Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V Misra.
The effect of p-phenylene diamine on the peroxidation of liposomized samples of lecithin and peanut oil was studied under optimal conditions. The p-phenylene diamine was found to affect the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive products of lipid peroxidation and the efficacy of various free radical scavengers.
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1. Studies were conducted on urine volume and electrolyte excretion chiefly of Na and K in anaesthetized hydrated dogs. 2. Central injection of acetylcholine caused a dose dependent antidiuretic response but without any change in excretion of urinary Sodium (UNa) and Potassium (UK). 3. After central atropinization, antidiuretic response to acetylcholine was partially blocked without any effect on electrolyte excretion. 4. Intracerebroventricularly (I.C.V.) administered acetylcholine after vagotomy and spinalectomy, each done separately and together also elicited an antidiuretic response. There was no effect on electrolyte excretion. 5. It is thus suggested that acetylcholine may be acting on central cholinergic receptors concerned with A.D.H. release.
The effects of glucagon administration through intracerebroventricular (ICV), third ventricular (TV) and intracisternal (I") routes on urinary sodium and potassium concentration have been studied in mongrel dogs. The central administration of glucagon resulted in a significant decrease in urinary sodium concentration (P less than 0.01) and increase in urinary potassium concentration (P less than 0.001). This change in urinary sodium and potassium concentration on central administration of glucagon was abolished in animals which were ventured to either sympathetic denervation or adrenalectomy. The observations in the present study suggest that the changes in urinary sodium and potassium concentration on central administration of glucagon, are due to increased secretion of some substance from the adrenals and the probable efferents might be the sympathetic fibres.
Effect of angiotensin II was studied on blood sugar level in dogs. Angiotensins given by intravenous route caused a marked rise in blood sugar level. Indomethacin and propranolol significantly influence the changes in blood sugar level induced by angiotensin. It is suggested that the hyperglycaemia induced by angiotensin appears to be mediated by facilitation of adrenaline and prostaglandin release.
The effects of different doses of adrenaline, noradrenaline and acetylcholine administered intravenous intrarenal and intra-cerebro-ventricular routes were studied on the urine out put in dogs. The findings are correlated with the known haemodynamic actions of these neurohumors as well as their direct actions on the reabsorptive mechanisms of the renal tubules. The effects of ICV administration are possibly due to the liberation of A.D.H. from posterior pituitary.
Intravenous administration of angiotensin II caused a significant decrease in total plasma protein and albumin level in dogs. The central nervous system, the spleen and adrenal glands do not play any significant role in decreased plasma protein and albumin level. It is suggested that might be due to increased secretion of prostaglandin-like substances from the dog kidney causing increased permeability of vascularendothelium.
Environmental auditing has emerged as a new industrial management tool in recent years. It involves a careful examination of the organization, management procedures, product development, and equipment for environmental protection. The purpose of an environmental audit, from the toxicological point of view, is to assure that the total risk to humans, material, and environment should not increase as a result of a chemical process. The criteria to be adopted for such a safety audit are outlined.
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