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Biomedical subjects

V Pellegrini

Publications and source records attributed to V Pellegrini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Case report: multiple myeloma--a rare presentation.

An unusual case of multiple myeloma is reported in a 61-year-old man presenting with hepatomegaly and multiple hypoechoic lesions in the liver seen on ultrasound. Following cytotoxic chemotherapy the size and number of the lesions within the liver had significantly reduced.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1994

[Pulmonary infections in children. I -- pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila].

Pneumonia due to L. pneumophila occurs frequently in children even though "legionnaires' disease" in adults in usual. The authors show a literary scientific review of almost one hundred cases, sporadic generally, in childhood. In children legionnaires' disease remembers the adults infection, beginning with bronchiolitis. The extrarespiratory symptoms appears more frequently in adults. Chest roentgenograms obtained early reveal patchy infiltrates that become nodular areas of consolidation bilateral also, with pleural effusion. In children prognosis is poor (exitus in 15 about 97 described cases). The infection responds to erythromycin; it is administered intravenously, but oral treatment may also be used.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

[Pulmonary infections in children. II - Mycoplasma pneumonia].

The authors show a literary review on Mycoplasma pneumonia which represents a fifth of human pneumonia. M. pneumoniae is the major cause of illness in school-age children (5-9 years) and young adults and the peak incidence of illness occurs in this age. The infection appears mainly as an interstitial pneumonitis and the onset of illness is gradual, influence-like with few clinical symptoms and typical roentgenographic and bronchoscopic findings. Cold hemagglutinins appear in approximately 50% of patients. A severe prognosis can be associated with extrarespiratory symptoms; Erythromycin (as others macrolides) is the drug of choice.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

[Pulmonary infections in children. III. Pneumonia due to Chlamydia trachomatis].

The authors show a scientific literary review on Ch. trachomatis pneumonia. A distinctive syndrome pneumonia has been reported in infants infected by Chlamydia (at 2-3 months of age) in genital-urinary infected mothers. The infection may be preceded by conjunctivitis, in apyrexia followed by attacks of coughing pertussis-like. Blood eosinophilia is present. Although favorable prognosis in infancy, erythromycin is the drug of choice shortening the clinical course erythromycin is also recommended in woman infected prevention.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1994

[Lung infections in children. IV. Pneumonia due to Chlamydia pneumoniae].

Chlamydia pneumoniae is the third strain of Chlamydia and transmission is presumed to be by droplet spread from symptomatic patients. The authors show a literature scientific review on subject-matter emphasizing several sporadic and epidemic case of illness in every age, first months excepted. The described cases are few and therefore clinical characteristics are shadowy. Certain clinical features are suggesting of severe pneumonia with fever and pharyngitis without exudate. In the childhood and in the adolescence the clinical evolution is favourable. Tetracyclines or erythromycin is recommended for therapy.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Preparation and immunogenicity of an inactivated hepatitis A vaccine.

A hepatitis A vaccine was prepared by formaldehyde inactivation of purified hepatitis A virus (HAV) LSH/S strain grown on human diploid MRC-5 cells. The vaccine was devoid of residual infectivity in vitro and failed to induce in marmoset monkeys any pathological features or variations of haematological and clinical chemistry values. Infectious HAV particles were not detected in faeces and sera of the vaccinated primates by ELISA or after passages in MRC-5 cells. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was evaluated by injecting guinea-pigs with 0.8, 0.2 or 0.05 micrograms of HAV antigen adsorbed onto 0.5 and 1 mg of Al (OH)3 or 0.3 mg of AlPO4. The antibody response, measured by a competitive radioimmunoassay, was dose- and adjuvant-dependent. One injection of 0.2 micrograms of AlPO4-adsorbed HAV antigen induced seroconversion in 100% of animals and high levels of specific and neutralizing serum antibodies. A further increase of antibody titres was observed after the second and third inoculations. These results show that this vaccine formulation is safe and immunogenic in animal models, and suggest that it should be evaluated further by human clinical studies.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

Assessment of inactivation of hepatitis A vaccine by compound PCR.

Assuring the complete inactivation of hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine commonly requires prolonged tissue culture amplification, followed by detection of virus antigen in cell lysates. A reliable, but faster, alternative procedure is highly desirable since it will permit the prescreening of experimental batches of killed HAV, prior to tissue-culture amplification. We established experimental conditions for simultaneous, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based amplification of viral and cellular mRNA sequences from infected cell RNA (compound PCR). Under these conditions, the presence of virus-specific amplified sequences, as detected by Southern blot, allows the identification of incompletely inactivated vaccine batches with a threshold practically identical to that of the more time-consuming subculture and ELISA. Compound PCR is, by its nature flexible enough for adaption to different requirements and it should prove useful for rapid prescreening of vaccine batches and pilot studies for improvement of inactivation protocols.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1991

C.T. findings in the Hajdu-Cheney syndrome.

We describe a patient with the typical features of Hajdu-Cheney Syndrome. The previously undescribed cranial computerised tomographic (C.T.) findings in this condition are discussed. In addition we describe a possible association with bowel malrotation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Characterization of a hepatitis A virus strain suitable for vaccine production.

A novel isolate of hepatitis A virus, obtained from a clinical sample, has been adapted to grow on cultured human diploid cells. Growth and purification parameters have been optimized to obtain conditions suitable for the development of an inactivated vaccine. The entire viral genome was molecularly cloned, and the gene encoding the VP3 capsid protein was expressed in Escherichia coli. The resulting recombinant VP3 was used to obtain rabbit antisera which recognize the denatured protein in purified virion preparations. Nucleotide sequencing data are presented and compared to known sequences of different strains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Is the coned lateral lumbosacral junction radiograph necessary for radiological diagnosis?

The lumbar spine radiographs of 400 orthopaedic outpatients were reviewed to determine if the absence of the coned lateral lumbosacral junction radiograph would lead to a loss in diagnostic accuracy. In 84 (21%) patients the antero-posterior and lateral lumbar spine radiographs failed to visualize adequately the lumbosacral junction. In these patients the coned lateral lumbosacral junction radiograph resulted in 17 (4.5%) diagnoses which would otherwise have been missed. The diagnoses were spondylosis (11), spondylolisthesis (3), spondylolysis (1), Paget's disease (1) and infection (1). Absence of the coned lateral lumbosacral radiograph will result in inadequate demonstration of the lumbosacral junction and a loss in diagnostic accuracy.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Randomized trial comparing single dose versus fractionated irradiation for prevention of heterotopic bone: a preliminary report.

Radiation therapy has been shown to prevent heterotopic bone formation in high risk patients undergoing total hip replacement. A number of doses have been used without a randomized trial comparing one dose regimen against another. A prospective randomized trial was undertaken comparing 10 Gy in 5 fractions versus 8 Gy in 1 fraction. Forty-seven patients have been randomized at the time of this evaluation with 37 patients eligible for analysis. The pre-operative, immediate post-operative and 2 month post-operative radiographs were graded. At the time of this analysis, 17 patients were randomized to the 8 Gy arm with 20 patients in the 10 Gy arm. Patients were treated with limited fields so as to only cover the area at risk for development of heterotopic bone to prevent adverse effects on biologic fixation of uncemented implants. When comparing the pre-operative, operative, and 2 month post-operative radiographs, only four patients (1 patient in the 8 Gy arm and 3 patients in the 10 Gy arm), had an increase in the score. No patient had an increase in score to a clinically significant level, usually grade 3 or 4. These preliminary results appear to show that 8 Gy in a single fraction can be as effective as 10 Gy in 5 fractions in preventing heterotopic bone in susceptible individuals. Further follow-up of the remaining patients may confirm this.

Female↗
PubMed1989

The development of ciliated and mucus cells from basal cells in hamster tracheal epithelial cell cultures.

Hamster tracheal epithelia consist of three cell types: ciliated, mucus and basal cells. Autoradiographic data from several studies suggest that either basal or non-ciliated columnar cells may serve as stem cells for regeneration of lost or damaged ciliated and mucus cells. The objective of the present study was to examine the role of basal cells in the formation of ciliated and mucus cells in hamster tracheal epithelial (HTE) cell cultures via tritiated thymidine ([3H]-TdR) autoradiography. When 3 day cultures were pulsed with [3H]-TdR for 6 hr and incubated for 2 additional days in non-radioactive media (5 day total) label was present in the nuclei of basal and columnar epithelial cells suggesting that the labeled columnar cells may be derived from basal cells. However, the morphological reorganization occurring during this 2 day interval may create difficulties in this interpretation. Since these morphological changes are minimal during the 6 day to 8 day in vitro period, 6 day HTE cultures were pulsed with [3H]-TdR for 6 hr and incubated for 2 additional days in non-radioactive media (8 day total), and examined to further study the fate of labeled basal cells during this period. Analysis of these 8 day cultures revealed that labeled nuclei were present in both basal cells and adjacent ciliated and mucus cells. These results do not exclude the possibility of non-basal cell origin of ciliated and mucus cells in other systems but suggest that, at least in HTE cultures, undifferentiated basal cells have the ability to develop into ciliated and mucus cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

An in vitro system for the study of tracheal epithelial cells.

Enzymatically dissociated hamster tracheal epithelial (HTE) cells were cultured on collagen coated Millicell filters. Within 3-5 days after being placed in culture large numbers of ciliated and mucus cells began to appear. By 1 week the HTE cells closely resembled those seen in vivo, i.e. columnar morphology and organelle polarity. After 4 weeks in vitro the HTE cultures were still able to maintain the polarity and overall columnar morphology found in in vivo tissue. There was, in addition, no apparent degradation of the collagen substrate. Auto-radiographic data indicated that there was an initial period of high DNA synthesis during the first 3 days in vitro. This was followed by a second phase in which, by day 6, the amount of DNA synthesis was greatly reduced. Analysis of the numbers of ciliated cells relative to non-ciliated cells demonstrated that between days 5 and 8 there was an increase in the percentage of ciliated cells, suggesting that cellular differentiation (i.e. ciliogenesis) follows cellular proliferation. The results of this study show that when HTE cells are grown on collagen-coated Millicell filters there is a significant improvement in cell growth and morphology yielding cells that are very similar to those present under in vivo conditions. Moreover, since there is no degradation of the collagen substrate, HTE cultures may be suitable for long-term studies of respiratory tract epithelia.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A molecular model of artificial glycoprotein with predetermined multiple immunodeterminants for gram-positive and gram-negative encapsulated bacteria.

An artificial molecule was synthesized by covalently linking the oligosaccharide haptens derived frm Streptococcus pneumoniae type 6A and Neisseria meningitidis group C capsular polysaccharides to the non-toxic mutant protein CRM197, serologically related to diphtheria toxin. Immunochemical analysis using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies showed in the glycoprotein the presence of specific immunodeterminants of the native polysaccharides and of the carrier protein. The immunological activity of this hybrid molecule tested in two animal models gave evidence for anamnestic induction of serum antibodies specifically directed to the three distinct native molecules. They neutralized the toxicity of diphtheria toxin, recognized the polysaccharide capsule of S. pneumoniae type 6A and 6B (group 6) strain and killed the N. meningitidis group C bacteria by complement-mediated bacterial lysis. These findings support the possibility of using in humans a multivalent antigen with immunogenic activity for several epidemiologically significant Gram-positive and Gram-negative encapsulated bacterial strains.

Animals↗