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V Novotný

Publications and source records attributed to V Novotný.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[50 years' of the Institute of Sports Medicine at the Charles University Medical School on the 650th anniversary of its founding].

In an agreeable shadow of the great 650th anniversary of Charles University foundation (1348-1998), arising of the first Institute of Sports Medicine round the world on Medical Faculty in Prague (1948-1998) was commemorated by scientific session. Since J. E. Purkynĕ (1850) have gone idea of favourable effect of body training for human health by representatives of Prague Medical Faculty, till Doctor J. Král, who started lectures for medical students in this discipline in 1933. Rise of Institute of Sports Medicine was approved in 1934, but its realization thanks to Professor Král, was performed after 2nd World War in 1948. From the beginning, students have lectures within the framework of daily study of whole wide of the branche, including practical exercises and closing examine. First text book of sports medicine and first book about clinic in sports medicine was written (J. Král). Members of Institute lectured on many foreign universities and scientific congresses and published more than 2,500 scientific works, some of them have world priority. For example first wireless transmission of heart frequency (V. Seliger, V. Kruta), cardiologic observations during big sports load (J. Král, Z. Hornof), discoveries at biochemical laboratory (J. Král, A. Zenísek), at medical functional anthropologic laboratory (V. Novotný), introducing of remedial exercises in clinical practice (L. Schmid, M. Zintlová, J. Chrástek) etc. In the set out choice of literary citation it is put on only fragment of publications which document scientific activity of jubileeing Institute. For period of duration of Institute more than hundred thousand patients were examined--both sportives and non-sportives, young and old. Contemporary trend goes from classic care about sportsmen towards preventive medicine. Attention is focused first of all to testing of middle aged and older patients in sense of prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and indication for specific movement load. In 650 years history of pedagogic and scientific success of Charles University, 50-year activity of Institute of Sports Medicine means only tiny part. In view of healthy risks, which brings modern life style and in view of worsening of environment, an important task stand before the discipline with new prevention conception.

Czech Republic↗
PubMed1997

[Trends in physical fitness in male white collar workers in the Czech population over the past 20 years].

BACKGROUND: Common mortality and especially mortality on CAD is increased by low aerobic component of physical fitness. A study dealing with physical fitness changes of the Czech population has been still missing in our bibliography. The aim of the study was to evaluate physical fitness changes in the Czech male population since last 20 years. METHODS AND RESULTS: Physical fitness in 494 men in the age range of 20 - 60 years was compared to the men fitness examined 20 years ago. In the men of 20 - 29.9 years peak power (3.90 W vs 3.46 W, p < 0.01) and maximal ventilation (1.38 l.min-1 vs 1.24 l.min-1, p < 0.05) decreased. In the men 30 - 39.9 years old only peak aerobic power (37.2 ml.min-1 vs 35.7 ml.min-1, p < 0.05) slightly decreased. In the men 40 - 49.9 years old Vemax.kg-1 (1.38 l.min-1 vs 1.18 l.min-1, p < 0.001) and VO2max.kg-1 (35.6 ml.min-1 vs 32.4 ml.min-1, p < 0.001) severely decreased as well as in 50 - 59.9 years old men VEmax.kg-1 (1.23 l.min-1 vs 1.13 l.min-1, p < 0.05) and VO2max.kg-1 (32.7 ml.min-1 vs 29.4 ml.min-1, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Physical fitness of the Czech white-collar men decreased. The decline of physical fitness was related not only to lower exercise activity, but also to significant increment of body fat. Physical fitness, especially its aerobic component, decreased in Czech older men since last 20 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Systemic lupus erythematosus in women and serum interleukin-6, sperm and zona pellucida antibodies.

Systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE) has been very often associated with complication in reproduction. 29 SLE women divided into two groups A (10 patients aged 18-36 years) and B (19 patients aged 42-67 years) were queried with regard to general, obstetric and SLE history by the use of a questionnaire. Serum of each patient was tested for interleukin-6 (by ELISA), sperm antibodies (by mixed antiglobulin reaction and tray agglutination test) and zona pellucida antibodies (passive haemagglutination test and ELISA methods). Neuropathic, cutaneous and nephrotic symptoms prevailed in the SLE women. The group of younger women showed significant problems in fertility (only one woman became a happy mother) while 15 women in the elderly group were successfully pregnant before SLE diagnosis. Low serum II-6 levels were detectable only in 3 cases as a possible consequence of corticoid treatment. Levels of zona pellucida antibodies were higher in the elderly group B, levels of sperm antibodies were higher in contrast to younger SLE women (group A). The laboratory findings may be related to the severity of autoimmune disease and to menopause onset (group B) or good sexual activity (group A).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Paroxetine in the treatment of depressive disorders (pilot study)].

In an open study, 42 depressive patients (according to DSM-III-R) were administered paroxetine at mean minimal and maximum doses of 21 and 48 mg once daily in the morning. Treatment resulted in complete remission as defined by Serejsky in 57%, and 55% of patients were rated, according to CGI, as improved. Global HAMD and FKD scores significantly dropped compared to baseline values and responders and non-responders differed significantly as early as seven days of treatment, although the onset of the antidepressive effect was not clinically apparent before 2 weeks of treatment. Significant reductions were seen in all items except paranoidity and weight loss and hypochondria using the FKD scale. A substantial reduction in suicidal ideation and tendencies was also noted in the group of non-responders, a finding supporting a non-specific anti-suicidal effect of paroxetine, which was therapeutically significantly more successful in women than in men. Side effects occurring in 10% and more percent of treated subjects included fatiguability, sweating, tremor, dry mouth, obstipation and nausea.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Heroin addiction--a new type of drug dependence in Slovakia (personal experience)].

The authors present their initial experience with patients reporting contact with heroin. For the authors this is a new type of dependence. They present a group of 33 patients (only two women), mean age 26 years, hospitalized at two psychiatric clinics in Bratislava. The majority of patients were single, and had only elementary education. Only in 10 patients the diagnosis of fully developed dependence on heroin confirmed, in 12 patients sign of dependence were lacking. The authors draw attention to the discrepancy between subjective data of the patients and objectively assessable signs of dependence. Most frequently heroin was inhaled, only in five patients i.v. administration of the drug was recorded. For treatment available psychopharmaceutical preparations were used (anxiolytics, neuroleptics). Opium administration was not necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Homicidal activity directed against parents (forensic-psychiatric aspect)].

The authors present an account of four men where orders were given to examine their mental state because of murderous activity focused on a parent. In three instances murder was involved, in one case attempted murder. Three of the subjects were youths 13-19 year old, one was 61-year-old at time of murder. In three instances the activity occurred in a state of affect, incl. one case of simple affect of anger and mild drunkenness, in another case (except simple affect of fear) a short-out activity, and in the last case a pathic affect with impaired consciousness at the climax. In one case (the 13-year-old boy) the parent was killed during sleep obnubilation. The temporary mental disorder at the time of the crime led in three of the murders to severe impairment of differentiating and control abilities. In another of the men (61 years old) in the impaired control and differentiating abilities in addition to the affect of anger and simple drunkenness--slight impairment of cognitive functions participated. The authors emphasize the exceptional character of aggression in cases of murderous activities focused on parents. They compare their own experience with data in the literature and draw attention to the frequent occurrence of major forensic mental disorders. The diagnosis of mental disorders must respect general diagnostic principles. An important part is played by auxiliary examination methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Physical fitness and CHD risk factors in operators and managers of nuclear and thermal power plants situated in environmentally different regions of the Czech Republic.

Nuclear and thermal power plants are seen as one of the threats to human health. Most investigations explore the potential hazards of radiation and the potential impact of a polluted environment. Less attention is being paid to the human factor, i.e. to the people who actually are directly involved in the generation of electrical power and whose sudden collapse could result in a disaster. In this paper dealing with the prevention of CHD we submit, in a condensed form, the results of our long-term testing of operators and managers from one nuclear and two thermal power plants, located in totally dissimilar regions of the Czech Republic. In our investigations, which are still going on, we are using a whole battery of methods--case history, anthropological, clinical and functional tests. Our test subjects are middle-aged men, an age group most prone to CHD. The most favourable results of the vast majority of tests were obtained at the nuclear power plant in southern Moravia, while the most adverse ones--with respect to the danger of CHD--in the men from the thermal power plant in Prague. For the most part these results, in the light of a thorough analysis of the case history, anthropological, clinical, functional and biochemical investigations of these middle-aged men, should be seen as the cumulative effect of both their way of life (locomotor activities, nutrition) and the environment, in which they live. The men working at the nuclear power plant live in the least polluted environment. People's way of life may to some extent be influenced and some preventive steps along these lines have already been taken.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Medical and anthropological study of a world and Olympic champion, long-distance runner, 35 years after the end his racing career.

E.Z. former world champion and holder of several gold and silver medals from Olympic Games as long-distance runner, underwent at the age of 71 comprehensive investigations. In 1993 following methods were used to establish E.Z. body build and health: Family, personal and sports history, anthropometry, somatotype, body composition posture values, sports medicine examination, ECG at rest, X-rays of the lung and heart, echocardiography at rest, systolic time intervals at rest, spirography at rest, hematology, biochemistry, X-rays of bones, exercise ECG changes and spiroergometry. Today, a typical feature of E.Z.'s bodybuild is a great amount of body fats, flabby musculature, faulty posture, restricted mobility of the spinal column and surprisingly good foot arches. The clinical findings are appropriate for his age, on his ECG at rest are signs of subendocardial ischemia above the left ventricle, atrial fibrillation and ventricular extrasystoles (Lown 1 a-b). Exercise ECG resulted in a deepening of the ischaemic changes already at a working load of 50 W. Hematology revealed normochromic macrocyt anaemia, biochemistry a borderline mineralogram, hyperuricaemia, higher S-GMT and HDL-C, T-C at the limit of normal values. X-rays of the bones were remarkable in two findings of that age. The pelvis, lumbar spine and knee joints were free of the usual pathological findings (osteoarthrosis), but presented with an exceptionally advanced osteoporosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[J. E. Purkinje and sports medicine].

Work which preceded contemporary sports medicine remains in the shadow of major discoveries made by J. E. Purkynĕ. The author draws therefore attention to some of Purkynĕ's original ideas and methods which quite rightly can be considered the basis of sports medicine. Purkynĕ was probably the first who followed up the response to exercise manifested in the circulation and other functions of the organism. He was also the author of some examination procedures which together with modern laboratory technique are the basis of functional diagnosis. In Purkynĕ's work we find also suggestions for the solution of problems of prevention, so frequently discussed nowadays. He considered advisable physical exercise an integral part of the perspective of good health of man. It is remarkable how much foresight he had more than 150 years ago not only in theory but also from the practical aspect as regards the lifestyle of modern man.

Czechoslovakia↗
PubMed1993

[Anxiolytics 1988-1991 (review)].

In the submitted paper the author reviews the literature on anxiolytics during the mentioned period, based on previous reviews. He discusses the extent to which anxiolytics are used. The majority of information pertains to benzodiazepine BD anxiolytics. He provides data on treatment of anxious conditions, on the administration of anxiolytics in impaired sleep, in gerontopsychiatry and alcohology. In broader indications anxiolytics are administered also in depressions, manias and other psychoses. Attention is paid also to the risk of development of dependence on anxiolytics, tolerance and withdrawal syndromes. In the conclusion the author present information on recent non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1992

[Adverse effects of antidepressive agents in hospitalized geriatric patients].

The frequency, intensity and profile of adverse effects of antidepressants was studied in elderly patients. The series consisted of 102 patients with depression admitted to hospitals in Bratislava and Moscow. The adverse effects of amitriptyline (Amitriptylin Spofa) and maprotiline (Ludiomil Ciba-Geigy) were compared. The assessment done on days 0, 7, and 28 of treatment showed that xerostomia had the highest occurrence rate with both preparations studied. In patients treated with amitriptyline adverse effects were more severe and were recorded more frequently, requiring treatment withdrawal in 3 patients. The overall intensity of adverse effects was significantly higher with amitriptyline (p < 0.05). In the group of patients treated with amitriptyline the adverse effects were more marked in those with severe somatic pathology. The risk of amitriptyline treatment in elderly patients is being emphasized along with the need for monitoring and correcting adverse effects of the treatment. Although maprotiline exhibited a lower occurrence rate of adverse effects, cardiac functions should be regularly checked in patients with preexisting cardiac pathology. (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 6.).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[The importance and urgency of pneumothorax].

In a group of 110 subject with pneumothorax some factors are evaluated which may influence its impact and urgency. Attention is devoted to the length of the disease before surgical treatment, to the most frequent basic and accessory diseases, methods and complications of therapy, its effect and to economic aspects. Treatment on account of thoracotomy was indicated in 8.2% subjects. A total of six patients died. The authors recorded an increase of artificial pneumothorax. They draw attention to the disproportionately severe sequelae which may be due to apparently insignificant causes. Cure within one week was achieved in two-thirds of the group, the mortality increased steeply with the increasing number of relapses of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Maintenance therapy in schizophrenia using clozapine].

Most of the experience with the atypical neuroleptic of Clozapine (Leponex, Sandoz) pertains to active treatment. In conjunction with possible risks, at present its administration in selected groups of patients is recommended. The authors describe the results of an intraindividual comparison of Clozapine in 11 patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia (according to ICD-9), 7 men, mean age 30.5 years with previous neuroleptic treatment. The average period for comparison was 2.3 years (1.5-4 years), the mean daily dose of Clozapine was 200 mg (50-400 mg). During Clozapine treatment the hospitalization period was significantly shorter and the number of hospital admissions was lower. The frequency of undesirable effects was equal during both periods. During Clozapine treatment morning sleepiness and hypersalivation were more frequent and during treatment with neuroleptics extrapyramidal undesirable effects. In none of the patients they caused discontinuation of treatment. Transient leukopenia after Clozapine in one patient was improved after reduction of the dose. The paper is supplemented by the case-history of female patient treated by Clozapine monotherapy during 17 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of male pseudopregnancy].

The authors give an account of views concerning pseudocyesis and phantom pregnancy resp. It is a condition which is extremely rare in males. The authors describe the case-history of a 60-year-old man hospitalized at the Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty Hospital Bratislava on account of phantom pregnancy. They discuss the possible nosological classification of the presented case. In the conclusion they submit the view that phantom pregnancy can be included among monosymptomatic psychoses (e.g. as tactile hallucinosis).

Female↗