Virus agent KR95 was isolated from the liver of dieoff chickens during an outbreak of hydropericarditis syndrome at a poultry farm in Russia. Electron microscopic examination of the virus morphology, comparative restriction cleavage map construction, DNA-DNA hybridization, and analysis of structural proteins from purified and disrupted virions showed that the agent is to be classified as type 1 avian adenovirus.

Adenoviridae Infections↗

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[Role of electrochemical potential in urinary tract function].

Rhythmic changes produced by impulse waves, respiratory and other movements are able to convert mechanical energy of the urine in the pelvis to electric energy because urine is a high-concentration electrolyte. With filling and extension of the pelvic wall, when epithelial coating is transforming from multilayer to one-layer, its resistance to electric current lowers. Growing pelvic volume in the course of the pelvis filling is accompanied by increasing electrical potential in the pelvic wall in parallel with a decline in urothelial resistance. Accumulation of electrochemical potential in the submucous layer and interstitial intermuscular spaces is a powerful stimulator of the neuromuscular elements of the urinary tracts. Their rhythmic engagement is controlled by baroreceptor pelvic mechanisms and distal urinary tracts. Such a pace-maker is functional. It does not need special morphological structures, as its activity is determined by electrochemical potential accumulated rhythmically in the wall. This potential depends on composition and properties of the urine which are related to renal functions and homeostasis.

Action Potentials↗

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[Severe complication of transbronchial puncture, corrected by surgery].

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Bronchi↗

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[Prolit in the treatment and prophylaxis of nephrolithiasis].

In the course of prolit treatment there was a spontaneous evacuation of small concrements from renal calyces and ureters in 11 (27.5%) patients, dilution of the concrements and reduction in size of the latter were observed in prolit combination with blemaren (2 patients--5% and 7 patients--17.5%, respectively). Overall response was 50% while that to cyston--16.7%. Diuretic, anti-inflammatory and plastic actions of prolit manifested in 100% patients with disappearance of salts from urinary sediment, abatement of microhematuria and mild leukocyturia. Thus, prolit is a highly effective food additive in the treatment of nephrolithiasis and opens new perspectives in the treatment of urolithiasis.

Adult↗

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[Tamsulosin in the treatment of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia of the urinary bladder in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Urination disorders occur in 80% patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Most common of them is detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD). Alpha1-adrenoblockers can relax the neck of the urinary bladder (UB) and urethral sphincters, thus eliminating dynamic obstruction, reducing resistance to urine flow and facilitating voiding. Our study assessed feasibility of using a selective alpha1A/D-adrenoblocker tamsulosin in MS-associated DSD. The choice of this alpha-adrenoblocker was based on its high safety profile in relation to cardiovascular system. The trial enrolled 28 patients (20 females and 8 males) with verified diagnosis of DSD. They were given tamsulosin (omnik) in a dose 0.4 mg/day (1 capsule) for 2 months. To the end of the trial quality of life raised in 96% patients. Occurrence of pollakiuria, number of imperative micturate urges diminished, the IPSS score decreased by 54%, QL index improved by 58%. There was also a decrease in the volume of the residual urine, amplitude of involuntary detrusor contractions, an increase in maximal volumic speed of urine flow, cystometric volume of the UB, mean urine volume in urination. Side effects were not registered. Thus, tamsulosin has a positive effect in voiding disorders in the presence of DSD associated with MS. This considerably improves quality of life of MS patients.

Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists↗

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[Structural basis for differences in substrate specificity of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes].

X-Ray structural data concerning the substrate binding site of cytosolic chicken aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) are reported. The structure of the complex of AspAT with the substrate-like inhibitor maleate has been refined at 2.2 A resolution. The lengths of hydrogen bonds between a bound molecule of maleate and side chains of amino acid residues in the active site are presented as well as other interatomic distances in the substrate binding site. The data obtained for the cytosolic AspAT have been compared with those for the mitochondrial chicken AspAT. It has been inferred that differences in substrate specificity of the AspAT isoenzymes are determined by interactions involving amino acid residues which are situated in the immediate vicinity of the active site and influence ionization or orientation of functional groups interacting with substrate. An explanation is suggested for different rates of transamination of aromatic amino acids in the active sites of the cytosolic and mitochondrial isoenzymes.

Amino Acids↗

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