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Biomedical subjects

V Nicolas

Publications and source records attributed to V Nicolas.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Computed tomographic research on the viability of a free fat pedicle flap in the area of a laminectomy].

Nineteen patients were examined clinically and by CT three to five years after partial or total hemilaminectomy using a fat pedicle as cover. The results were compared with a control group of fourteen patients without fat pedicles. With CT it is possible to check the fat pedicles directly. Survival of the fat pedicle without peridural scarring was present in 68%. It was not possible to demonstrate any correlation between the extent of scarring and clinical abnormalities.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

[Results and complications of CT-guided puncture biopsies with a wide-lumen puncture needle].

The results obtained in 187 CT-guided biopsies using a wide lumen needle are described. Biopsies in the thorax, abdomen, retroperitoneum and in the pelvis have been evaluated. A retrospective analysis of the material has shown an accuracy of 97.8% and sensitivity of 95.8%. The total complication rate was 8%. Amongst 120 biopsies in the thorax, 6.6% developed a pneumothorax. Therapeutic drainage was carried out in fifteen patients.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

[CT findings in ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms].

In nine patients with ruptured aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and in one patient with a ruptured aneurysm of a common iliac artery who also had an abdominal aortic aneurysm, CT was performed. Three of the nine patients were also examined by sonography. CT proved to be the method of choice in the diagnosis of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. The most important CT signs are: demonstration of an aortic aneurysm; haematoma usually unilateral and retroperitoneal; ventral or ventro-lateral displacement of a kidney; enlargement of the psoas, which may be indistinguishable from the haematoma, possibly with direct penetration of the psoas fascia; indistinct margin of the aortic wall at the rupture site.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[MR tomography following kidney transplantation].

The results obtained by MR tomography in 30 patients after renal grafting are compared with the clinical and histological data in respect of corticomedullary contrast (CMC). In 22 patients with regular functioning of the transplant the CMC was normal at 19.4%. Eight MR examinations yielded a clearly reduced CMC below 14%. In 7 of these 8 patients it was possible to prove histologically the existence of an acute tubular necrosis or of a transplant rejection. Noninvasive MR tomography yielded an early indication for treating the acute renal transplant rejection without being able to differentiate between such a rejection and acute renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Current diagnosis of pediatric kidney trauma: consequences for therapy planning].

For the therapy of pediatric renal trauma there is always the question of the appropriate diagnostic measures. The various procedures such as ultrasound, urography, scintigraphy, computed tomography, conventional angiography, arterial and venous digitalized subtraction angiography are discussed. By these new methods it is possible to judge the severity of renal trauma more accurately and to limit the indications for an operation. With stable circulation an operation should only be performed in the presence of a large, expanding retroperitoneal hematoma, extensive extravasation (urinoma), persistent massive hematuria or if large areas of devitalized renal tissue are found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Comparison between i.a. DSA and cineangiography for evaluating the coronary arteries and the left ventricle].

In twenty-two patients with coronary heart disease, selective coronary angiography and laevo-cardiography were carried out by means of conventional cine angiography and intra-arterial DSA. For evaluating left ventricular function, intra-arterial DSA and cine angiography were of equal value (r = 0.97). A significant advantage of DSA was the fact that it is easily reproducible. On the other hand, DSA is less good for quantifying coronary stenoses and for demonstrating the peripheral vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Radiation exposure of patients and operators during interventional radiology].

Surface doses received by patients and operators were measured during 30 interventional radiological procedures (ten percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainages, ten percutaneous nephrostomies, ten percutaneous transluminal angioplasties). In addition, organ doses to the patient were determined using an Alderson-Rando phantom. These served as a basis for calculating the so-called somatic dose indices. It was found that the somatic radiation risk to the patient is relatively small despite prolonged periods of fluoroscopy. However, exposure of the hands and lenses of the operator could easily reach the limits thought acceptable while carrying out these procedures with additional angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[MR tomography of hemophilic arthropathy of the knee joint].

The value of MR tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of haemophilic arthropathy of the knee was studied in 40 examinations, using special surface coils. Good spatial resolution and reconstruction in various planes provide an accurate demonstration of the lesion, particularly of the intra-articular structures. Abnormalities of the synovia and of hyaline cartilage can be demonstrated. MR tomography is an important imaging method which is superior to sonography or CT in demonstrating complications resulting from the bleeding, such as effusions and haemarthroses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Importance of computed tomography in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary adrenal tumors].

In the present study, 29 patients with primary adrenal tumours and one with an extra-adrenal paraganglioma were examined. With an accuracy of over 90%, computed tomography is the method of choice if there is clinical suspicion of a suprarenal tumour. Pathological changes greater than 8 to 10 mm can be demonstrated. Low absorption values, up to 25 HU, are found predominantly with hyperplasias and adenomas. Phaeochromocytomas, carcinomas and metastases, on the other hand, show significantly higher densities between 30 and 60 HU. CT also demonstrates neighbouring structures. Differentiation between benign and malignant processes is also possible by demonstrating tumour infiltration or metastases.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Interaction of bemetizide and indomethacin in the kidney.

The effect of a single oral dose of 25 mg bemetizide on renal function without and with concomitant administration of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin was investigated in ten healthy volunteers during sustained water diuresis. Bemetizide induced a significant increase in urinary sodium and chloride excretion from 196 +/- 30 and 163 +/- 28 mumol/min to 690 +/- 54 and 537 +/- 51 mumol/min (P less than 0.01). This effect occurred in the absence of changes in glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion of phosphate or the delivery of chloride beyond the proximal nephron to the distal tubules (distal delivery) [(CH2O + CCl)/GFR . 100], but was associated with a significant decrease in distal fractional chloride absorption (DFACl) [CH2O/(CH2O + CCl)] from 0.84 +/- 0.02 to 0.63 +/- 0.02 (P less than 0.01). Bemetizide also increased urinary excretion of prostaglandin (PG) E2. Concomitant indomethacin administration significantly suppressed urinary excretion of PGE2 and markedly decreased urinary excretion of sodium and chloride during control and following bemetizide administration. Indomethacin had no effect on glomerular filtration rate, urinary excretion of phosphate, distal delivery or the urinary excretion of bemetizide but significantly increased DFACl both during control and after bemetizide administration. Our results show that bemetizide as a thiazide-diuretic acts in the diluting segments of the nephron. Indomethacin administration induces retention of sodium and chloride and blunts the renal effects of bemetizide via increased absorption in the diluting segments. The interaction of both drugs most likely represents a pharmacodynamic interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Prostaglandins participate in the regulation of NaCl absorption in the diluting segments of the nephron in vivo: effects of furosemide.

Various studies point to a role of the renal prostaglandin (PG) system in the regulation of renal NaCl excretion. In the present experiments, distal delivery of proximal tubular fluid (DD) [CH20 + CC1)/GFR x 100] and distal fractional chloride absorption (DFAC1) [CH20/(CH20 + CC1)] were studied in 6 healthy volunteers undergoing sustained water diuresis. Studies of renal function were performed during intravenous infusion of hypotonic (0.45%) saline and during additional treatment with indomethacin, furosemide and furosemide plus indomethacin. Hypotonic saline was infused at increasing rates of 0.09, 0.18, and 0.36 ml min-1 kg-1 body weight each for a 45-min period. DD over all three clearance periods averaged 8.27 +/- 0.71 ml min-1 100 ml-1 glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during saline infusion alone and was unchanged by indomethacin (8.09 +/- 0.63 ml min-1 100 ml-1 GFR). DFAC1 averaged 0.79 +/- 0.02 during saline and significantly increased to 0.87 +/- 0.01 (p less than 0.002) during concomitant indomethacin treatment. Increased NaCl absorption in the diluting segment during indomethacin was paralleled by a decrease in urinary excretion of chloride (UC1V) from 221 +/- 29 during control to 124 +/- 19 muEq/min (p less than 0.025) and in urinary excretion of PGE2 (UPGE2V) from 1.45 +/- 0.12 to 0.51 +/- 0.09 pmol/min (p less than 0.025). Furosemide increased UPGE2V to 2.94 +/- 0.34 pmol/min (p less than 0.05) and UC1V to 2,590 +/- 128 muEq/min (p less than 0.001). This effect was associated with an increase in DD to 26.70 +/- 1.33 ml min-1 100 ml-1 GFR (p less than 0.001) and a decrease in DFAC1 to 0.19 +/- 0.02 (p less than 0.001). Neither DD and DFAC1 nor UC1V were altered during furosemide+indomethacin as compared to furosemide in spite of a marked suppression of UPGE2V to 0.56 +/- 0.13 pmol/min. Our results support the concept that renal PG participate in the regulation of NaCl absorption in the diluting segments of the nephron. Furthermore, the tubular effects of furosemide appear not to be mediated by the PG system.

Absorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Possibilities for using nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in lumbar chemonucleolysis].

This paper documents a prospective study of the serial changes in the MRI appearances of the intervertebral disc after chemonucleolysis with chymopapain. After chemonucleolysis the mass of the disc prolaps had not changed. But there was a diminution of water content. The authors suggest that chemonucleolysis induces changes in the disc that may be comparable to degenerative processes. In consequence it may be of no use to carry out the chemonucleolysis in those cases, in which degenerative changes are already present in MR-imaging.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm--a life-threatening cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage: case report and review of the literature.

Gastrointestinal bleeding caused by erosion of a pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm in patients with pancreatitis is a rare but potentially life threatening disease. In this case report, the successful treatment of a patient bleeding from a ruptured pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm is described. A review of the literature of reported cases discusses the value of early angiographic intervention in patients with unexplained gastrointestinal hemorrhage and suspected rupture of an aneurysm.

Adult↗