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Biomedical subjects

V Sharma

Publications and source records attributed to V Sharma.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The effect of anti-reactional drugs on complement components in the type II, erythema nodosum leprosum, reaction.

Seventeen patients with the type II (erythema nodosum leprosum) (ENL) reaction were studied. They received multidrug therapy and also the anti-reactional drugs prednisolone clofazimine or chloroquin, and we measured serum levels of complement components before treatment and after the reaction had subsided. Factor B was significantly elevated after treatment with each of the three drugs. C3 levels were significantly increased after treatment, the largest change being in patients treated with clofazimine. In these patients there was also a concomitant decrease in C3d levels. This suggests that clofazimine has complement modulating activity and we would recommend it as the drug of choice in treatment of the ENL reaction.

Chloroquine↗
PubMed1988

Scalp colonization by Trichophyton tonsurans in an urban pediatric clinic. ?Asymptomatic carrier state.

Random culturing of the scalp in 200 healthy children in a large metropolitan children's hospital revealed that eight (4%) of the patients had cultures that were positive for Trichophyton tonsurans variety sulfureum. Infections were not clinically apparent and were asymptomatic. All of the patients with positive cultures were black and six braided their hair. Trichophyton tonsurans appears to exist in an asymptomatic state in this well-defined population of children.

Black People↗
PubMed1987

Characterization and epitope mapping of a human monoclonal antibody reactive with the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus.

A human monoclonal antibody (IgG2, lambda), 1B8.env, was produced, reactive with the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The antibody specifically stains cells infected with HIV, as assessed by indirect immunofluorescence analysis and reacts with determinants displayed on the surface of infected cells. In Western blot analysis, the antibody reacts with bands of 160 and 41 kD, consistent with the precursor and transmembrane forms of the HIV envelope glycoprotein. The antibody also reacts specifically in immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis with cells infected with the recombinant vaccinia virus VSC-25, which contains the envelope gene of HIV. With the lambda gt11 expression vector, the epitope recognized by 1B8.env was mapped to a region of 11 amino acids in the coding region of gp41. This domain is highly conserved between several otherwise highly variable HIV isolates. In addition, this epitope appears to be recognized by the vast majority of HIV seropositive individuals. Although antibody IB8.env does not neutralize HIV virion infectivity or virally mediated cell fusion, the results presented here demonstrate the feasibility of generating and characterizing human monoclonal antibodies to HIV with these techniques. Additional antibodies produced in this manner will help to further characterize the humoral response to HIV infection, define biologically significant determinants on HIV proteins, and may be useful in clinical applications.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

Ultrasound-guided peritoneal oocyte and sperm transfer.

Peritoneal oocyte and sperm transfer (POST) was performed under ultrasound guidance and local anesthesia by the transabdominovesical route for a patient with unexplained infertility. This resulted in an intrauterine pregnancy confirmed by a raised beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level and an ultrasound scan.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Scalp heat flux and its relationship to scalp blood pH of the fetus.

A method for directly assessing the metabolic rate of the fetus for optimal management of labor and delivery is still being studied. Since heat, an end product of metabolism, is dissipated from the fetal surface, we measured the heat flux from the fetal scalp and related it to the pH of fetal scalp blood, a measure of metabolism. In 25 human fetuses at risk of intrapartum hypoxia, after the membranes had ruptured and the cervix dilated to greater than 3 cm, we attached a heat flux transducer, a platelet of 2.5 cm diameter and 1 mm thickness, to the fetal scalp and recorded continuously the heat flux from then until delivery. We also obtained one sample of fetal scalp blood in all patients and two such samples in 13 patients for the analysis of pH. We found a significant correlation between heat flux measured immediately before the scalp blood sampling (presampling values) and the pH of fetal scalp blood (r = 0.736; n = 18 presampling values; p less than 0.001). Out of 13 fetuses with two scalp blood samples, the changes in the scalp heat flux paralleled changes in scalp blood pH in 11. We conclude that fetal scalp heat flux is related to the metabolic condition of the fetus. Measuring scalp heat flux during labor could be developed into a noninvasive method for a continuous and more direct assessment of the fetal metabolic rate.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the measurement and pharmacodynamics of human follicle-stimulating hormone.

The levels of immunoreactive follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), cortisol, and estradiol (E2) have been determined in serial samples of peripheral plasma from four subjects during the continuous, subcutaneous administration of Buserelin (Hoechst [UK] Ltd., Hounslow, UK) (250 micrograms/day) and after the intramuscular injection of purified, urinary FSH (Metrodin, Serono Laboratories [UK] Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, UK) (150 IU). During Buserelin administration the geometric mean levels of FSH and LH as measured by immunoradiometric assay were reduced by 87% and 37%, respectively, when compared with the corresponding values for days 1 and 2 of the menstrual cycle. After the intramuscular injection of FSH, peak levels (from 3.4 to 6.2 IU/l) occurred in peripheral plasma between 6 and 18 hours later. The levels were significantly elevated after 72 hours (P less than 0.01, Student's paired t-test). There was no obvious effect of the drugs on the circadian rhythms of plasma PRL or cortisol, and no significant effect on the circulatory levels of LH or E2.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Two years' experience of ultrasound-directed oocyte retrieval.

The first 2 years' data of an outpatient-based in vitro fertilization program relying on transabdominal transvesical ultrasound-directed oocyte retrieval (TUDOR) is presented. A total of 935 patients were treated. Ovarian stimulation was performed in 1538 cycles, oocyte retrieval in 1226, and embryo transfer in 960. All ovaries were accessible for oocyte retrieval, even in those patients in whom laparoscopic retrieval had failed previously or was deemed impossible. No major complications due to TUDOR occurred and the incidence of all complications was 1.5%. The clinical pregnancy rate was 19.0% per embryo transfer, but increased throughout the 2 years to 30.0% per embryo transfer. The technique is easy to learn, effective, and appears to be superior to laparoscopy in terms of ovarian accessibility and safety.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗