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Biomedical subjects

V Stein

Publications and source records attributed to V Stein.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The effects of Love Canal soil extracts on maternal health and fetal development in rats.

The effects of a solvent extract of the surface soil of the Love Canal chemical dump site, Niagara Falls, New York, and of a natural extract, or leachate, which is drained from the canal for treatment, on the maternal health and fetal development were determined in rats. The solvent extract, which was contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2, 3,7,8-TCDD) at 170 ppb and numerous other chlorinated organic compounds with the primary identified components being the isomers of benzenehexachloride (BHC), was dissolved in corn oil and administered by gavage to pregnant rats at 0,25,75, or 150 mg crude extract/kg/day on Days 6-15 of gestation. A 67% mortality was observed at the highest dose. The rats were sacrificed on Day 20. Dose-related increases in relative liver weight accompanied by hepatocyte hypertrophy were observed at all dose levels. Fetal birthweight was decreased at 75 and 150 mg extract/kg/day. No major treatment-related soft tissue or skeletal malformations, except for delayed ossification, were observed. Based on literature values for BHC, all of the observed toxicity could be accounted for by the BHC contaminants of the extract. The crude organic phase of the leachate was administered to pregnant rats at 0,10,100, or 250 mg/kg/day as described above. Maternal weight gain decreased at 100 and 250 mg/kg/day, accompanied by 5 and 14% maternal mortality, and 1 and 3 dead fetuses, respectively. Early resorptions and the percentage of dead implants increased whereas fetal birthweights were decreased at 250 mg/kg/day. No major treatment-related soft tissue or skeletal malformations, except for delayed ossification, were observed. The primary components of the complex leachate by mass were tetrachloroethanes; however, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, which was present at 3 ppm, probably accounted for all the observed toxicity.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mirex kinetics in the rhesus monkey. I. Disposition and excretion.

Three female rhesus monkeys were given 14C-Mirex (5.23 mCi/mmol) iv (two animals) or po (one animal) in a dose of about 1 mg/kg for the purpose of determining the distribution and excretion of this polycyclic perchlorinated insecticide. Blood, plasma, urine, feces, and tissue samples were analyzed for 14C content. Monkeys were autopsied 23, 106, and 388 days after receiving 14C-Mirex. Following iv administration, plasma 14C showed a rapid decrease over the first few hours from the initial high levels. In the monkey given the compound orally, 14C first appeared in the plasma at 2 hr and reached a maximum at 5 hr. Thereafter, the decline in plasma radioactivity paralleled that found in the animals dosed i.v. After 2 weeks, the rate of decline in all animals was very slow. Excretion and tissue distribution of Mirex were essentially the same whether the compound was given po or iv. Less than 0.6% of the dose was found in the urine. 14C was excreted in the feces for the duration of the experiment with a maximum cumulative excretion of 7% after 388 days. At autopsy all tissues analyzed contained 14C. The highest concentration of 14C was found in the fat (estimated to contain at least 80% of the dose), followed by adrenal, peripheral nerve, thyroid, and skin. Chemical analysis of the nature of the radioactivity in fat and feces showed that at least 95% and was present as unchanged Mirex. There was a small amount of a compound more polar than Mirex in the feces, containing less than 3% of the fecal radioactivity.

Animals↗