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Biomedical subjects

V Navarro

Publications and source records attributed to V Navarro.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus in the elderly. Presentation of 13 cases].

The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical characteristics of the infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 13 aged patients with more than 60 years of age. In all the cases, the first clinical manifestation causing the visit to the doctor was an opportunistic infection with criteria of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), standing out the low CD4 rate in all the patients, a delay in the diagnosis and a short survival.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Reward and reinforcement produced by drinking water: role of opioids and dopamine receptor subtypes.

The conditioned place preference procedure was used to evaluate the reinforcing properties of drinking in water-deprived rats. Subjects were allowed to drink for 8 min and were then transferred to place preference cages. In Experiment 1, the effects of naloxone and pimozide on drinking-induced place preference were analyzed. Animals treated with naloxone, 16 mg/kg, before the conditioning sessions showed a place aversion instead of the place preference found in saline-treated animals. Naloxone also reduced drinking. It was proposed that naloxone induced a state of frustrative nonreward. Pimozide, 1 mg/kg, blocked place preference and somewhat reduced drinking. In Experiment 2, doses of 1 and 4 mg/kg naloxone were used. Both doses blocked place preference. A dose of 4 mg/kg had a marginal effect on drinking, while 1 mg/kg lacked effect on this behavior. Thus, naloxone may block the establishment of place preference without modifying drinking. The effects of the dopamine D1 antagonist SCH23390 and the D2 antagonist raclopride were studied in Experiment 3. SCH23390 blocked place preference and reduced drinking at doses of 0.25 and 0.125 mg/kg. A dose of 0.06 mg/kg did not affect drinking but inhibited place preference. Raclopride, 0.25 mg/kg, had the same effects as SCH23390 at the same dose while 0.125 mg/kg blocked place preference without affecting drinking. It appears that the effects of a D1 and a D2 antagonist are similar. Because the effects of these latter drugs also are similar to those obtained with naloxone, it is suggested that both dopamine and opioids are important for water-induced reinforcement. Possible interactions between these two neurotransmitter systems are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm in pregnancy: a case report.

A seventeen-year-old primigravida, without structural heart disease or abnormalities of serum chemistry, presented with complaints of palpitations during the twenty-fourth week of gestation. Holter monitoring revealed long episodes of accelerated idioventricular rhythm. The authors are not aware of similar reports, but this entity may be more common than realized because of the relative infrequency of rhythm monitoring in this particular group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Health services research: what is it?

This article reviews the hegemonic understanding of health services research in the United States and in the Anglo-Saxon world, taking as a point of reference the recently published PAHO anthology, Health Services Research: An Anthology (which contains the classics in health services research). The author outlines the main characteristics of health services research in the United States, and criticizes the focus on medical care of most health services research literature and the narrow spectrum of positions presented in that literature. He concludes that there is an urgent need for analyses of the socioeconomic and political forces that determine the level of health and the type of health services that exist in any society, analyses that are usually avoided in health services research.

Health Policy↗
PubMed1993

[Visceral leishmaniasis located in the intestines in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a report of 2 cases].

We discuss two cases of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) with intestinal invasion in patients diagnosed of infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The onset was as diarrheic manifestation associated to a constitutional syndrome, with no fever. One of the patients responded to treatment with antimonials, while the other died. References on this subject are scarce, being found on a literature search two similar cases as the ones described by us. We think that with every diarrheic process in HIV+ patients, VL diagnosis should be considered, and an intestinal biopsy should be performed.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. A prospective study of 215 patients].

We analyze the cases of 215 adult patients affected from tuberculosis (TB) and infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the study period from December 6th, 1986 to January 31st of 1992. Disease affected specially the group of drug addict patients (DAP) with a 74.88%, followed by paid plasma donors (PPD) from our city with a 12.09%. Sexual transmission was the route of contamination with the HIV in 16 cases. In five cases atypical mycobacteria were detected. First-line anti-tuberculostatics drugs activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis was excellent. A total of 17 cases with toxicity to any of these drugs were described. TB was located in the lung in 108 cases (50.23%), in 74 cases out of the lung (34.41%) and in 33 cases there was intrapulmonary as well as extrapulmonary affectation (15.34%). TB was diagnosed at the same time that a disease which met AIDS criteria in 13.49% of cases, TB was diagnosed first in 32.55% of cases, and AIDS was diagnosed before TB in only 7.91% of cases. Fever was the predominant symptom (88.84%), together with toxic status at admittance (80.47%) and deteriorated immune situation with lymphocytes count decrease (mean 1240/mm) and CD4 (mean value 134.5/mm) together with a mean raised IgA (492.85 mg/dl). Thorax radiography was normal in 34.88%. In 33 of these patients TB was localized in the lung, in 27.91% primary radiologic types were observed while in 31.16% reactivation types. In 51 cases (23.72%) tuberculosis was detected in patients (DAP) who were forwarded from the penitentiary system.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Mycobacteriosis from Mycobacterium szulgai in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

We present a case of renal and, probably, bone mycobacteriosis by M. szulgai in a patient infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). M. szulgai is an atypical skotochromogen mycobacterium rarely described in the literature. Clinically, it is characterized by the predominance of pulmonary manifestations undistinguishables from M. tuberculosis, and rarely affecting other organs. In our environment, such mycobacterium has never been isolated in the main series published in the literature. The evolution of the patient was good, disappearing the clinical signs after the tuberculostatic treatment. The antibiogram showed resistance to rifampicine, piracinamide and ethambutol.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Spain's health care.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed1992

Early postoperative occlusion of a left internal mammary artery bypass graft with subsequent restoration of patency.

Total occlusion of a left internal mammary artery (LIMA) bypass graft is a rare complication, and reversal of a documented occlusion has not been reported. This is a case of an early postoperative occlusion of a LIMA graft that was found to be patent 4 months later. A patient with three vessel disease (including a moderate lesion in the proximal left anterior descending artery and a severe lesion in its mid-portion) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with a LIMA to the mid-left anterior descending artery (LAD) and saphenous vein grafts to the right coronary and left circumflex arteries. Coronary angiography 3 months after surgery revealed a totally occluded internal mammary artery and saphenous vein grafts. The patient then underwent a successful angioplasty of the more distal lesion in the LAD. She subsequently returned with recurrent angina. Repeat coronary angiography revealed rapid progression of the disease in the proximal LAD with the more distal angioplasty site being widely patent. Selective arteriography of the internal mammary artery at that time revealed a patent vessel. Thus, the internal mammary graft is a physiologically active conduit that is dependent on flow dynamics. Competitive flow through the nonobstructive native LAD in combination with impedance of flow through the internal mammary artery due to a severe lesion in the LAD distal to the anastomosis led to a functionally occluded LIMA. When the obstruction in the proximal LAD progressed and the distal obstruction was successfully angioplastied, the flow dynamics in the internal mammary improved, allowing for its dilatation and restoration of patency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1992

Solanum chrysotrichum (Schldl.) a plant used in Mexico for the treatment of skin mycosis.

An ethnobotanical field study carried out in 200 rural communities determined that the leaves of Solanum chrysotrichum Schldl. are used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of skin mycosis, being particularly recommended to cure Tinae pedis. Clinical trials were performed using a cream containing 5% of a methanolic leaf extract of this plant. Results showed that 45% of the patients were completely cured after 4 weeks of topical treatment. The rest of the cases improved notably in comparison with the control group of patients using the habitual miconazole treatment. The same plant extract inhibited the growth in vitro of the dermatophytes Trychophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum and Microsporum gypseum at MICs under 15 mg/ml.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1992

Total pulmonary torsion without vascular compromise--a case report.

A new case of pulmonary torsion is reported. Only 15 cases of this rare entity have been published in the literature, all of them either surgically treated short term or resulting in death. Small right-side pneumothorax following diagnostic transthoracic puncture seemed to be the mechanism of production. Because of the absence of acute clinical manifestations, fibroscopy, isotopic perfusion scanning, and hemodynamic and pulmonary angiographic studies were done. The lack of compromise in the pulmonary flow and venous pulmonary return explains the surprisingly good progress (ten months, at present) of the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Has socialism failed? An analysis of health indicators under socialism.

This article analyzes the widely held assumption in academia and the mainstream press that capitalism has proven superior to socialism in responding to human needs. The author surveys the health conditions of the world's populations, continent by continent, and shows that, contrary to dominant ideology, socialism and socialist forces have been, for the most part, better able to improve health conditions than have capitalism and capitalist forces. In the underdeveloped world, socialist forces and regimes have, more frequently than not, improved health and social indicators better than capitalist forces and regimes, and in the developed world, countries with strong socialist forces have been better able to improve health conditions than those countries lacking or with weak socialist forces. The socialist experience has, of course, also included negative developments that have negated important components of the socialist project. Still, the evidence presented in this article shows that the historical experience of socialism has not been one of failure. To the contrary: it has been, for the most part, more successful than capitalism in improving the health conditions of the world's populations.

Africa↗