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Biomedical subjects

V Ottevanger

Publications and source records attributed to V Ottevanger.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Atopic dermatitis of the face, scalp, and neck: type I reaction to the yeast Pityrosporum ovale?

We have previously reported that a lipophilic yeast, Pityrosporum ovale (P. ovale) produced a high frequency of positive skin prick tests and in vitro histamine-release (HR) tests in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis (AD) of the face, scalp, and neck. In the present study, our aim was to confirm the involvement of P. ovale-specific IgE and to produce a standardized extract for diagnostic tests; 7/20 sera from patients with a positive HR test were positive in RAST. Several IgE-binding proteins could be detected with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by immunoblotting. Comparison of different extraction methods demonstrated that allergens were not released from P. ovale until after mechanical destruction of the yeast cells. Extraction of cultured P. ovale, obtained from the skin of various individuals suffering from AD of the face, scalp, and neck, resulted in very heterogenous patterns of constituents in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting analysis. Nevertheless, all extracts were recognized by patients' IgE. P. ovale may express varying protein patterns, depending on either source or stage of differentiation. Thus, at present, skin and HR tests may be superior to other available assays for diagnosing type I reactions to P. ovale in AD of the face, neck, and scalp.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1991

Subclinical human papilloma virus infection in condylomata acuminata patients attending a VD clinic.

In 37 (77%) of 48 patients with external genital warts, application of 5% acetic acid revealed areas of acetowhite epithelium. The lesions were not clinically apparent before acetic acid was applied but were easily detected without the use of a colposcope. In a control group of 20 patients with chlamydial urethritis and no history of genital warts, none had acetowhite genital lesions. Histological examination of biopsy specimens from the flat acetowhite lesions showed HPV infection with koilocytosis in 29 (78%) and in 3 (8%) intra-epithelial neoplasia grade II-III. Using in situ hybridization with commercially available biotinylated DNA probes, HPV types 16/18 could be detected in 7 (24%) patients with koilocytosis and in 3 (100%) patients with dysplasia. Simultaneous infection with HPV types 6/11, 16/18, and 31/33/35 was found in 8 of the 13 HPV DNA-positive patients. It is concluded that subclinical HPV-induced acetowhite lesions are common among patients with genital warts and that these flat lesions may be associated with a high grade of dysplasia. Consequently, routine use of the acetic acid test on the genital epithelium is recommended in patients with condylomata acuminata in order to diagnose and treat all HPV-infected areas.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1990

[Condylomata acuminata in children].

During the period 1.1.1967 to 31.12.1986, a total of 34 children with condylomata acuminata were treated in the County Hospitals in Copenhagen. Nineteen of these were treated during the last five years of the period. A retrospective study revealed that 12 of the children were under the age of two years when the condylomata appeared. In eight of these, one or both of the parents had condylomata at the time of the child's birth suggesting that infection of the child may have occurred during delivery. Among the remaining 22 children, a possible source of infection was revealed in only one case. In the children, condylomata were much more frequently localized perianally or anally than in adults. There was no evidence of sexual abuse in any of the children but systematic investigation with this in mind was not undertaken. The finding of condylomata in children raises the suspicion of sexual abuse but does not prove this. Investigation and treatment should, as a rule, be undertaken by a multidisciplinary team preferably in a paediatric department.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Immune reactions to Pityrosporum ovale in adult patients with atopic and seborrheic dermatitis.

Pityrosporum ovale is a lipophilic yeast commonly present in the seborrheic areas of the skin of adults. Fifty-five young adult patients with atopic dermatitis, 19 patients with seborrheic dermatitis, and 19 healthy control subjects were examined for immune reactions to P. ovale, including tests for specific IgE antibodies (prick test, histamine release), IgG antibodies and epicutaneous testing. IgE antibodies against P. ovale were found in two thirds of the patients with atopic dermatitis and were more frequent in patients with lesions predominantly in the seborrheic areas. In addition, some atopic patients had positive reactions to epicutaneous tests, which suggest that delayed allergic reactions to P. ovale may also be important. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis, no evidence of immediate or delayed hypersensitivity to P. ovale was found. IgG antibody levels were low in all groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Recent investigations on the relationship between fungal skin diseases and atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis may be associated with chronic dermatophyte infections and Pityrosporum related disorders. Recent epidemiologic studies in school children and young recruits have confirmed that atopic individuals have an increased susceptibility to Trichophyton rubrum infections of the feet and an increased risk for persistent infections. In contrast, an investigation on skin reactivity in dermatophyte infected atopic patients indicated that a group of these patients is fully able to eliminate the fungi concomitant with the development of a delayed type skin reactivity. Facial erythema and scaling, often including neck and shoulders, is present in many young adults with atopic dermatitis. Preliminary data from a Danish-Swedish investigation have shown that atopic dermatitis patients with head-neck-shoulder dermatitis compared to a group without this disorder and normal individuals more often demonstrate positive prick test, RAST and specific histamine release using extract of Pityrosporum ovale. These findings indicate that the presence of Pityrosporum ovale in the skin may cause an allergic reaction leading to dermatitis.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1989

Tissue-type plasminogen activator concentrations in plasma from patients with psoriasis.

An ELISA for tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) was developed and used to measure the concentration of t-PA in plasma from 15 healthy donors and 23 psoriasis patients. The mean value for the healthy donors was 2.4 +/- 1.3 ng/ml (SD) of t-PA in plasma. The mean value for the psoriasis patients was 4.4 +/- 3.2 ng/ml of t-PA. The psoriasis patients were divided into two groups: patients with mild psoriasis, i.e. less than 20% of the skin affected; and patients with severe psoriasis, i.e. more than 20% of the skin affected. Patients with mild psoriasis had t-PA concentrations of 2.8 +/- 2.3 ng/ml, while patients with severe psoriasis had 5.4 +/- 3.3 ng/ml. t-PA concentrations were higher in the psoriasis patients than in the normal controls (at the 5% level). The patients with severe psoriasis had t-PA concentrations significantly higher than the normal controls (at the 1% level).

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMed1988

Urokinase- and tissue-type plasminogen activators in keratinocytes during wound reepithelialization in vivo.

Urokinase- and tissue-type plasminogen activators (u-PA and t-PA) were identified immunohistochemically during reepithelialization of mouse and human skin wounds, by means of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. In incised mouse skin wounds u-PA immunoreactivity was found in keratinocytes at the edge of the wound after 12 h, and at days 2 to 10 after wounding it was found in virtually all keratinocytes of the epithelial outgrowth that gradually covered the wound. At day 14, the epidermis appeared normal and no u-PA immunoreactivity was detected. t-PA immunoreactivity was found from day 5 to day 10 in some keratinocytes located superficially in the epidermal outgrowths near the edge of the mouse wounds. In 3- and 5-day old human skin wounds, u-PA immunoreactivity was found in keratinocytes in the epithelial outgrowths, whereas no t-PA immunoreactivity was detected. No u-PA and no t-PA immunoreactivity was found in normal mouse and human epidermis. The specificity of the staining was supported by a variety of controls, including absorption of the polyclonal antibodies with highly purified u-PA and t-PA preparations and zymographic analysis of extracts of wound tissue. The function of the plasminogen activators during reepithelialization is discussed and it is suggested that the keratinocytes use plasmin activated by u-PA for dissecting their way through the provisional matrix in the upper part of the granulation tissue.

Adult↗