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Biomedical subjects

V R Gofman

Publications and source records attributed to V R Gofman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Clinical and statistical patterns of the hearing system lesions caused by explosive mine trauma].

Mine-explosive trauma has become the predominant type of pathology in the structure of surgical sanitary losses. In 70-75% of the cases it is combined with acoustic injury that requires the improvement of diagnosis and prediction of acoustic injuries at the stage of qualified medical care. In 772 casualties with mine-explosive trauma admitted to the different departments of Kabul Central Hospital the conditions of explosive injury were identified and statistical analysis of acoustic injury dependence on the above-mentioned conditions was conducted. The quantitative patterns obtained could be used in prognosis of the possible value and structure of acoubarotraumatic losses in the mine-explosive injuries.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[The surgical procedure in blind gunshot wounds of the skull base].

Personal clinical observations during the recent years allow the authors to confirm the indisputable value of surgical experience got during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) and in particular, the "fourfold" scheme proposed by V. I. Voiachek for the diagnosis and treatment of blind gunshot wounds to the skull base. Computed tomography considerably increases the probability of detection of the exact localization of foreign bodies in complex anatomical structures of the skull and thus facilitates choosing the most rational surgical management. The use of the electro-optical transducer for the extraction of foreign bodies from almost inaccessible areas of the skull base decreases the risk of operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The diagnosis of damages to the auditory system in the early period of explosive mine trauma and the optimization of treatment for the victims].

The wide use of the mine-explosive weapon in modern military conflicts is accompanied by high specific weight of mine-explosive traumas (MET), which achieve 30-40% of all traumas. In the departments of the hospital in 21.3-35.8% of the wounded with MET accompanying defeat of acoustical system with probable subsequent development of neurosensory hypoacusis and invalidism of the injured is established. It defines necessity of early ENT-inspections of all injured with such traumas. Steady up to 1-6 months reduction of hearing is accompanied by biochemical infringements of a cerebrospinal liquid.

Audiometry, Pure-Tone↗
PubMed1996

[Methodological bases of studying vestibular reactions].

The paper outlines the current concepts of the physiological functions of the vestibular system and identifies their contradictions. It suggests that from the standpoint of the theory of functional systems and, in the biocybernetic context, the vestibular apparatus should be regarded as an individual component of the whole static and kinetic system that ensures the coordination of movements, the function of the vestibular apparatus as part of the common afferent current and somatic, sensory, and autonomic reactions as the ultimate result of the whole system's activity.

Cybernetics↗
PubMed1994

[The reactions of the upper respiratory pathways to low doses of ionizing radiation].

The state of upper respiratory tract, non-specific cell resistance and immune status were studied in persons who participated in liquidation of the Chernobyl APS disaster consequences. The prolonged influence of factors caused by small doses of ionizing irradiation leads to mucosa affection of upper respiratory tract, considerable reduction of phagocytic and antiviral activity of monocytes and worsening of the immune status of organism. The data obtained during researches explains the considerable increase of ARD among these persons.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Sudden hearing loss in inner ear trauma].

Quite often a sudden surdity can appear after baro or mechanical traumas, it happens because of rupture of the round window membrane which leads to the formation of the perilymphatic fistula. The article deals with the syndrome of the round window membrane rupture. The authors describe two successful cases of treatment of patients with vestibular disorders caused by posttraumatic perilymphatic fistula. Practical recommendations are given for providing a tertiary medical care in emergency situations.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The organization and principles of rendering medical care to minor casualties in otorhinolaryngology].

The article deals with the notions of prior and coexistent ENT injuries. There are classification of mechanical injuries and ENT diseases, as well as rate and structure of ENT sanitary losses, and its evacuation and treatment procedures. The authors give gradations of slight, medium and severe ENT-injured and ENT-sick contingent, and set up the categories of minimally ENT sick, injured and wounded. The article also contains data concerning the treatment policy including immediate medical care at various stages of medical evacuation, and describes peculiarities of triage of different groups of ENT sick and injured. There are proposals for improvement of medical care to ENT sick, injured and wounded.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed1992

[Treatment results in wounds of the ENT organs].

ENT injuries totaled up to 1.4% from all other wounds. As for localization of wounds the most frequent were neck injuries (53%). Wounds of nose or accessory sinus of nose comprised 45.6%, and ear wounds--1.4%, 5.8% of wounded needed emergency care, 45.8%--secondary surgical care, and 48.4%--tertiary surgical care. The article analyses the errors of medical care, and gives the classification of ENT injuries.

Afghanistan↗
PubMed1992

[The interdependence between neurodynamic indices and the state of the hearing in blast trauma].

The authors have proved that in the blast trauma diagnosis of the organ of hearing in slight or middle-gravity cases it was necessary to applicate such important additional methods of researching as pure-tone and speech audiometry, and EEG. It gives the possibility to reveal the affections in primary and secondary cortical fields of temporal, occipital and frontal lobes, prognosticate the possible outcome of hearing pathology, elaborate optimal schemes of treatment, control the efficiency of therapy, and also make expert evidence conclusions. It was proved that the diminished hearing in patients who had suffered from blast injuries have a direct correlative dependency upon pathological deviations in EEG indexes. The severe neurodynamic disorders form an unfavourable background for recovery of hearing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Transsphenoidal surgery for large and giant pituitary adenomas by intraoperative video endomonitoring].

The paper analyzes the outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with pituitary adenomas on the basis of 614 performed transsphenoidal surgical appliances, of which there were 209 large and giant pituitary adenomas. The use of intraoperative video endomonitoring during these interventions could substantially reduced the number of complications, enhance the radicalism and selectivity of a surgical appliance. By using such advantages as endoscopy as powerful lighting, an endomicroscopic phenomenon, and a lateral view, at surgery we could precisely determine the borders of an adenoma, the site and sizes of non-removed tumors fragments. The lateral view of an endoscope permits removal of a tumor via the optimal access, prevention of traumatization of cerebral structures and the contents of cavernous sinuses. If there is intraoperative liquorrhea, the latter can be verified and eliminated. Thus, the accumulated experience allows the authors to recommend using intraoperative video endomonitoring during transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical vestibulometry: current status and future prospects].

Rotation and caloric methods of vestibular stimulation proposed and adopted during the last decades have been reviewed in terms of their efficacy in differential and topic diagnosis, clinical practicability. Systemic and bio-cybernetics approaches to vestibular apparatus and function have been analyzed. The need of using neurophysiological and cybernetics methods for further progress in relevant research and most promising trends in advancing clinical vestibulometry have been determined.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of lesions of paranasal sinuses in patients with optic chiasm arachnoiditis].

The paper provides data on a comprehensive rhinological and x-ray examination of 201 patients suffering from optochiasmal arachnoiditis (OCA). Paranasal affection (as a rule polysinusitis) was disclosed in 75.6% of the examinees. The lesion occurred primarily in the sphenoidal sinuses and frequently combined with ethmoidal labyrinth and maxillary sinus involvement. Rhinological and x-ray symptoms in OCA are rarely prominent giving grounds to physicians for defining it as the syndrome of minor clinical signs. The latter hold importance for diagnosis which enables early cleansing of the paranasal sinuses in combined treatment of OCA.

Adolescent↗