic gastritis depending on its exacerbation severity and morphological type].

The study of microvasculature in bioptic specimens of gastric mucosa and of conjunctival microcirculation from 254 patients with chronic gastritis revealed that exacerbation of the disease proceeds with severe disorders of terminal blood flow which are typical for the chronic relapse trombohemorrhagic syndrome and have generalized character. The microvascular disorders is manifested by plasma- and hemorrhages, by microvascular spasm and dilatation, intravascular hemostasis and microthrombosis. These manifestations were more expressed over the period of bright marked exacerbation of the disease and in patients with erosive affection of gastric mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Features of mucosal flora associated with relapse of ulcers and acute erosive-ulcer damage to the gastroduodenal zone during an unstable course of ischemic heart disease].

There was a study of 34 patients both with an unstable course of ischemic heart disease and a recurrence of ulcer or acute gastroduodenal ulcers and erosions. Irrespective of the nature of the pathologic process 14-15 different genera and species of microorganisms with features of potential pathogenecity were revealed in the tissue samplings from the periulcerous and perierosive zones of the mucosa. The greatest frequency, quantity and fermentative activity were marked in staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci and candidas. H. pylori yielded to a number of specimens of the gastroduodenal zone microbiocenosis in this regard. A less marked activation of the microflora pathogenic potential was observed in the intact mucosa remote from the lesions as in its tissue samplings 10-12 genera and species of microorganisms were revealed. The pathomicrobiocenosis being formed there might inhibit the healing of gastroduodenal erosions and ulcers in patients with an unstable course of ischemic heart disease, which must be taken into consideration in the development of methods for their treatment and prophylaxis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Features of mucosal flora associated with relapsed ulcer and acute erosive-ulcer damage of the gastroduodenal zone in an unstable course of myocardial ischemia].

The findings indicate that erosive and ulcerous lesions of the gastroduodenal zone in case of an unstable course of ischemic heart disease are accompanied by an increase in the microbial semination of its mucous coat and induction of enzymatic activity of bacteria and fungi. The pathomicrobiocenosis being formed there can reinforce inflammatory and necrotic changes and inhibit their elimination. This should be taken into consideration when studying the pathogenesis mechanisms of erosive and ulcerous stomach and duodenal lesions in case of an unstable course of ischemic disease and developing methods for their prevention and treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Trans-endoscopic treatment of recurrent gastroduodenal ulcers by a combination therapy with lysozyme, molecular iodine and poly-iodides].

Pathogenesis substantiation and clinical efficiency of transendoscopic treatment of the patients with gastroduodenal ulcers relapse by lysozyme compound with molecular iodine and polyiodides are presented in this paper. The relapse of peptic ulcer was accompanied by lysozyme decrease and helicobacter's sowing increase in stomach and duodenal mucosa, as well as activity mucosa flora increase, especially in periulcer's region. This fact has drown near ulcer's defect and infected wound. Significant microbicidal and sorptional effects to the revealed strains of microorganisms, mucous membrane barrier properties increase and shortening of the peptic ulcer's scarring time on 8 days were demonstrated after transendoscopic treatment of the peptic ulcer with iodine lysozyme 3-4 times.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1992

[Chronic gastritis from the aspect of a thrombohemorrhagic syndrome].

As many as 148 patients were examined to demonstrate that chronic gastritis (CG) runs its course in the presence of marked changes in microcirculation and hemostasis which go into the framework of the chronic recurrent thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. The manifestations of the latter one were more appreciable in a dramatic exacerbation of the disease, erosive gastritis, diffuse atrophy of the mucous membrane and secretory insufficiency of the stomach, and disease standing over 10 years. The disorders indicated are involved into the pathogenesis of CG and promote the development of morphofunctional alterations in the gastric mucosa.

Adult↗