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Biomedical subjects

V Rodriguez

Publications and source records attributed to V Rodriguez.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Feasibility of administering aminoglycoside antibiotics by continuous intravenous infusion.

Eleven patients each received gentamicin sulfate, tobramycin, and sisomicin by continuous intravenous infusion after an initial loading dose. Subsequent doses of antibiotic were adjusted in an attempt to maintain constant serum concentrations. There was considerable variation in the serum concentration from patient to patient and in the same patient from day to day with each drug. Although the dosages of gentamicin sulfate and tobramycin were similar, the serum concentrations of the latter drug were consistently lower. Despite the daily administration of doses of at least 300 mg of gentamicin and tobramycin per m(2) and 160 mg of sisomicin per m(2), nephrotoxicity occurred in only three patients. This is a low frequency of nephrotoxicity, considering the dosages of drug administered. Although therapeutic efficacy was not an objective of this study, 8 of 11 documented infections were cured. This approach to the administration of aminoglycoside antibiotics deserves therapeutic trials.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Pharmacology of amikacin in humans.

Amikacin is a new aminoglycoside antibiotic which is active in vitro against most isolates of gram-negative bacilli. A dose of 300 mg/m(2) intramuscularly produced a highest mean serum concentration of 25.4 mug/ml with a mean serum concentration of 3.1 mug/ml at 8 h. The same dose intravenously produced a highest mean serum concentration of 52.4 mug/ml with a mean serum concentration of 2.1 mug/ml at 8 h. The mean urinary excretion during the first 6 h was 75 and 66%, respectively. When amikacin was administered at a dose of 150 mg/m(2) every 6 h, there was evidence of some drug accumulation. A loading dose of 150 mg/m(2) administered intravenously over 30 min followed by 200 mg/m(2) administered as a continuous infusion every 6 h maintained serum concentrations of 8 mug/ml. No major toxicity was observed with any of these drug regimens.

Amikacin↗
PubMed1973

Clinical pharmacology of ticarcillin (alpha-carboxyl-3-thienylmethyl penicillin, BRL-2288).

Clinical pharmacological studies of ticarcillin (alpha-carboxyl-3-thienylmethyl penicillin, BRL-2288) were conducted in patients with metastatic cancer and leukemia. After administration of 0.5 g intramuscularly, 1 g intramuscularly, and 1 g intravenously, the mean peak concentrations in serum were 18, 35, and 106 mug/ml, respectively. Greater than 80% of ticarcillin was excreted in the urine during the subsequent 6-h period. The mean concentrations in the serum of patients 15 min after they received an intravenous injection of 4 g of ticarcillin with and without probenecid were 508 and 519 mug/ml, respectively. Serum levels were determined in patients who received ticarcillin for therapy of infection in doses of 5 g every 6 h. The mean drug concentration in serum 15 min after the rapid administration of the first dose was 433 mug/ml. Subsequent doses were given during a 2-h infusion and the study was repeated 2 days later. The average initial serum level (4 h after the completion of the preceding dose) was 19 mug/ml, and the mean serum level at 15 min was 213 mug/ml. Drug concentrations in the serum of patients receiving ticarcillin by infusion in doses of 3.5 g every 4 h were also determined. In patients with normal renal function, the average initial serum level (2 h after completion of the preceding dose) was 49 mug/ml and the mean level at 15 min was 210 mug/ml. Drug concentrations in the serum of patients with impaired renal function were considerably higher. No detectable levels of ticarcillin were found in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1973

Ticarcillin therapy of infections.

Ticarcillin was administered as initial therapy during 73 episodes of infections occurring in 69 adults with neoplastic diseases. During the first six infections, doses of 5 gm were dissolved in 200 ml of solvent and administered intravenously over a 2-h period every 6 h. Four of six infections responded to therapy. However, two of the five Pseudomonas infections failed to respond, whereas the organisms causing the infection were sensitive to ticarcillin in vitro. During the remaining 67 infections, doses of 3.5 g were similarly dissolved and administered intravenously over a 2-h period every 4 h. The overall response to ticarcillin in these 67 infections was 43%. However, 18 of 20 Pseudomonas infections, three Proteus spp. infections, and one infection caused by H. influenzae responded. Only 1 of 7 infections caused by mixed organisms and 5 of 13 infections in which the etiologic agent could not be identified responded. Ticarcillin was ineffective against the majority of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. infections, organisms which were resistant to ticarcillin in vitro. The majority of patients were neutropenic, but the response rate was not dependent on the number of circulating polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes. Superinfection occurred in seven patients. Erythematous skin rash occurred in two patients, which subsided after discontinuation of the drug. No liver or renal toxicity occurred that could be attributed to ticarcillin.

Adult↗