Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V N Vasil'ev.
Presentation of visual and acoustic stimuli at a rate of 2-30 Hz modulated variability of the heart rhythm in volunteers. Potentation of vagal influences and a decrease in the contribution of ergotropic systems to the regulation of the heart rate were noted after 10 sessions of audiovisual stimulation. These changes were accompanied by a pronounced decrease of individual and reactive anxiety.
Change of heart rate variability in orthostatic test and immunologic parameters in healthy persons depend from their anxiety. Anxious persons were characterized by increase of sympathetic nervous activity at baseline and in orthostatic test, stimulation of immunologic parameters. In persons with high trait anxiety and not high state anxiety immunosuppression and failing of sympathetic nervous activity were found. In unanxious persons prevalence of parasympathetic nervous activity in heart rate regulation and intermediate immunologic parameters were revealed.
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The authors have examined 550 patients (210 men and 340 women) with the suspected diagnosis of interatrial communication. The age of the patients was from 4 to 53 years (80% of the patients were 10-20 years of age). An original method of prolonged infusion contrast echocardiography and catheterization of the heart were used in 186 patients. Respiration tests were performed in 88 of them. A great defect of the interatrial septum (DIAS) was diagnosed in 31 patients, 15 patients had small DIAS, 40 patients had potent foramen ovale, 464 patients had functional noise. The prolonged infusion contrast echocardiography allowed the right-left shunt to be detected in all the patients with great DIAS, in 86.7% of the patients with small DIAS and in 87.5% of the patients having potent foramen ovale (false positive result was noted only in 2% of the patients with functional noise). The respiration test in patients with functional noise was (21.4 +/- 4)%, with foramen ovale (20 +/- 8)%, with small DIAS (17 +/- 6)% and with great DIAS (8.3 +/- 3)%. The prolonged infusion contrast echocardiography and the respiration test are though by the authors to be indicated to all patients with the suspected diagnosis of the interatrial communication. They allow making the exact diagnosis, estimating the degree of hemodynamic disturbances and determining indications to surgical treatment.
Under study was the state of local immunity in children with bronchiectasis (BE). Secretory IgA was found to decrease in the zone of BE in the clinical remission phase. The indicators of secretory Ig become normal at later terms after operation in patients with a good course of the disease, while in residual and recurrent BE their level remains the same.
In a model of recombinant protein as an intermediate in production of rRNA-origin insulin, electrodialysis was shown to be useful in demineralization of protein chromatographic eluates. The operation conditions were developed. It was demonstrated that the electrodialysis provided higher purity of the recombinant protein.
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The effect of pancreas atrophy on myoelectrical activity of the duodenum and serum trypsin, trypsin inhibitor, amylase, lipase activity has been described. The activation of the duodenum motor activity has been established. The changes in the motor activity were connected with trypsin and trypsin inhibitor activity of serum. The motor activity changes were compensated by trypsin therapy.
Study of 219 tuberculosis patients who underwent segmental resections showed that the rate of atelectasis development constituted 16.4%. In the right-sided operations atelectases developed 3 times more frequently than those in the left-sided ones (27.5 and 7.5%, respectively) and were mainly segmental (atelectasis of the anterior segment after excision of the ++apico-posterior segment), while in the left-sided intervention they were total in the majority of patients. The character of atelectasis in the right- and left-sided operations was determined by specific features of bronchial structure of the right and left lungs. As a result of therapeutic measures all total atelectases were relieved within 3-5 days, while segmental atelectases persisted for a long time; in 6 patients they still remained by the time of discharge.
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A total of 835 operations were conducted for bronchiectasis on 734 patients (75.9% were children and adolescents). The late-term results of operations for "minor" forms of the disease in 118 patients are discussed. The increase of the proportion of "minor" forms in the structure of bronchiectasis calls for changes of the tactics with prevalence of segmental and polysegmental lung resections. The relative number of the last named has been constantly growing in the recent 2 decades. The methods for determining the volume of the operation in bronchiectasis must be improved. All patients who underwent operation for "minor" forms of bronchiectasis must be kept under dynamic observation and more than half of them must be given regular anti-recurrence treatment for some years.
A CAMAC spectrometer with a scintillation detector was developed for radioactivity measurements in environmental and biological samples. The spectrometer allows one to use an additional single channel analyser for rapid isotope control and to use simultaneously a number of ADCs in a concurrent mode. A technique of efficiency calibration is described which simulates the volume sample measurement with a point reference source of photon radiation and a cylindrical water-equivalent plate-stack phantom. The minimum detectable radionuclide concentration was found to be equal 5.10(-5) Ci/kg.
Characteristic features of medical care of tuberculosis patients staying at places of their confinement are considered on the basis of the examination data collected during a year. Inpatient treatment was primarily indicated for subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis (66%), including 31.9 per cent of the newly diagnosed. It is recorded that the percentage of patients with fibrocavernous process was rather high (13.7%), while those suffering from concurrent conditions and excreting drug-resistant tubercle bacilli made up 41.2 and 45.9 per cent; respectively. Some measures are recommended to optimize sufficiently provided medical care and treatment efficacy.
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