Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Rao

Publications and source records attributed to V Rao.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Various manifestations of hyperthyroidism in an ambulatory clinic: case studies.

This study reviews five cases of women with hyperthyroidism, three black women and two Hispanic women. Initially, two patients presented with voice changes, weight loss, and increased appetite. Only two patients presented with classical symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Examination showed all patients had diffusely enlarged thyroids and exaggerated reflexes. Two patients showed Graves' opthalmopathy.These cases document the variety of presentations of hyperthyroidism. Hence, a high index of suspicion must exist for this disease, even in the absence of a number of the classical manifestations of hyperthyroidism. When patients present to primary care centers with a constellation of symptoms, an examination of the thyroid gland is essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Relationship between measles, malnutrition, and blindness: a prospective study in Indian children.

A prospective study was conducted in slum children to determine the incidence of post-measles corneal disease and to clarify its relationship with nutritional status. A total of 318 cases of measles were identified over a period of 15 mo; maximum incidence was observed for children between 1-2 yr. Most of the children showed weight loss and serum proteins decrease during the acute stage of measles. Corneal lesions were observed in 3% of the children, and the lesions responded well to treatment. Serum vitamin A and RBP levels were significantly depressed during the acute stage of measles but were restored to normal 8 wk after recovery. There were no significant differences in the serum levels for those with and without eye lesions, which suggests that these lesions may not be mediated simply through the effect of infection on serum concentration of vitamin A.

Blindness↗
PubMed1986

MRI of joint fluid in the normal and ischemic hip.

MR images in 36 hips with documented avascular necrosis and 80 hips without evidence of joint disease were studied to determine the amount and appearance of fluid in the joint. All MRI examinations were done on a 1.5-T machine and included coronal images made with relative T2 weighting (repetition times = 2000-2500 msec, echo delays = 60-100 msec). The amount of joint fluid, which had an intense signal higher than fat, was graded from 0 to 3 and analyzed with respect to the patient's age and radiographic stage of avascular necrosis. Joint fluid was seen in 84% of presumed normal hips. Only four (5%) of 80 had enough fluid to surround the femoral neck (grade 2), and none had sufficient fluid to distend the joint capsule (grade 3). In comparison, 21 (58%) of 36 hips with avascular necrosis had grade-2 or grade-3 effusions (p less than 0.005), and some fluid was seen in all. Grade-3 effusions were seen in seven (50%) of 14 hips with flattening of the femoral head, compared with only one (5%) of 20 in which the femoral contour was normal. It is concluded that small amounts of fluid are present in both normal hips and those with avascular necrosis. In avascular necrosis, increased joint fluid may be present before radiographic abnormalities occur, but it is greatest after there is flattening of the femoral head. MRI is a highly sensitive method for detecting fluid in the hip joint.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pathogenesis of corneal lesions in measles.

The mechanism of pathogenesis underlying the development of corneal lesions in measles was investigated in 125 children suffering from measles and 66 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Forty age-matched children with bronchopneumonia were investigated on similar lines to delineate the role played by vitamin A and measles individually in the development of corneal lesions. The results indicate that the pathogenesis of corneal lesions in measles is indeed multifactorial. Vitamin A deficiency alone or measles keratitis per se may not explain the mechanism completely. The immunosuppression induced by the local proliferation of the measles virus in the eye might trigger the invasion of pathogenic microbes which damage the cornea. The structural integrity of the cornea is already compromised by vitamin A deficiency and lesions of measles keratitis.

Bronchopneumonia↗
PubMed1986

Syndrome of galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and obesity as possible indicators of prolactinoma: a case study approach.

Four female patients were found to have microadenomas and high prolactin levels, but the symptoms of the syndrome varied among the patients. Three of four patients had overt galactorrhea, obesity, and amenorrhea. One patient was postmenopausal, and another showed menstrual irregularities. Two patients sought medical attention for headaches, and one for visual disturbances. Two patients previously had used psychotropic drugs, and two patients used birth control pills. When tested, all patients had high serum prolactin levels, abnormal sellar tomograms, and the presence of microadenoma of the pituitary was confirmed by computerized tomography.Because of the high incidence of pituitary tumor among these four patients, this study suggests that a complete workup should be done for patients having galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and obesity as a syndrome or as separate entities.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Effect of dopamine and dopamine-receptor blockade on in vitro renin release, tissue renin content and tissue cyclic AMP content in the rat.

This study evaluated the in vitro renin release, tissue cyclic AMP content (TcAMPc), and tissue renin content (TRC) changes with time, in response to administration of dopamine (DOP) and of the dopamine-receptor blocking agent pimozide (PIM) to renal cortical slices from sodium deficient (SD) rats. Addition of 10(-3)M DOP to the slice preparation resulted in a gradual stimulation of RR with time, which was significantly different from that seen in control samples after 60 min of incubation. In contrast, TcAMPc of the DOP-treated samples was significantly greater than that of controls after 5 min of incubation. At 60 min, mean TRC of DOP-treated samples was greater than that of controls but not significantly. Two PIM doses (10(-8)M and 10(-6)M, whether added alone or together with 10(-3)M DOP to the cortical slice system, significantly increased RR in each instance while simultaneously depressing TcAMP content markedly below that of unstimulated controls at all incubation times examined. Mean TRC of pimozide-treated samples was also lower than that of controls by 60 min. These in vitro data in the SD rat suggest that: 1) stimulation of renin release by DOP is time-dependent and is mediated by a TcAMP-generating mechanism, and 2) the increase in renin release by PIM administration appears to involve pharmacological inactivation of TcAMP-generating pathways and disruption of membrane permeability, leading to uncontrolled RR.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Factors affecting neurobehavioral responses of preterm infants at term conceptional age.

A revised Prechtl Neurological Examination was administered to 510 singleton infants at term conceptional age to assess the influence of gestational age, race, and sex on neurobehavioral responses in a "typical" newborn population. The infants were born at 1 of 5 centers and were subjects of the NIH Collaborative Study on Antenatal Steroid Therapy. Of these babies, 392 were born at less than 37 weeks gestational age, whereas 118 infants were born at greater than or equal to 37 weeks. Of a total of 50 items of interest, 12 differed significantly based on race, 14 items differed in terms of gestational age at birth, and 5 items were influenced by the sex of the baby. These data suggest that singleton preterm infants born at differing gestational ages should not be considered to comprise a homogeneous sample. Further, caution should be exercised when considering babies of heterogeneous race groupings, and the babies' sex has minimal impact on neurobehavioral responses at term conceptional age.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1982

[Na+ and K+ in the rabbit aqueous humor after treatment with timolol].

The influence of timolol on aqueous humour production has been well documented, nevertheless it is unknown the real mechanism by which timolol produces this process. We have conceived the hypothesis that any alteration of natrium and kalium content following topical treatment of timolol was the main cause of the lowering rate of aqueous humour production. Therefore, we have examined the behaviour of Na+ and K+ amounts after topical administration of one eye of young rabbits with timolol. The experimentation has been conducted by photometer appliance. Our results show the absence of any imbalance between natrium and kalium content. The failure of our purpose indicates that Na+/K+ content does not play a main role in decreasing aqueous humour production by timolol.

Administration, Topical↗