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Biomedical subjects

V Rodriguez

Publications and source records attributed to V Rodriguez.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Microbiological quality of French yogurts commercialized in Spain.

The microbiological quality has been evaluated in 6 batches of yogurt (plain, flavoured and fruit-added) produced commercially in France and purchased in Spain. The essential microflora: Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, and contaminants (coliform bacteria, yeasts and molds) were checked. The pH was also measured. The totality of the samples tested fulfilled French and Spanish regulation with respect to the presence of viable yogurt organisms. Likewise, in 100% of the yogurts, counts of contaminants were under 10 cfu/g. The pH ranged between 3.92 and 4.19.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Juxta- or trans-condylar lateral extension of the posterior suboccipital approach. Anatomical study, surgical aspects].

In order to improve the surgical approach to tumors and aneurysms of the anterior or antero-lateral aspect of the foramen magnum, some authors have proposed a lateral extension of the posterior sub-occipital approach to the occipital condyle including in some cases its partial or complete resection. The evaluation of this close medio-condylar or trans-condylar suboccipital approach has been performed on eight coloured-latex injected specimens in the conditions of a microsurgical operation. The extra- and intradural steps have been studied so as to define the optimal position of the patient's head and the surgeon and to precise the accessible anatomical structures: Vertebral artery (and its control), Cranial nerves IX, X, XI & XII, Posterior-inferior cerebellar artery and collaterals, Vertebro-basilar junction, antero-lateral aspect of the brain stem and spinal cord. Depending on the extent of the condylar resection, the lateral extension of the posterior sub-occipital approach may be defined as minimal, moderate or large. Based on anatomical and surgical constations it appears that a complete resection of the occipital condyle (resulting in occipito-cervical instability) should be reserved for those very extensive lesions. Yet a partial drilling of the condyle provides a better angle of approach, minimises the hazards of retraction of nervous structures and enables the surgeon to take the best advantage of the dissection and control of the vertebral artery.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Contribution of ultrasonic cavitation--CO2 laser combination in the excision of panmedullary ependymoma].

The authors report an uncommon case of panmedullary ependymoma (C2 to T12), totally removed in one stage with the use of ultrasonic cavitation and CO2 laser. The preoperative topographical diagnosis without M.R.I. was very difficult. CO2 laser in addition with ultrasonic cavitation allows the removal of the tumor without any prohibitive tractions on the spinal cord. The stable course with a long follow-up period (seven years) confirms the good prognosis of such a pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Usher syndrome: results of a screening program in Colombia.

Otological, ophthalmological and genetic studies were performed in 46 patients with Usher syndrome, identified through a screening program in Colombia. Of them, 69.6% had Usher syndrome type I, 26.1% type II, and 4.3% type III. Thirty-three patients showed profound deafness (71.7%), while 13 (28.3%) had moderate to severe hearing loss. The ophthalmologic manifestations showed marked variability. Although the majority of the patients had serious ocular impairment before age 20, 32.6% had good central visual acuity. The prevalence of Usher syndrome in Colombia, estimated at 3.2/100,000, warrants the implementation of screening programs in schools for the deaf and for the blind. Our study confirms that Usher syndrome shows no geographic or racial variation and that the disorder has a wide variability of expression and genetic heterogeneity. The large size of the families we have detected may provide important opportunities for further genetic studies, particularly in terms of the assignment of the locus and gene mapping.

Colombia↗
PubMed1990

Differential viral gene expression and its effect on the biological properties of the cell clones of an HIV-1-infected cell line.

We have shown that 6D5 cells infected with the HIV-1 strain HTLV-III451 (6D5(451)) secreted viral envelope proteins gp160 and gp120 into the culture medium. Single cell cloning of 6D5(451) cells separated three distinct phenotypes. All clones secreted unprocessed env protein gp160 along with gp120. Only one phenotype produced infectious virus and contained normally processed gag proteins. The second phenotype was associated with nonproducer cells expressing only the env gene but no extracellular particles. The third phenotype synthesized Pr53gag but no reverse transcriptase, nor did it process the gag precursor. Only immature particles could be seen in the culture. Cells of the first and the third phenotypes produced two sizes of gp160, the normal and one with a small truncation at the C-terminus. Phenotype 2 only produced the smaller gp160. In all cases the gp160 that was secreted into the medium was the truncated molecule.

Capsid↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of the secreted, native gp120 and gp160 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

We have previously shown that the cell line 6D5(451) chronically infected with the HIV-1 isolate HTLV-III(451), secretes the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 in the extracellular medium. The HTLV-III(451) gp120 and gp160 were purified by sequential affinity chromatographic steps using a monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp41 and an anti-HIV-1-positive human serum. Amino acid sequence analysis of gp120 and gp160 showed the loss of the signal peptide. Digestion of the purified gp120 and gp160 with endoglycosidases revealed that both proteins are heavily glycosylated and contain complex carbohydrates, in contrast to the intracellular form of gp160 which has been shown to contain mannose-rich immature sugars. Competitive binding analysis showed that while both gp120 and gp160 bind CD4, the affinity of gp160 was five times lower than that of gp120. Both gp120 and gp160 inhibited syncytia formation by HIV-1-infected cells when mixed with CD4+ cells. Furthermore, both gp120 and gp160 had strong mitogenic effects on the T cells from HIV-1-infected gibbons but not on cells from uninfected gibbons.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

A multicentered pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic study of once-a-month injectable contraceptives. I. Different doses of HRP112 and of DepoProvera. World Health Organization Task Force on Long-acting Systemic Agents for Fertility Regulation.

A multicentered study was undertaken at three institutions in Hungary, Mexico and Thailand in women of reproductive age to evaluate the effects of full and half doses of HRP112 (depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) plus estradiol cypionate) and DMPA alone on ovarian function, bleeding patterns and HDL-cholesterol levels. Full dose HRP112 contained 25mg DMPA plus 5mg, of estradiol cypionate and the half dose, 12.5mg DMPA plus 2.5mg of estradiol cypionate. The full and half dose DMPA were 25 and 12.5mg respectively. In all, 88 women were recruited in the study and randomized within each centre, to the four treatment groups. Subjects were studied for a control cycle, three one-month injection intervals and followed-up for a further two months. Serum concentrations of estradiol, progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate were determined three times a week during the third injection interval and during the two months of follow-up. While the results from all centres indicated that the four preparations were all effective in inhibiting ovulation for at least one month, there were marked between centre differences in pharmacokinetic profiles. More regular bleeding patterns were observed in women who received the estrogen-progestogen combination preparations than in those who received DMPA alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

High-dose induction chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer in protected environment: a prospective randomized study.

To test the hypothesis of whether high doses of chemotherapy in combination achieve higher response rates and longer durations of response and survival, we treated 33 pre- and perimenopausal patients with good performance status in a prospective trial with escalating doses of fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC). Patients were randomly assigned to be treated within a protected environment (laminar air flow room), with prophylactic antibiotics, or in a standard hospital room. Important patient characteristics were equally distributed in the two treatment arms. A major objective response was observed in 27 of the 32 evaluable patients (84%), and 11 (34%) achieved a complete remission (CR). There was no significant difference in overall and complete response rates between the two treatment arms, nor was there a substantial difference in times to progression or survival between the groups treated in or out of the protected environment. Comparison of the results of this study with previously reported programs of FAC chemotherapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer shows that this study achieved higher overall and complete response rates. However, neither the time to progression, nor the survival of responders or the entire patient group was different from our previous experience with standard FAC chemotherapy. When the study was initiated in 1976, the proposed dose escalation represented high-dose chemotherapy. In retrospect, even the "high" doses used in this study represent only a modest increase over standard doses of chemotherapy. Much steeper dose escalations will be needed to evaluate the efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy in breast cancer, as well as the protective value of the protected environment and prophylactic antibiotics in metastatic breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of high-dose versus standard FAC chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer in protected environment units: a prospective randomized study.

Fifty-nine evaluable patients under 65 years of age with measurable metastatic breast cancer and without prior chemotherapy were randomly assigned to treatment with fluorouracil, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cyclophosphamide (FAC) at standard or high doses (100% to 260% higher than standard FAC) following a dose escalation schedule. Patients randomized to the high-dose FAC received the first three cycles of therapy within a protected environment. Subsequent cycles for this group were administered at standard doses of FAC in an ambulatory setting, the same as for the control group. After reaching 450 mg/m2 of Adriamycin, patients in both groups continued treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil until there was disease progression. Analysis of pretreatment patient characteristics showed an even distribution for most known pretreatment factors, although the control group had slightly (but nonsignificantly) more favorable prognostic characteristics. Fourteen patients (24%) achieved a complete remission (CR) and 32 (54%) achieved a partial remission (PR), for an overall major response rate of 78%. There were no differences in overall, CR, or PR rates between the high-dose FAC and control groups. The median response durations were 11 and 10 months for the protected environment and control groups, respectively, and the median survival was 20 months for both groups. Hematologic, gastrointestinal (GI), and infection-related complications were significantly more frequent and severe in the group treated with high-dose chemotherapy. Stomatitis, diarrhea, and skin toxicity were dose-limiting. However, there were no treatment-related deaths. High-dose induction combination chemotherapy with the agents used in this study failed to increase the response rate or survival duration, and resulted in a substantial increase in toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chemoimmunotherapy of small cell bronchogenic carcinoma with VP-16-213, ifosfamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and Corynebacterium parvum.

Thirty-five consecutive patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma (SCBC) received chemoimmunotherapy with VP-16-213, Ifosfamide, vincristine, Adriamycin, and Corynebacterium parvum. Of 33 evaluable patients, 26 (79%) responded with complete (55%) or partial (24%) remissions. Complete remissions were more common among patients with limited disease (11/14 patients, 79%) compared with those with extensive disease (7/19 patients, 37%) and among patients (11/14 patients, 79%) compared with those with extensive disease (7/19 patients, 37%) and among patients who were ambulatory prior to therapy (16/25 patients, 64%) compared with those who were nonambulatory (2/8 patients, 25%). Myelosuppression consisted primarily of neutropenia. Eight percent of the treatment courses in 29% of the patients were associated with hematuria and/or documented episodes of infection during neutropenia. There were three deaths possibly related to treatment, in two of which there was no evidence of disease at post-mortem examination. Six patients relapsed in the central nervous system (CNS). In four instances, CNS relapse was the only site of tumor progression. Central nervous system relapse was more common among evaluable patients who did not receive prophylactic brain irradiation (5/17 patients, 29%, vs. 1/15 patients, 7%; P = 0.23). The median survival duration for all patients was 63 weeks, being slightly longer for patients with limited disease than for those with extensive disease (70.9 weeks vs. 56 weeks; P = 0.18). This was also true for patients who achieved complete rather than partial remissions (71 weeks vs. 50 weeks; P = 0.09). Patients receiving prophylactic brain irradiation experienced longer survival (100.8 weeks vs. 48 weeks; P = 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Protected environment - prophylactic antibiotic program for malignant sarcomas: randomized trial during remission induction chemotherapy.

Fifty-one valuable patients with malignant sarcomas were randomly allocated to receive three courses of remission induction chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, Adriamycin, and dimethyl triazeno imidazole carboxamide (CYVADIC) on the protected environment-prophylactic antibiotic for the control group (P = 0.22). The response rates (complete plus partial) were 71% and 67%, respectively. The durations of response were similar for both groups of patients, but the PEPA patients survived substantially longer (median, 84 weeks vs. 58 weeks). The frequency of infection was significantly lower among the PEPA patients, and the doses of CYVADIC could be escalated more often among these patients. Dosage escalation was associated with a higher complete remission rate and lower fatality rate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Chemoimmunotherapy of adult acute leukemia.

Sixty-two adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia were treated with a chemotherapy program of Adriamycin, Cytosine Arabinoside (Ara-C), vincristine, and prednisone (Ad-OAP). Immunotherapy with BCG by scarification was administered before and/or during remission induction therapy. Maintenance chemoimmunotherapy consisted of Ara-C, vincristine, prednisone, and BCG. Patients still in remission after 12 months received late intensification chemotherapy for three courses before discontinuing chemotherapy. Forty-four (71%) patients achieved a complete remission (CR). The CR rate for patients less than 50 years of age ws 84% (32/38). Age was strongly predictive for response and survival. An additional 14 patients with acute lymphoid leukemia were treated with the same program; ten patients responded, all have relapsed and died. Nine patients with AML remain alive 4 1/2-6+ years from diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Patterns of oropharyngeal and fecal flora in patients with acute leukemia.

The oropharyngeal and fecal flora in 33 patients hospitalized with acute leukemia was examined. Normal flora predominated on admission. All patients received chemotherapy during the 48 hr after admission and at least one course of antibiotics during hospitalization. By the end of the study, 68% of the initial normal throat flora and 57% of the fecal flora had disappeared. The shift in flora was mainly due to the persistence or acquisition of aerobic gram-negative bacilli. Before antibiotics were given, the normal flora in both sites had already decreased in quantity, and increased numbers of aerobic gram-negative bacilli were found. After the first course of antibiotics, a further decrease in the total number of normal strains was observed. Information obtained from surveillance cultures was helpful for understanding the changes in flora but did not correlate with the microbiology of the infectious processes and could not be used to predict infection.

Acute Disease↗