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Biomedical subjects

V Pokorný

Publications and source records attributed to V Pokorný.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Arthroscopic treatment of the unstable knee joint by ligament reconstruction using allografts].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Recurring and multidirectional instability of the knee joint is a therapeutic problem mainly due to a limited possibility of harvesting grafts for its treatment. The authors present the methodology of the solution of recurring and multidirectional instabilities of the knee joint by means of allografts. They inform about the technique of harvesting and preservation of grafts and include the necessary examinations and early results. MATERIAL: Due to the above mentioned reasons the authors concentrated on the possibility of harvesting grafts for ligamentoplasty from donors. They developed the technique of harvesting, examination and preservation of allografts and their application by arthroscopy both in recurring and multidirectional instability. They used grafts from lig. patellae and m. quadriceps femoris. In the group of 21 patients operated on they used allograft for ligamentoplasty of 15 anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) and 9 posterior cruciate ligaments (PCL), (4 times multidirectional instability of ACL + PCL, 14 times patellar tendon and 10 times tendon of m. quadriceps femoris). METHODS: Harvesting of grafts for ligamentoplasty from donors, examination according to EATB rules, preservation at the temperature of -80 degrees C. Prior to the application an antibiotic bath for 10 minutes. Application of grafts by arthroscopy, for ACL the grafts were used from patellar tendon and m. quadriceps femoris, for PCL the grafts from m. quadriceps femoris anchored in two channels. Operation in multidirectional instabilities in one step procedure--ACL, PCL and posterolateral capsular complex. Fixation by orthesis for 6-8 weeks according to the type of operation, early physiotherapy starting from 2nd day after operation. RESULTS: No differences were found in the postoperative course (immune or any other reaction) in comparison with autografts (duration of hospitalization, postoperative regime, pain), physiotherapy in the replacement of one ligament is faster in comparison with autografts. Ingrowth of allografts according to radiographs is without any special reaction. Results were evaluated according to Lysholm score and they show a significant improvement as compared to the condition prior to operation. No peroperative and postoperative complications were found. There was no immune reaction after the operation, in all patients there occurred a significant improvement of the stability of the knee joint. The results according to Lysholm score prior to the operation and after the ligamentoplasty show both a subjective and objective improvement after the operation. DISCUSSION: Application of allografts for the reconstruction of recurring and multidirectional instability of the knee joint is a method offering new possibilities. Its advantages include reduction of the duration of surgery, significantly reduced morbidity of the joint operated on, the possibility of adjustment of the graft, if need be. Disadvantages are the following: the possibility of a transfer of a virus disease which can be eliminated by a careful examination of donors; a longer period of graft remodelling, which can be compensated by a correct physiotherapy and postoperative regime. CONCLUSION: Application of allografts in the surgical treatment of instability of the knee joint is suitable in the current period of well developed examinations and surgical techniques. Early results are optimistic. Observation of all rules for the application of allografts will allow to extend in the correct indications the range of the possibilities of surgical treatment of recurring and multidirectional instabilities of the knee joint.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1999

[Treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee].

Chondral and osteochondral defects play an important role in the knee surgery. The knee traumas are often followed by preterm development of osteoarthritis due to limited reparative processes in the cartilage. Today's diagnostic possibilities and progress in arthroscopic techniques promote the early diagnostic and exact classification of osteochondral defects. The prognosis of these injuries is improved by following early treatment. Authors present therapeutic ways of solving the defects of cartilage and adjacent part of the subchondral bone. The new possible method of solving the deep chondral defects on the weight-bearing site of the knee by combined mosaic plasty and autologous cultivated chondrocytes is described.

Cartilage Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Modification of the Polaron sputter-coater unit for glow-discharge activation of carbon support films.

We describe a modification of the Polaron sputter-coater unit series 11 HD enabling activation of carbon support films for electron microscopy of macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies. The modification is simple and the device can be used in two modes, for sputter-coating of SEM samples and for glow-discharge activation of carbon support films. Examples of protein-free spreading of DNA and negative staining of bacteriophage particles on activated carbon support films are presented.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1989

[Our approach to the care of chronic instability of the knee joint].

Chronic instability of the knee joint is a serious problem for the affected patient and the attending physician. Diagnosis must reveal which structures of the soft knee are insufficient. We use as a basis in particular a detailed clinical examination which frequently must be made under short-term general anaesthesia. As to auxiliary examination methods, we recommend X-rays in forced positions, possibly arthroscopy. Defects of the cruciate ligaments can be evaluated well also by means of computed tomography. Operation should be indicated carefully. We consider the extent of the patient's complaints, the ability of dynamic compensation of the instability, the presence of exudates, haematomas, signs of arthritis, locomotor restrictions and, last not least, also the assumed ability of the patient to cooperate in rehabilitation. In surgical treatment of instabilities it is necessary to respect carefully biomechanical principles of the function of the knee joint. In prostheses of the cruciate ligaments we prefer direct reconstruction with an autologous graft to extraarticular operations. It seems that in older patients also reconstruction with synthetic ligaments will be feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A psychrophilic strain Actinoplanes sp. 220.

The strain designated Actinoplanes sp. 220 differed in its characteristics from other strains of the genus Actinoplanes listed in Bergey's Manual (1974). The strain belongs to psychrophilic culture growing within the range of 0-30 degrees C. The optimal temperature for growth on yeast--malt agar is 10-23 degrees C. Cultures transferred at 23 and 28 degrees C differed in morphological and physiological properties, enzyme activity and pigmentation in standard media. Submerged culture transferred at 28 degrees C inhibited growth of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and ATCC 9945. LL-2,6-Diaminopimelic acid was chromatographically detected in the submerged mycelium of this culture. This compound was not found in the mycelium of the original culture transferred at 23 degrees C. The cultures did not substantially differ in the composition of other amino acids contained in larger quantities in the mycelium.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1978

Microcycle sporulation in the Claviceps purpurea 244.

The mutant strain Claviceps purpurea 244 forming hyphae composed mainly from sclerotium-like cells was found to sporulate both in liquid and solid media, particularly in the form of terminal chlamydospores (4.0 x 6.5 micrometer). Chlamydospores produced during submerged cultivation germinated, new chlamydospores being formed directly from germ tubes, or, occasionally, conidia (the so-called microcycle) or new vegetative mycelium were formed. The ultrastructures of the chlamydospores and vegetative cells was identical. The cytoplasm was filled with ribosomes and contained lipid inclusions and vacuoles with membrane invaginations. Strain 244 cultivated under submerged conditions produced 150 microgram/ml clavins, with elymoclavin predominating (82%). The parent strain Claviceps pururea 129 only produced chlamydospores on the vegetative mycelium, whereas no microcycle was detected; under submerged conditions it produced mainly agroclavin (85%) at a concentration of 4 mg/ml.

Claviceps↗
PubMed1978

Development mutants of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus, a producer of anthracyclines: isolation and preliminary characterization.

The wild strain Streptomyces coeruleorubidus JA 10092 was found to segregate into two spontaneous morphological variants (spo-1 and bld-1) with a different ability to form aerial mycelium in media with glucose as the main carbon source. Six new types of developmental mutants were obtained from the bald variant bld-1 after treatment with mutagens (UV light, gamma radiation, nitrous acid) and after natural selection. Formation of the aerial mycelium was fully suppressed in the bld-2 type growing on media both with glucose and with starch. The other types were bald only on starch media, forming the aerial mycelium on media with glucose; types spo-2, spo-3, spo-4 and spo-5 differed in size, shape and surface structure of spores, the type whi formed asporogenous aerial hyphae.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1978

Improved yields of daunomycinone glycosides in developmental mutants of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus.

When improving Streptomyces coeruleorubidus JA 10092, a producer of antibiotics of the daunomycinone complex, the most active variants were found among isolates of morphological types bld-1 (with a suppressed production of the aerial mycelium on organic media containing glucose) and whi (with an asporogenic aerial mycelium on glucose media and with the bald phenotype on media containing starch). Submerged cultures of the whi mutants produced increased quantities of daunomycinone glycosides in the antibiotic complex, the amount of free anthracyclinones being simultaneously decreased. The whi strains differed from the wild type also in higher demands for aeration, concentration of glucose and in an increased production capacity in starch media. The overall antibiotic activity increased more than 40 times after a six-step selection (application of UV light, gamma-radiation, nitrous acid and natural spreads) combined with an altered fermentation technology.

Culture Media↗