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Biomedical subjects

V Pirilä

Publications and source records attributed to V Pirilä.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

A new method for testing tuberculin skin reactivity--chamber test.

The Mantoux test and a chamber tuberculin test applied to the surface of the skin in 4 concentrations were performed on 229 children and 516 adults. The results were recorded at 72 hours. There was a significant correlation between the two tests. The chamber tuberculin test is technically easy, painless and atraumatic. It gives an opportunity of using a full range of concentrations of tuberculin resulting in a quantitative measurement of sensitivity in one and the same test procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cross-sensitivity within the neomycin group of antibiotics.

Neomycin sensitive patients were tested for hypersensitivity to kanamycin, gentamycin, tobramycin, spectinomycin and to the new, not yet registered sisomycin and netilmicin. Cross-sensitivity occured in a considerable part of the patients, except for spectinomycin, the structure of which is basically different from that of the other aminoglycosides tested. The common occurence of cross-sensitivity between neomycin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics shows that it is possible to predict cross-sensitivity between a new drug and an old sensitizing one before clinical reactions from the new drug have occured. Such an investigation should be performed before adopting new antibiotics.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1979

Unsuitability of bakery work for a person with atopy: a study of 234 bakery workers.

A disease of the atopic group was established in 25% of bakery employees investigated: 9% had asthma, 25% allergic rhinitis and 5% atopic eczema. The definite role of flour dust as an allergen maintaining asthma was established in 14 of 21 bakery employees with asthma. The onset of asthma in bakery work occurred after an average of 4.2 years of exposure to flour dust. The study revealed that 71% of the bakers suffering from an atopic disease had close relations with a history of atopic disease, whereas the corresponding percentage for the healthy group was 17. The results indicated that no person with current atopic disease or earlier signs of one should be given employment in the bakery branch. A relative bar to employment appears to be also the occurrence of these forms of diseases in the applicant's close relations.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Triclocarban: evaluation of contact dermatitis potential in man.

Triclocarban was subjected to a profiling of its dermatitis producing potential including irritancy (21-day cumulative irritancy potential and application to 213 normal controls), phototoxicity (method of Marzulli), predictive contact sensitization (modified Draize method), predictive phototesting and battery screening in 2200 dermatitis patients, in an effort to define its relative dermatitis potential. The allergic contact dermatitis potential of triclocarban following bar soap use appears minimal.

Carbanilides↗
PubMed1976

Allergy to ingredients of vehicles.

Common ingredients of vehicles such as perfumes, antibacterial agents, emulsifiers and other surface active agents, propylene glycol, lanolin and wool alcohols were tested in eczema patients over a three-year period. Perfume allergy was detected in 3.6% of the cases, sensitivity to thiomersal in 2%, to sorbic acid in 0.8%, to parabens in only 0.3%, and to wool alcohols in 1.2%. Reactions to emulsifiers were seen over 1% of those tested.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Photoepicutaneous testing with the chamber method.

The chamber test, so far successfully applied to epicutaneous testing, proved to be suitable for photoepicutaneous testing as well. A simple and reliable method was developed by dividing the test areas (after removing the tests from the skin) into two equal parts, one for ultraviolet irradiation and the other for dark control. Variations in the amounts of the test substances had a slight influence on the size but not on the strength of the reactions.

Coal Tar↗
PubMed1976

Contact sensitivity to emulsifiers.

Common emulsifiers were tested in over 1,200 patients with eczema. Triethanolamine stearate tested at 5% in petrolatum caused irritant reactions in 9.5% of the patients. On the other hand, non-ionic emulsifying agents tested at 10-20% produced irritation in only a few cases. Allergic reactions were found in 2.1% of those tested. Lanette, sorbitan sesquioleate, the Spans, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative, and triethanolamine stearate each elicited allergic reactions in 0.3-0.7% of the cases. The Tweens caused an allergy in only two cases, but glycerol monostearate caused no reaction at all. Five out of six patients sensitive to sorbitan sesquioleate reacted positively to the Spans as well. The patients allergic to one or more emulsifiers were also sensitive to several other substances included in our routine test series with the exception of four patients who reacted only to the emulsifying agents.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1975

Chamber test versus patch test for epicutaneous testing.

A new modification of the chamber test for epicutaneous testing, and improved auxiliary equipment are presented. Compared with the customary patch test, the chamber test in its present form has several remarkable advantages, which are described in detail.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1975

Skin reactions to propylene glycol.

Propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG), and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) were tested, as is, in a total of 1,556 cases of eczema using the chamber test method. All the year round, the number of positive reactions to PG was 12.5% to EG 4.9%, and to PEG 400 0.3%. A total of 30% of the positive reactions to PG were allergic in appearance. Also the new fatty alcohol-PG bases of Metosyn ointment and Topilar ointment as well as Metosyn ointment (fluocinonide) itself provoked reactions in a great number of patients with positive reactions to PG, as is. The reactions to PG were considered to be truly allergic in four cases. In them, positive reactions were elicited by testing with high dilutions of PG and by applying the glycol in the patients' armpits as an open test. It is concluded that PG and topical preparations containing it in high concentrations should not be used with occlusion, and that allergic reactions must be watched.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1975

27 Years of occupational dermatology in Finland.

A survey is given of the actual causes of occupational dermatoses and the variation in their incidence in a series of 4,529 patients seen at the out-patient clinic for skin diseases in the Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, and its precursor, during the 27-year period from 1946 to 1972. The overall incidence was highest for alkalis and detergents, cement, oil of turpentine and other solvents. Due to the increased use of synthetic resins in recent years a rise was seen in the frequency of eczema caused by these substances. Nevertheless, eczema due to rubber chemicals has also increased. The decreased incidence of turpentine eczema reflects its reduced use. In 45% of the cases the diagnosis was verified by positive epicutaneous tests. Of the 8,057 patients admitted because of a suspected occupational skin disorder, a non-occupational skin disease was diagnosed or the occupational origin remained unproved in 3,528 cases. The most important differential diagnoses and the differences in the location of the skin changes in the non-occupational as compared with the occupational group are discussed.

Chromates↗