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Biomedical subjects

V Poleksić

Publications and source records attributed to V Poleksić.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effects of trifluralin on carp: biochemical and histological evaluation.

Acute and subacute toxicity of the herbicide trifluralin on fish was investigated in laboratory toxicity tests with carp. Median lethal concentrations were determined in acute tests. The 96-h LC50 value was 0.045 (0.036-0.051)mg/L. Fish were exposed to subacute concentrations of the herbicide (0.005, 0.01, and 0.02 mg/L trifluralin) in the 14-day toxicity tests and the effects on the relative growth rate, some biochemical parameters [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanin aminotransferase (ALT) activities in serum, gills, liver, and kidney], gills, liver, and kidney structure were studied. A decrease in relative growth rate was found. An increase of functional enzyme activities in blood serum and the organs examined, particularly in the highest concentration of trifluralin indicated changes in the vital organs, was confirmed by histological analysis. The most severe changes (although mostly reversible) were found in the gills and kidney of the fish examined.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

Biochemical and histopathological effects of glyphosate on carp, Cyprinus carpio L.

Glyphosate, also known by the trade names Roundup and Rodeo for agricultural use, is a broad-spectrum, translocated herbicide, used primarily in agricultural applications, and for vegetation control in non-crop areas. It is used as non-selective herbicide and for aquatic weed control in fish-ponds, lakes, canals, slow running water, etc. (USDA 1984). Glyphosate is perhaps the most important herbicide ever developed. Literature of toxicological and ecotoxicological properties of glyphosate is extremely sparse, considering its importance as herbicide. Generally, glyphosate is slightly toxic to mammals and fish, but it may have an impact on the aquatic environment and also on the other aquatic organisms (USDA 1984). Due to this, its toxicity investigation is very important. The study of sublethal effects is of special importance for toxicological evaluation of compound. The objective of this study was to investigate acute and subacute toxic effects of sublethal glyphosate concentrations in water to carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), one of the commercially most important fish species populating freshwaters of Yugoslavia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Acute and subacute toxicity of atrazine to carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).

Investigations of acute and subacute atrazine toxicity in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were carried out. Acute toxicity was investigated in a semi-static test during a 96-hr exposition. The estimated LC-50 value was 18.8 mg/l. Subacute toxicity was investigated by exposing fish (carp) to different atrazine concentrations (1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 mg/l) for 14 days. Biochemical and histopathological changes in certain organs and tissues were investigated. The results show that atrazine leads to changes of varying intensity depending on the parameter tested, the organs and tissues examined, as well as the atrazine concentration. Biochemical changes were most prominent in the alkaline phosphatase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activities whereas the most severe histopathological changes were observed in the gills.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery.

Copper sulfate is one of the most widely used algicides for the control of phytoplankton in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds. It is also used for aquatic weed control. To study the toxic effects of copper on carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), toxicity tests were carried out. Fish recovery in copper-free water was followed. After a 14-day period of exposure to five concentrations of copper sulfate (0.25-4.0 mg/L CuSO4, values ranging from approximately 5 to 70% of the 96-h LC-50) and a recovery period of the same duration, activities of the functional enzymes alkaline phosphatase (AP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood serum and gills were determined. Because the gills are the known target organ for copper, changes in gill structure were investigated as well. In all exposure groups for all the enzymes studied, an increase in activity was noted after 14 days. The increase in AP activity was the most pronounced in both gills and serum of carp exposed to the highest concentration tested (4 mg/L). After a "recovery" period, compared with the end of treatment, a decrease in enzyme activities was recorded, indicating eventual recovery from the Cu-induced stress (the only exception being the ALT activity in gills in the highest CuSO4 concentration). The results of biochemical analysis were confirmed by histopathology. Lesions such as epithelial hyperplasia, curling of secondary lamellae, and changes in chloride cells were observed on the gills, and their severity increased with increased toxicant concentration. Most of the changes were reversible, as exhibited by gill histopathology after the recovery period.

Alanine Transaminase↗