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Biomedical subjects

V N Zakharov

Publications and source records attributed to V N Zakharov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Obstructive respiration disorders during sleep and disorders of cardiac rhythm].

AIM: To investigate the impact of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) on circadian profile of cardiac arrhythmia in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and to determine clinical markers of OSA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 52 patients (31 males, 21 females, body mass index 30.5 +/- 5.8 kg/m2) with IHD admitted to hospital for ventricular extrasystole and paroxysmal cardiac fibrillation filled in questionnaires, were examined anthropometrically, with nocturnal cardiorespiration and holter monitoring. Cluster and correlation-regression mathematical analyses of the findings were made. RESULTS: OSA was detected in 42 (80.8%) patients. Patients with primarily nocturnal arrhythmia, compared to those with diurnal arrhythmia had a significantly higher index apnea/hypopnea (29.2 and 21.5 vs 4.4, respectively), more pronounced fall in saturation (12.9 and 9.4% vs 4.9%, respectively) and lower body mass index. In 12 (23%) patients arrhythmia arose in parallel with episodes of sleep apnea/hypopnea. Mathematical analysis determined the following clinical markers of sleep respiratory disorders: regular intensive nocturnal snoring, body mass index > 25 kg/m2 and diurnal drowsiness > 15 scores by Epworth scale. CONCLUSION: ORDS may provoke cardiac arrhythmia in patients with IHD.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pathophysiological evolution of coronary (ischemic) heart disease: ischemia, dystrophy, necrosis, sclerosis].

Pathophysiological evolution of coronary (ischemic) heart disease in the following order: ischemia--dystrophy--necrosis (infarction)--myocardial sclerosis is postulated. The authors give clinical, instrumental, laboratory characteristics of ischemia, focal dystrophy with 2 types of manifestations: the hibernating ("silent") myocardium and the stunned myocardium (focal dysfunction preserves after revascularization although cardiomyocytes remain alive). The following stages are small and large myocardial infarction, next are cardioscleroses, such as focal postinfarct (postnecrotic) and small focal atherosclerotic (microcirculatory, diffuse postdystrophic).

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Acute focal dystrophy of the myocardium with hibernating or stunned myocardium].

Opportunities of clinical, laboratory and device diagnosis of acute focal dystrophy (AFD) with hibernating or stunned myocardium are postulated. Myocardial AFD belongs to intermediate coronary syndrome and is a clinico-morpho-functional manifestation of one of the acute coronary syndromes in ischemic heart disease. Differentiation of hibernating with stunned myocardium is made after myocardial revascularization. 230 coronaroventriculographies have been made, of them 72 were urgent with balloon angioplasty and stenting.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Phenomenon of concentrical spiral separation of microparticles in laminar vortical blood flow.

1. Previously unknown phenomenon of a stable ordered laminar vortical blood flow of opposite direction has been discovered in the systemic and pulmonary circulations consisting in the fact that in the circulation system there exists a rotative, twisted, spiral-like blood movement due to (a) special organization of intracavitary architectonics of heart and blood vessels in the form of funnel-like cavities with tangential inflow into the heart, outflow from the heart and blood vessel branching, (b) twisting character of contraction of spiral-oriented muscular elements creating the ejection effect of the vortical blood jet. 2. Previously unknown phenomenon of concentrical spiral separation of blood microparticles has been discovered consisting in the fact that in moving blood there exists a layered distribution of microparticles on flow radius according to their size and mass due tot the stable ordered laminar vortical blood flow of opposite direction in the systemic and pulmonary circulations, the largest and heaviest microparticles constituting the axial nucleus of the flow and the smallest and lightest microparticles constituting parietal layers.

Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1994

Structural analysis of moving blood from the viewpoint of new principles of circulation mechanics.

The discovery has been made of the previously unknown phenomenon of concentrical spiral separation of blood microparticles consisting in the fact that in blood flow there exists a strictly ordered layered distribution of microparticles according to their size and mass conditioned by the laminar vortical blood flow in the circulation system, the heaviest particles constituting the axial nucleus of the flow and the lightest particles consisting parietal layers.

Blood Circulation↗
PubMed1992

[The prospects for the use of a Soviet apparatus for the removal of gallstones with focused shock waves].

Clinico-experimental substantiation was conducted for extracorporal crushing of the stones in biliary ducts in patients who suffered from gallstone disease. The "Urat-II" national lithotriptor and "Urat-B" biostand were used to crush in experimental conditions 140 gallstones (0.5-2.5 cm in size) obtained during cholecystectomies. Experimental researches on 56 white rats were conducted to study the liver tissue and adjacent organs. Optimal regimes for the percussive wave generator were found out in which the best crushing effect was obtained (with the dimensions of fractions up to 1.6 mm) and at the same time the minimal disturbing factor was produced. The data obtained during these researches are used in clinical pilot testings on "Urat-II"--a prototype of the national cholelithotriptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Detection of heart rhythm disorders by ECG autotransmission via telephone].

The method of patient's own telephone transmission of his or her ECG was used for the diagnosis of arrhythmias in 70 patients with a history of heart rhythm disorders. Various arrhythmias were diagnosed, using this method, in 91.4% of the patients. Repeated conventional ECG recordings detected arrhythmias in 54.3% of the patients only over the entire hospital stay time. A comparison of ECG telephone autotransmission and intermittent ECG tape-recording by the Cardiocassette device showed identical rhythm disorders in 91.3% of the cases, while bicycle ergometry proved less informative for the diagnosis of arrhythmias as compared to ECG telephone transmission. The latter method may be useful in monitoring patients with heart rhythm disorders, particularly at the outpatient stage of treatment. It allows antiarrhythmic therapy to be administered as soon as arrhythmia is detected which is an advantage over ECG tape-recording.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Dynamics of myocardial function of the left and right ventricles based on electrocardiographic data after the surgical closure of interventricular septal defects].

A retrospective study of postoperative electrocardiographic and pulmonary hemodynamic changes in 145 patients operated on for isolated interventricular heart defects demonstrated that the ECG-documented reverse development of the hypertrophic process in the right and left ventricles was not always in evidence. Positive ECG developments were mostly observed within the first 2 years. Residual signs of the hypertrophic process persisted at further follow-up. Pathologic changes in the right ventricle are more flexible and regress rapidly following the operation. Indications for surgery should be established at least from the time of the onset of the first electrocardiographic signs of developing cardiac compensation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Use of a psychoemotional stress test in ischemic heart disease, hypertension and heart rhythm disorders].

Forty male patients with coronary heart disease and essential hypertension, as well as 10 normal subjects, were examined, using a psychoemotional test with simultaneous monitoring of arterial blood pressure (BP), heart rate and ECG patterns. The test revealed disorders of cardiac rhythm in 28.6% of coronary patients and induced signs of myocardial ischemia and an anginal attack in 2. Signs of myocardial ischemia were more often provoked in coronary patients by physical stress tests as compared to those involving psychoemotional stress. In hypertensive patients, psychoemotional stress was associated with a more pronounced arterial BP rise, as compared to the results in normotensive individuals (normal subjects and coronary patients). Psychoemotional stress tests can be used alongside other kinds of tests in patients with coronary disease, essential hypertension and cardiac rhythm disorders.

Adult↗