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Biomedical subjects

V R Rao

Publications and source records attributed to V R Rao.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Aneurysmal form of aortoarteritis (Takayasu's disease): analysis of thirty cases.

The clinical and radiological features, and outcome of 30 patients including 22 females, with the aneurysmal form of aortoarteritis were analysed. The average age at diagnosis was 27.4 +/- 7.2 years. Features which indicated the diagnosis of aneurysmal aortoarteritis included young age, female sex, characteristic location, associated stenotic lesions and the presence of multiple aneurysms. There were 41 fusiform and 18 saccular aneurysms, mostly located in the descending aorta. Diffuse dilatation (n = 24) was seen mainly in the ascending aorta. Two patients had dissecting aneurysms, while one patient had an aneurysm of the left main coronary artery. Both these lesions are rare in aortoarteritis. The aneurysmal form was associated with a higher incidence of aortic incompetence (P less than 0.01) and elevated ESR (P less than 0.001) as compared to the more common non-aneurysmal form. The average follow-up period was 59.7 (+/- 48.1) months. The event-free survival rate was 82.9% at 5 years, similar to that seen in the non-aneurysmal form. These data should be useful to the clinician in the diagnosis and management of the aneurysmal form of aortoarteritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Vitamin and provitamin A levels in epithelial cancers: a preliminary study.

A major physiological role of retinoids is the regulation of epithelial and epidermal cell differentiation. A total of 285 patients with clinically and histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of various carcinomas (untreated) were selected for the study. The control values of serum beta-carotene and vitamin A levels were established from 50 subjects free of any known pathology. The controls were matched for age and sex. The mean serum levels of beta-carotene and vitamin A have shown a significant difference (p less than 0.001) in all the cancers compared with the controls. In cancer of the oral cavity, the males showed significantly lower levels (p less than 0.01) compared with their female counterparts. In cancer of the lung, however, the mean serum levels of beta-carotene and vitamin A were higher in males compared with females (p less than 0.02). Our results suggest a possible association between vitamin A and epithelial cancer, but whether the deficiency is the cause of the disease or if it is due to the tumor remains unknown.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Embolization of large saccular aneurysms with Gianturco coils.

In five patients embolization of large saccular aneurysms involving the popliteal artery, common carotid artery, arch of the aorta, and abdominal aorta was performed with custom-designed spring coils. Surgery was attempted before embolization for the aneurysm involving the popliteal artery. The other aneurysms were considered nonresectable due to their critical location. Although maximal packing of the aneurysmal sac was attempted, delayed follow-up angiography revealed displacement of the coils away from the parent vessel as well as further expansion of the residual aneurysmal sac. In these cases complete embolization of the aneurysmal sac was not possible without obstructing the parent artery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Interactions of cryptosin with mammalian cardiac beta-adrenoceptors.

Cryptosin - a new cardenolide from the leaves of Cryptolepis buchanani R & S was found to be a potent positive inotropic agent. In experiments with dog heart ex vivo, the rise in the cardiac rate associated with an increase in dP/dtmax and left ventricular pressure (LVP) correlated with changes in the beta-adrenoceptor densities as measured by the binding of 3H-Dihydroalprenolol (DHA). A significant change in the beta-adrenoceptor densities was observed when cryptosin was incubated with guinea pig and dog heart sarcolemmal membranes in vitro. Analysis of the binding of 3H-DHA in post-cryptosin treated membranes indicated a non-specific type of interaction of cryptosin with mammalian cardiac beta-adrenoceptors.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Sickle cell hemoglobin, beta-thalassemia and G6PD deficiency in tribes of Maharashtra, India.

The prevalence of sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS), beta-thalassemia trait and G6PD deficiency are reported in some important Gond related endogamous tribes in Maharashtra, India. The HbS gene frequency varies from 0.0530 to 0.1805, the beta-thal gene from 0 to 0.0283 and Gd- gene from 0.0189 to 0.1120. The Pardhan tribe has been identified as a high risk group for sickle cell diseases. Statistically significant differences are observed between tribes.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of HBsAg carriers among some tribes of Madhya Pradesh.

Prevalence of HBsAg was determined in 1314 sera obtained from 11 different tribal populations of five districts of Madhya Pradesh. Reversed passive haemagglutination assay was used for screening showed a HBsAg carrier rate of 2.99 to 21.54 per cent among the various tribes. Significant regional variation was also observed.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1989

Determination of isoniazid in pharmaceutical preparations by reaction with radiochloramine-B.

A method has been developed for the determination of isoniazid (INH) at microgram level in pharmaceutical preparations based on the oxidation of isoniazid by radiochloramine-B. Interference of vitamin C has been overcome by precipitation as lead ascorbate and that of rifampicin and p-aminosalicylic acid by selective extraction. Amounts as low as 25 micrograms of INH can be determined.

Aminosalicylic Acid↗
PubMed1985

Endoscopic pancreatography in chronic pancreatitis of the tropics.

The ERCP findings in 13 patients with chronic pancreatitis of the tropics are reported. 7 of the patients had pancreatic calculi on plain film of abdomen and 6 had no calcification. The changes observed in the pancreatograms were tortuosity, dilatation, stenosis, obstruction, cyst formation and presence of calculi in the main pancreatic ducts and their finer branches. The calcific variety showed a greater degree of ductal derangement compared to the non-calcific variety. The common bile duct was normal in all the patients. The pancreatographic changes observed are similar to those described in the alcoholic and other varieties of chronic pancreatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Prophylaxis in bacterial meningitis.

A questionnaire about the use of prophylactic antibiotics in bacterial meningitis was sent to medical officers of environmental health and microbiologists in England. There was broad agreement that prophylaxis should be offered to close contacts of acute meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis but not to contacts of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Overall 28% of those who replied said they could consider giving prophylaxis to contacts of meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae. Rifampicin was the most common choice of drug. The indications for prophylaxis in bacterial meningitis are discussed.

Anti-Infective Agents↗