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Biomedical subjects

V Srinivasan

Publications and source records attributed to V Srinivasan.

171 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
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The effect of vagotomy and hydrocortisone administration on pulmonary surfactant activity in adult albino rats.

The role of vagus and hydrocortisone in the regulation of lung surfactant was studied in adult albino rats. Dynamic surface tension and phospholipid content were measured in the lung wash for estimating surfactant activity. The results indicate that vagotomy significantly decreases the surfactant activity whereas hydrocortisone does not alter it. But when hydrocortisone was administered prior to vagotomy it could prevent the decrease in surfactant activity. Thus it is concluded the regulation of lung surfactant in the adult lung is mainly by vagus nerve and hydrocortisone as such has no role but in the absence of vagal regulation hydrocortisone could maintain normal lung surfactant activity.

Animals↗
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Study of lung surfactant activity in guinea pigs after vagotomy.

Vagotomy in guinea-pigs reduces the pulmonary surfactant activity. Unilateral vagotomy brings about a similar reduction in the lung on the same side. The findings indicate that surfactant reduction may be an important causative factor in the initiation of pulmonary edema in vagotomised guinea-pigs. It is suggested that surfactant synthesis or release may be affected by alterations in the pulmonary blood flow or removal of the effect of neuro-secretory fibres, following vagotomy.

Animals↗
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Effect of cowdung smoke inhalation on E.C.G. of rats.

The present study was conducted on 20 adult albino rats divided into group I (n = 10) and group II (n = 10). Group I animals were exposed to cowdung smoke for 60 min twice a day for a period of 75 days whereas group II served as control. ECG of control rats was essentially similar to that of man. ST segment was absent, Q wave absent or rudimentary and the mean QRS axis + 45 degrees. Rats exposed to cowdung smoke revealed a significant increase in PR interval and a mean QRS of + 117.5 degrees. Our results indicate that inhalation of cowdung smoke leads to conduction defects and right axis deviation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Is vegetarianism a precipitating factor for gallstones in cirrhotics?

AIM: To study the association of factors such as alcohol, smoking and vegetarianism with presence of gallstones amongst cirrhotics. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data on alcoholism, smoking and vegetarianism was collected from the case records of 669 cirrhotics with (76) or without gallstones (593) retrospectively. Relative risk for the factors was computed individually and in combination controlling for the effects of alcoholism and smoking on vegetarianism. RESULTS: Alcoholism and smoking were of low relative risk [R.R-1.27 (95% CI 0.82 to 1.96), and 1.02 (95% CI 0.65 to 1.61) respectively] while vegetarianism was associated with high risk for gallstone formation in cirrhotics [R.R 2.74 (95% CI 1.65-4.53)]. Vegetarian men had a relative risk of 3.02 (95% CI 1.75-5.22) irrespective of their alcoholic status. If women were alcoholic the relative risk increased to 7.03 (95% CI 3.26-15.12). Controlling for effects of gender and alcoholism, vegetarian cirrhotics had a 3 times greater risk for gallstone formation [Mantel Haenszel Relative Risk 3.18 (95% CI MHRR 1.82-5.56)]. CONCLUSIONS: Cirrhotic, vegetarian women in South India have a much higher risk for gallstones, if they are alcoholic. Alcoholic men who are vegetarians are at a greater risk for gallstone disease.

Alcoholism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Composition of gallstones in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu State.

BACKGROUND: Gallstones in northern India are predominantly of the cholesterol type; such information on gallstones in southern India is scant. AIM: To analyze the composition of gallstones from patients residing in Coimbatore District in Tamil Nadu State. METHODS: The stones were classified using the Bernhoft criteria and was correlated with the morphological characteristics. RESULTS: Of the 105 gallstones analyzed, 67 (63.8%) were of the pigment variety and 36 (34.8%) of the intermediate/mixed type. There were only two cholesterol stones. The mean proportions of cholesterol, bilirubin and calcium in the pigment and intermediate stones were 7.1%, 26.1% and 7.8% and 30.2%, 18.4% and 6.3%, respectively. The mean proportion of bilirubin in the pigment stones was higher than in the intermediate type. Morphologically, pigment stones were black in 55% and amorphous in 63%; the intermediate stones were hard in 50% and of variegated color ranging from yellow to ivory white in 61%; both cholesterol stones were multiple, hard and brown. CONCLUSIONS: There is a predominance of pigment and intermediate gallstones (98%) in this district. These stones have reduced cholesterol and an increase in bilirubin and calcium proportions.

Adult↗