Biomedical subjects

V Michiu

Publications and source records attributed to V Michiu.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Decrease of serum immunoglobulin M levels in some diabetic patients.

Contradictory results have been published on serum immunoglobulin levels in diabetes. Our study population consisted of 26 "juvenile" IDDM patients (males/females 14/12, mean age 15.8 +/- 2.4 yrs), 42 "adult-onset" IDDM patients (25/17, 45.1 +/- 15.2 yrs), 62 NIDDM patients (27/35, 59.8 +/- 7.7 yrs), 128 controls. IgM has been measured by a highly standardized endpoint radial immunodiffusion. Since age and sex significantly influence serum IgM levels, we calculated Z values using the formula: log (Xobs:Xexp): SDexp, where Xobs is the measured IgM in any individual and Xexp and SDexp are the expected (geometric) mean and standard deviation of the log IgM values for each year of age in both sexes, as previously calculated by orthogonal polynomials from a large population of "laboratory controls" (n = 755; 10-70 yrs). These Z values (+/- SD) in juvenile IDDM (-0.442 +/- 0.988) and NIDDM (-0.559 +/- 1.215) were significantly lower (P = 0.035 and P less than 10(-3)) than in "laboratory controls" (0 +/- 1). Values in adult IDDM (-0.0225 +/- 1.213; P = 0.24) and in controls (-0.018 +/- 1.04) did not differ significantly from the "laboratory controls". The prevalence of diabetes within the four quartiles of the IgM distribution differed significantly from the one expected according to the null hypothesis (chi-square = 42.2; 3df; P less than 10(-4]. This is also applied to juvenile IDDM (P less than 0.05) and NIDDM (P less than 10(-4], but not to adult-onset IDDM. These results suggest that the low IgM levels may partly contribute to the poorly explained increase in susceptibility to infections in some diabetics.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Is microalbuminuria a different problem for type I and type II diabetes mellitus?

As in previous studies an improved single radial immunodiffusion technique was used for albumin, calculating the albumin/creatinine ratio in spot urine (mg/g/1.73 m2). This ratio was 4.7 +/- 0.0174 (geometric mean +/- SEM as logarithm) in 130 healthy controls, the highest value being 10.8. The 182 non-selected ambulatory diabetic patients presented three subgroups, each showing a non-gaussian frequency distribution: 47% with normal values (5.0 +/- 0.0224); 42% with ratio values from 11.0 to 88.8 (22.7 +/- 0.0269, significantly differing from the controls); 11% with clinical proteinuria (subsequently excluded from the study). Type I (9.6 +/- 0.0452; n = 76) and type II diabetic patients (10.7 +/- 0.0430; n = 86) significantly differed (p less than 0.001) from the controls but not from one another. Irrespective of the diabetes type, ratio values were significantly correlated with the duration of diabetes, age of patients, age of diagnosis (for instance 16.2 +/- 0.0974 in 15 patients aged greater than 65 years versus 9.1 +/- 0.0792 in 23 patients aged less than 20 years), glycemia level and chronic complications (especially retinopathy). Therefore, more than half the diabetic patients, non-selected, presented an increased albumin excretion as compared to the controls. On the other hand, microalbuminuria appears to be linked to age, duration of the disease and quality of the metabolic control rather than to the diabetes type.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Concentration of serum immunoglobulins in acute and chronic hepatic diseases. I. Serum-levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD in young patients with viral hepatitis.

Concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD were measured against WHO Reference Preparation 67/97 and British Standard 67/37 in sera from 105 patients with viral hepatitis and 110 "current" controls. To allow comparison at different ages and between sexes, constants previously determined on sera from a large "laboratory" group of controls were used to calculate "scores" for all Ig values. The patients' IgM scores were remarkably higher than those of controls and were bimodally distributed. About 68% of the patients had IgM scores more than 2 SD above the expected mean for laboratory controls. The distribution of IgG and IgA scores appeared unimodal, but schifted to the right of controls. The mean values of IgG and IgA scores were significantly greater in patients than in controls, and in female patients compared with males. Moreover, 16% (12 of 73) of the male and 47% (15 of 32) of the female patients had Ig G scores more than 2 SD above the expected mean. With regard to IgD, no significant difference between patients and controls was observed.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Concentration of serum immunoglobulins in acute and chronic hepatic diseases. II. Viral hepatitis; time-dependent changes in immunoglobulin concentration.

Immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations were determined on blood samples drawn of 6 occasions over a 2-month period from 38 young patients with viral hepatitis. The main and joint effects of sex and day factors on mean Ig levels were studied by using a 2-way ANOVA model. No distinct pattern of variation was observed for IgA, IgG and IgD, whereas the mean values of IgM showed a statistically significant variation throughout the study period. Female patients had significantly higher mean Ig values than males; for each Ig-class, however, the day-to-day variation was very similar in the two sexes, as reflected by an unsignificant sex-day interaction. The results suggest that serial measurements of IgM levels can be useful for identifying those patients at risk of developing chronic hepatitis and for an early detection of viral hepatitis in persons at very high risk of contracting this disease.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and patterns of hyperimmunoglobulinemia in acute viral hepatitis convalescents.

The 99th-percentile values of a large control group were used to determine the frequency and patterns of hyperimmunoglobulinemia (HIg) in 119 convalescents from viral hepatitis in whom Ig quantitation was performed on two occasions within 6 1/2 months after their acute episode. The mean levels of IgG, IgA and IgM, but not of IgD, were significantly higher in convalescents than in controls. There was no significant difference (p greater than 0.1) in the overall frequency of HIg (at least one Ig-class value greater than or equal to 99th percentile of controls) between the initial (30.2%; n = 119) and repeat (20.6%; n = 97) samples, though differences in the distribution of HIg patterns occurred between the two samples. At the time of repeat testing, 7 out of 77 subjects with normo-Ig, but 13 out of 20 with HIg had clinical and/or laboratory abnormalities (p less than or equal to 0.001).

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of sex and age on serum immunoglobulin concentrations in healthy subjects.

Cencentrations of serum-immunoglobulins IG, IgA and IgM in 440 apparently healthy subjects aged 15 to 70 years were estimated by assay against the WHO International Reference Preparation 67/97. An improved single-radial-diffusion technique was used. Sex-related differences were separately examined for each age group by means of Stusdent's t test. Except for IgA mean value of the younger males (15--24 years), which was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than that of females, no other significant sex differences were found for IgA mean levels; in contrast, mean IgM concentrations were significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in females than in males, in all but one (55--70 years) of the age groups. Linear-regression analyses of log10 Ig concentration on age have evidenced that a significant decrease in IgM levels with age occurred only in females (r = - 0.390; p less than 0.001); on the contrary, significant increases with age occurred in IgG concentrations of males (r = 0.271; p less than 0.001), as well as in IgA levels of both males (r = 0.240; p less than , less than 0.001) and females (r = 0.263 ; p less than 0.001).

Adolescent↗