Bipolar affective disorder arising for the first time in old age (60 years and over) has not been extensively studied. The authors present a prevalence study of mania arising after age 60. Of 217 patients admitted to our unit in a 2-year period, 10 (4.7%) showed symptoms of mania, using the DSM-III criteria. This constitutes 9.3% of 108 affective disorder patients admitted during the same period. An important factor in the precipitation of these attacks was marital discord, leading, in several cases, to separation, even in this age group.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Self-complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotides incorporating L-related isodeoxynucleosides: synthesis, physical characterization, enzymology, and CD studies.

The synthesis of self-complementary oligodeoxyribonucleotides (14-16, 18) incorporating the L-related isodeoxynucleotides, isodA (1) and/or isodT (2), is described. For this purpose, the fully protected phosphoramidite building blocks 10 and 12 were synthesized. The conceptually new oligomers exhibit high resistance towards exonucleases. Temperature- and concentration-dependent CD spectral data and accompanying thermodynamic parameters of the oligomers show that isodA-isodT or mixed dA-isodT/isodA-dT base pairs participate in duplex stabilization.

Chemical Phenomena↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and antiviral studies of unsaturated analogues of isomeric dideoxynucleosides.

Novel isomeric dideoxynucleosides with unsaturation in the carbohydrate moiety have been synthesized. For example, isod4A was synthesized through a rearrangement reaction involving a cyclonucleoside. Support for the structures of both purine and pyrimidine d4 compounds came from UV, NMR, HRMS and single crystal X-ray data. Interestingly, the single crystal X-ray data for isod4C shows that the base is almost orthogonal to the carbon-carbon double bond of the sugar moiety. Consistent with this is the observation that the UV data of this compound does not show a bathochromic shift compared to the saturated compound implying that the pi-bond is not in conjugation with the pyrimidine base.

Anti-HIV Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of biomimetic analogs of neomycin B: potential inhibitors of the HIV RNA Rev response element.

The aminoglycosidic antibiotic, neomycin B, is an inhibitor of the binding of Rev to RRE. This paper reports on the synthesis of analogs of neomycin B as potential anti-HIV compounds designed to function as inhibitors of Rev/RRE binding.

Anti-HIV Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of novel isomeric dideoxydidehydronucleosides.

Methodologies for the synthesis of novel isomeric dideoxynucleosides with unsaturation in the carbohydrate moiety have been developed. An example of the synthesis (Isod4A) is presented. Antiviral studies are in progress.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Potential inhibitors of HIV integrase.

In the search for inhibitors of HIV integrase, the enzyme involved in the integration of viral DNA into host DNA, we have synthesized and studied a number of analogs of the heterocyclic molecule, chloroquine.

Anti-HIV Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis of a nucleoside bioconjugate system as a potential anti-HIV agent.

Synthesis and anti-HIV data for a bioconjugate molecule incorporating a HIV protease inhibitor (A74704) and a HIV RT inhibitor (d4T) are presented.

Anti-HIV Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Isonucleosides incorporating universal bases.

Enantiomeric isodideoxynucleosides of the (S,S) and (R,R) families with the universal base, imidazole-4-carboxamide as the nucleobase, were synthesized as biological mimics of anti-HIV active D- and L-related isodideo-xyadenosines. In vitro anti-HIV evaluation in CEM cells of these target compounds showed that they were inactive. Further antiviral studies are in progress.

Aminoimidazole Carboxamide↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A new procedure for the phosphorylation of nucleosides: application to the discovery of inhibitors of HIV integrase.

A new phosphorylating agent for nucleosides, 2-O-(4,4'-dimethoxytrityl) ethylsulfonylethan-2'-yl-phosphate (1), has been developed by us. In the many examples studied by us, phosphorylation yields were found to be very high (about 90%). The procedure appears to be remarkably general and can be utilized for the phosphorylation of many biomolecules. Successful application of this phosphorylation method has contributed to the discovery of inhibitors of HIV integrase in our laboratory.

HIV Integrase Inhibitors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lost time, found hope and sorrow: the search for self, connection, and purpose during "awakenings" on the new antipsychotics.

The novel antipsychotic medications clozapine and olanzapine provide well-documented clinical improvement for some patients with psychosis. We interviewed 15 patients with chronic psychosis who demonstrated significant improvement on these new medications and offer a conceptual framework to organize their narratives. In our conceptual model, our patients' descriptions are divided into three broad areas: sense of self, sense of connection, and sense of purpose. We also highlight the opportunities for psychotherapy with this population.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Discrepancy between claimed field flux density of some commercially available magnets and actual gaussmeter measurements.

CONTEXT: Magnets are widely used by the public in medical applications. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the field flux density, a measurement of magnetic dosage, provided by over-the-counter magnet manufacturers is accurate. DESIGN: Five magnets were tested for field flux density, and measurements were compared with information provided by manufacturers. RESULTS: Magnets studied showed actual field flux density measurements that were significantly lower than the values claimed by suppliers. CONCLUSIONS: Over-the-counter magnet suppliers are not providing reliable information; therefore, clinical replication of published reports is difficult.

Calibration↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gangliogliomas: A report of five cases.

Gangliogliomas are rare tumors of the Central Nervous System. Five gangliogliomas were diagnosed out of 1560 brain tumours surgically resected out in a period of 5 years accounting for 0. 32%. We have tried to discuss in detail the pathological features of these tumours and have mentioned the clinical and radiological features associated with them. All the slides, tissue blocks and pathology reports of the surgical specimens of gangliglioma were reviewed and the clinical and radiological data reviewed. The ages of the patients ranged from 7-65 years with 4 males and 1 female. The tumors were located in the lateral ventricle (a rare site), temporal, parietal and the frontal lobes with duration of seizures varying from 1-9 years. The tumors were diagnosed by the presence of a dual population of neoplastic ganglionic and glial components. The glial components consisted of pilocytic astrocytes (l case), fibrillary astrocytes (2 cases), oligodendrocytes (1 case) and anaplastic astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (1 case). There was one-grade I GG, three-Grade II GGs and one-grade III GG. Astrocytes were the commonest glial component of GGs, either pilocytic or fibrillary. Oligodendrocytes as the glial component of GGs was seen in 2 cases one of which was anaplastic and this is a rare finding.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A look at "Tylenol" poisoning.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acetaminophen↗